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Dictionary Skills: Your ally on state
exams
ESL/Basic English
DictionariesBilingual Dictionaries
Picture Dictionaries Standard Monolingual Dictionaries
Standard MonolingualDictionaries
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Dictionaries are books
that list all the words in alanguage
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!ith a Dictionary" you can learn:
#$ow to s%ell a word
#!hat a word means
#$ow to say a word
#!hat %art o& s%eech a word is#$ow many syllables are in a word
#!hether or not to ca%itali'e a word
#$ow to abbre(iate a word )ex* +S,-
#Meanings o& %re.xes and suxes &or a word
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$ow is a Dictionary
0rgani'ed1
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2o understand the im%ortance o&dictionary skills and why theymust be %racticed 032E4" try
this acti(ity5
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Dictionary Skills must be intentionally
taught and practiced OFTENAll words in a dictionary are listed in alphabetical order.
Look or a partner. The ollowing words are not in alphabetical
order. !ut them in order as "uickly as you can#
• $allot% poll% caucus% incumbent% &ote% president% nominee%
constituency% debate% elect% campaign% oice% candidate%
ederal% electoral college% democrat% republican% whig%
reerendum. '(ou ha&e )* seconds+
,
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-sing the dictionary
• Find the deinition or oice/ 'with a
political reerence+.
• Now% look up the term 0eto !ower/. 1hat
page is it on2
3
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Dictionaries
4
!here6s the de.nition &or%um%kin %ie17171
8,te9 isn6there77
2here are EIGHT de.nitions&or 8dri(e9171 !hich one7
2he teacher said 8%hiloso%hy9was in here under 8%9 6mtotally lost7
!hat6s a guideword1
0k gi(e u% 2his bookisn6t hel%ing me ATALL!
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2o make
dictionarieseasier touse" thewords areorgani'ed in
al%habeticalorder
Your .rst key to rememberwhen using dictionaries
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Since there
are so manywords in adictionary"guide words are used to
hel% youlocate a word
;uickly
Your second key to rememberwhen using dictionaries
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$ow do guide words hel%
you .nd a word ;uickly1•Look at the guidewords
•+se what you knowabout
al%habeti'ing todecide i& your word&alls between the
two guide words
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Let6s see what that means#
Let6s %retend we arelooking u% the word"
science 3irst we wouldturn to the S section
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2hen we would use the
guide words and what weknow about al%habeti'ing
to decide the correct %agein the S section
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!e would look at the
guide words at the to% o&each %age and decide
which ones our wordwould come between in
al%habetical order
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Let6s do that &or the word
science#!hich one o& these
%ages would contain theword science1
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2he %age with the guide words#
stam% # summer
0r the %age with the guide words#
sandwich # se(enty
science
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Dictionary De.nitions
!hat do they mean1 Your third key toremember when usingdictionaries: Be care&ulwhat de.nition youchoose
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$a(e you e(er looked u%
the de.nition &or a word inthe dictionary1
& so" then youmight ha(e beencon&used by some
o& the %arts o& thatde.nition
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2oday" we6re going to
learn what each %art o& ade.nition means
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=0>,B+L,?Y• 5eadword6 the word you are looking up. 7t
is always in bold type.
• Entry6 the inormation on the word you are
looking up.• !ronunciation6 tells you how to say the
word. Found in 'parentheses+.
• !art o speech6 tells you how the word isused in a sentence 'n=noun, v=verb,
adj=adjective, adv=adverb).
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=0>,B+L,?Y
• Deinition6 all possible meanings or the
word. 8any words ha&e more than one
meaning.• E9amples6 Shows you how the word is used
in a sentence. -sually ound in italics.
• Etymology6 this tells you the history o theword% and what language it came rom.
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2his is a de.nition &or @ag:
@ag )@ag-
1. noun , %iece o& cloth with a%attern or symbol o& acountry" an organi'ation" etc
A verb 2o sto%" or to signalWe fagged down the police
ocer.
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@ag )@ag-
1. noun , %iece o& cloth with a%attern or symbol o& a
country" an organi'ation" etcA verb 2o sto%" or to signal
We fagged down the policeocer.
2he word being de.nedis &ollowed by the
%ronunciation in%arenthesis
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@ag )@ag-
1. noun , %iece o& cloth with a
%attern or symbol o& acountry" an organi'ation" etc
A verb 2o sto%" or to signalWe fagged down the policeocer.
2he .rst word tells the word6s%art o& s%eech
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1. noun , %iece o& cloth with a
%attern or symbol o& acountry" an organi'ation" etc
A verb 2o sto%" or to signal We fagged down the policeocer.
2he next section is the actualde.nition o& the word
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1. noun , %iece o& cloth with a%attern or symbol o& acountry" an organi'ation" etc
Averb
2o sto%" or to signal We fagged down the policeocer.
3inally" you might see a
sentence showing how theword is used Es%ecially i& theuse is not the most common &or
the word
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5ow do 7 decide which Deinition to
use2:. Decide how the word is used.
;. . 7 the sentence still makes sense% then you haðe correct deinition.
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4ow you know how to use a
dictionary7
,nd understands theim%ortance o& good
dictionary skills
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Activity• ?hoose a word to lookup in the dictionary.
1rite that word anddictionary entry on a
piece o white paper.
Label the parts o theentry.