Next-Generation FTTH: Architectures Next-Generation FTTH: Architectures and Enabling Componentsand Enabling Components
Rajeev Ram
MIT Center for Integrated Photonic Systems
In collaboration with Communications Futures Program
Industrial Group Members
JDSU Motorola Nokia BT Telecom Italia AlphionNeophotonics
Additional Contributors
Corning Luminent VitesseNovera Intune VerizonCisco Broadcom KAIST AT&T Ovum InfineraUC Berkeley Lightwave Research
Optical Broadband Working GroupOptical Broadband Working Group
FTTx DriversFTTx Drivers
• Ever increasing demand for bandwidth, including IPTV
• Need to significantly lower network costs (rising faster
than revenue)
• Rapidly advancing technology and declining equipment
costs
• Public policy
• Standards
0.010
0.100
1.000
10.000
100.000
1000.000
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
Nom
inal
Dow
nstr
eam
Rat
e (M
bit/s
)
ADSL
V.90
BPON*Mid-tier
Basic
ADSL2
VDSL2
* Excluding analog overlay
ADSL typical residential offerings
GPON
Basic
NGPON
?
?
?
Cable
DOCSIS 1.0DOCSIS 1.1Rate caps imposed
DOCSIS 3.0Channel bonding
1.3x per year
Economy
Mid-tier
Premium
0.010
0.100
1.000
10.000
100.000
1000.000
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
Nom
inal
Dow
nstr
eam
Rat
e (M
bit/s
)
ADSL
V.90
BPON*Mid-tier
Basic
ADSL2
VDSL2
* Excluding analog overlay
ADSL typical residential offerings
GPON
Basic
NGPON
?
?
?
Cable
DOCSIS 1.0DOCSIS 1.1Rate caps imposed
DOCSIS 3.0Channel bonding
1.3x per year
Economy
Mid-tier
Premium
The Need for SpeedThe Need for Speed
FTTX Deployment StatusFTTX Deployment Status
• Worldwide deployment accelerating– 11M subscribers in 2005
• Asia leading in users, but other regions rapidly rolling out systems
• In the U.S., >1000 communities have FTTx service today– 8M homes passed – 1.3M subscribers, forecasted at >10M by 2011
• In Europe, forecast for 49% CAGR from 2005-10– 25M Optical network terminals
• PON equipment sales of $965M in 2006, forecasted to be $2.4B in 2010
Small Businesses
New BuriedDevelopment
Splitter
OLT
ONTONT
Splitter
ONT
ONTONT
Splitter
ONT
ONT
Splitter
ONT
2.4 Gbps shared by up to 128 users
2.4 Gbps out1.2 Gbps in
10-100 Mbps service rates
20 km reach
12
34
1
4
2 3
Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview
Time Division Multiplexing
ONT
Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview
Power &Battery
ONTONT
Video
Data
POTS
ONT
Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview
Power &Battery
ONTONT
Video
Data
POTS1310 nm 1490 nm
DownstreamUpstream
Voice and Data
1550 nm
VideoVoice and Data
Bandwidths & Services
ONT
Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview
Power &Battery
ONTONT
Video
Data
POTS1310 nm 1490 nm
DownstreamUpstream
Voice and Data
1550 nm
VideoVoice and Data
Bandwidths & Services
ONT
Today’s Advanced PONToday’s Advanced PONGPON OverviewGPON Overview
Power &Battery
ONTONT
Video
Data
POTS1310 nm 1490 nm
DownstreamUpstream
Voice and Data
1550 nm
VideoVoice and Data
Bandwidths & Services
Fast Clockspeed NetworksFast Clockspeed Networks
• Convergence of telecom and access networks – a high volume market for high performance components – single frequency lasers & sensitive detectors
– new leaders
• 10x scaling of manufacturing and assembly– More than 200k triplexers per month
• Driving new technologies for rapid deployment– Burst mode electronics (shared bandwidth components)
– Broadband amplifier systems (reach extension to rural communities)
Metro Edge
Optical Access Network
WDM-PONWDM-PON
GPONGPON
LR-PONLR-PON
Metro Core
Next-Gen Broadband Architecture OptionsNext-Gen Broadband Architecture Options
•WDM PON: Dedicated wavelengths (high capacity) per user•Long Reach PON: Consolidation of metro (telecom) and access networks
WDM-PONWDM-PON
Metro Core
Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON
–No bandwidth sharing on the transport layer
–Flexible and simple Bandwidth/Subscriber allocation
–Virtual POINT TO POINT (Secure Networks)
–Physical POINT TO MULTIPOINT (Shared Fiber Infrastructure)
WDM-PONWDM-PON
Metro Core
Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON
Remote node in manhole
Largest market for athermal ‘integrated’ wavelength filters
WDM-PONWDM-PON
Metro Core
Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON
Remote node in manhole
Largest market for athermal ‘integrated’ wavelength filters
How do you sell the same hardware to every user in a wavelength selective network ?
?
WDM-PONWDM-PON
Metro Core
Inventory Management for WDM PONInventory Management for WDM PON
Modulate and reflect light to CO
w/ filtered white light
w/o filtered white light
Injection Locking (KT Field Trial)
How do you sell the same hardware to every user in a wavelength selective network ?
Metro Edge
Optical Access NetworkGPON
GPON
LR-PONLR-PON
Metro Core
Long-Reach PON ArchitectureLong-Reach PON Architecture
Optical Amplifier
100 km reach 1000:1 splitters
Trade CapEx for OpEx: Fund edge components by closing down COs
MIT Modeling Activity OverviewMIT Modeling Activity Overview
DemandDemographics
TechnologicalConstraints
OperatingContext
Central OfficeSiting
SplitterSiting
Fiber PlantSiting
Network Model Inputs
Network DesignModel
Network Design
ComponentCosts
LaborCosts
Resource Costs
NetworkConstraints
Network Cost Models
Network CapEx
Network OpEx
Network Design Model: ValidationNetwork Design Model: ValidationScenario (1) BT (1) MIT (2) Corning (2) MIT
Homes Passed 7353 7228 71331 71176
Splitter Strategy Non-Cascaded
1x32
Cascaded
1x4 1x8
Data Rate (Gbps) 2.5 2.5
Reach (km) 12 20
Central Offices 1 3
Route Length (km) 758 717 10357 10658
Stage 1 Splitters 263 294 2634 2607
Stage 2 Splitters N/A N/A 10658 10283
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
OpEx Involves Multiple ParametersOpEx Involves Multiple Parameters
Intrinsic Failure Modes
Failure Mode FIT Rate Data
Material Repair/Replace Costs
Extrinsic Failure Modes
Observed FIT Rate Data
Man-hours to Repair/Replace
Resource Costs
Power Costs
Rents
Administrative Labor
Model Input Parameters:Network Components:
ONT
Fiber
Splitters
OLT
Connectors
Splices
Non-OLT Central Office
Industry Data (Bottom-up)
Field Data (Top-Down)
OpEx By Network ComponentOpEx By Network Component
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
$70
$80
$90
(3) (4) (5)
An
nu
al O
pEx p
er
Su
bscri
ber
COFiber Hardware
5km 20km
1x4,1x8 1x4,1x8
OpEx
52% Savings
BC LR
Total$77.59
Total$37.38
Access Networks Designed for ChangeAccess Networks Designed for Change
• Convergence of telecom and access networks– At the component level
– At the architecture and network level
– Drives working group discussions across the value chain
• Driving new technologies for rapid deployment– Drives MIT research
• WDM Optical Network Unit development
• Burst Mode Electronics (1000x enhancement demonstrated in 2006)
• High performance, low cost optical components (record performance amps)
• Network OpEx models for driving architecture designs