HISTORY 3040HISTORY 3040
CANADA AND THE WORLD
Dr. Curtis Cole
Trent University in Oshawa
The 1930sThe 1930sPart OnePart One
January 11, 2010
The 1930s: Part One
The Great Depression
The 1930s: Part One
The Great Depression
Impact of the DepressionSocialPoliticalConstitutionalAdministrativePsychological
The 1930s: Part One
The Dirty Thirties
The 1930s: Part One
The Dirty Thirties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
Summer, 1929construction downcar inventories upfreight car loadings downindustrial production downwholesale prices down
The 1930s: Part One
The Roaring Twenties
The CrashOct. 21: Market sharply downOct. 23: Down furtherOct. 29: BLACK TUESDAY
The 1930s: Part One
NY Stock Exchange Floor, Oct. 29, 1929
The Crash
The 1930s: Part One
The CrashTotal Losses Oct. 1929: $16 billionOct. 25 – Nov. 8: down 40%
The 1930s: Part One
Dow Jones Industrials, June 1929 – May 1933
The Crash
The 1930s: Part One
Causes of the Depression:Not the Stock Market Crash itselfProfits not passed on to producers:
labourers, farmersToo much expansion of industrial
capacityMarkets became saturated
The 1930s: Part One
Causes of the Depression:Government Policy:
Inequitable Tax Load DistributionHigh TariffsCorporate ConcentrationLittle or No Securities Regulation
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:Canadian Economy Heavily
Dependent on Staple Exports1929-1923 Canadian Exports Down 60% Protective TariffsUS Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 19301929-1933 Canadian GNP down 30%1933, Unemployment Rate: 30%
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! 1927: Wheat >$2.00/bushel1933: Wheat <40¢/bushelHigh Fixed Debt Load
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:
The Dust Bowl
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! Nova Scotia Down 36%Hardest on the PoorLaissez-Faire
Thomas Malthus1766-1834
The 1930s: Part One
Impact on Canada:1929-1933 Canadian Per Capita Income Down
48% Saskatchewan Down 72%! Nova Scotia Down 36%Hardest on the PoorLaissez-Faire
Andrew MellonUS Secretary of the Treasury
1929-1932
The 1930s: Part One
Politics in Canada:Liberal Leader Since 1919 Prime Minister Since 1921
(except summer of 1926) Election July 28, 1930Budget in May
William LyonMackenzie King
The 1930s: Part One
Politics in Canada:Conservative Leader Since 1927 Higher Tariffs Blast a Way Into The
Markets of the World
R.B. Bennett
Arthur Meighen
The 1930s: Part One
July 28, 1930 General Election Results:Conservatives : 137 Liberals : 91 Progressives : 12
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Manitoba:
1922-1928: United Farmers of Manitoba
1928-1931: Progressives 1931-1940: Liberal-Progressives
John BrackenManitoba Premier
1922-1942
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:British Columbia:
Conservative Federal Minister of
Agriculture, 1919-1921
Simon Fraser TolmieB.C. Premier
1928-1933
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:British Columbia:
LiberalTolmie’s Conservatives 3rd Opposition: CCF
Duff PattulloB.C. Premier
1933-1941
The 1930s: Part One
CCF:Cooperative Commonwealth Federation:
Founded Calgary, 1932Regina Manifesto, 1933Universal Health Insurance Workers’ CompensationUnemployment Insurance
J.S. Woodsworth
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Alberta:
United Farmers of Alberta, 1921-1935
Social Credit, 1935-1971
William AberhartAlberta Premier
1935-1943
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Ontario:
George S. HenryOntario Premier
1930-1934
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Ontario:
Mitch HepburnOntario Premier
1934-1942
The 1930s: Part One
Provincial Politics:Quebec:
Union Nationale
Maurice DuplessisQuebec Premier
1936-39, 1944-59
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
1935 Bennett Buggie
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:Sept. 1930: 3 measures
Tariff Increase Anti-Dumping RegulationsPublic Works Programs
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
The United States:The New Deal
Economic Pump-Priming Government RegulationFDR Re-elected 1936,
1940, 1944 (died April, 1945)
Franklin D. RooseveltUS President
1933-1945
The 1930s: Part One
Bennett’s Government:1935: The Little New Deal
Political Desperation W.D. Herridge
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results:Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137)
Liberals : 171 (1930: 91)
CCF : 7
R.B. BennettPrime Minister
1930-1935
The 1930s: Part One
Oct. 23, 1935 General Election Results:Conservatives : 40 (1930: 137)
Liberals : 171 (1930: 91)
CCF : 7
William LyonMackenzie KingPrime Minister1921-26, 1926-30, 1935-48
NEXT CLASS
The 1930sPart Two
Reading:Stacey, vol. II, pp. 194-269
NOTE:Next Class (Jan. 18) Starts at 7:45pm
HISTORY 304HISTORY 304 0 0
CANADA AND THE WORLD
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