History of Canada Notes

How nationalism spread through Canada

Canada

Remember that both France and Britain settled in Canada.

Each country set down roots that are still evident today.

Let’s turn now to the War of 1812…………….

War of 1812

One aspect of the war was that the French and British worked together against the US who tried to invade Canada

War resulted in a draw, but it defined the US-Canadian border & increased a sense of Canadian nationalism Both French Canadians & English Canadians

joined to protect their land—they were more united than ever before

1812: British and French Canadians unite to protect from U.S. expansion. Boundary

established.How Canada Won Freedom

After the War of 1812

French Canadians & British Canadians realized that they hated being under British rule

They thought that Great Britain was too far away to understand their economic & political needs

Canadians restless about being ruled by Great Britain

Province of Canada

1837—Canadians began to rebel against British control. They wanted self rule. (Nationalism)

1837: Canadians rebel against British control.

British North America Act (1867)

1867-British North America Act: created a federation union of Canada Joined four colonies (Quebec, Ontario, New

Brunswick, & Nova Scotia) 4 colonies became Provinces joined by a

unifying constitution

- Britain accepted the agreement because they were glad to be rid of the responsibility of protecting the colonies (expensive)

Confederation formed.

Results of the British North America Act

Allowed each region to sell goods more easily to one another Improved trade helped the economy Soon there was enough money to build a

railroad across the country Transcontinental Railroad was built in

1886 & people could now easily travel from the Atlantic Ocean to Pacific Ocean

Canadians unite to trade with each other.

Canadians build Transcontinental Railway to Pacific Coast

Expanding Canada

Soon, 3 new provinces & 1 territory were created: Manitoba, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, and the Northwest Territories

New eastern and western provinces added to confederation

Results of the Railroad:

Increased shipment of goods across the country

Increased travel from coast to coast Created new provinces & territories Increased Canadian nationalism

Before the railroad, most people only thought of themselves as belonging to their province; after they felt as if they were part of one country

Railroad unites all Canadians. People and ideas moving coast to coast.

Transcontinental Railroad

Yukon

GOLD was discovered along the western coast of Canada in 1896

Canada’s government created Yukon territory in 1898 to meet the needs of the area’s growing population

Gold Rush increases Canada’s population.

Canada & WWI

Canada still had close ties with Britain & felt they should contribute in the fight against Germany Sent military forces, raw materials, and food to

Europe Canada’s contribution changed the way the

world viewed it Canada was now a union that was able to

compete with world powers WWI increased Canadian nationalism

Canada is admired by the world for their service in WWI.

Canada stretches from east to west….10 provinces and 3 territories.

Can you see how Canada would want self rule?

Independence at last!

In 1931, The British Parliament granted independence to Canada.

But it was only in 1982, that final links were severed between the Canadian government and the British Parliament.

FYI: Nunavut (1999)

In the 1970s, Inuit wanted to create a territory called Nunavut because: Wanted their own territory so that they could

start making decisions for themselves. They needed their own government.

Wanted control of their land—for many years Canada had used the resources of the Arctic without asking the Inuit

Inuit still live the same way that their ancestors did—they use traditional methods for survival