Green chips: a new era for the
semiconductor industry
René Penning de Vries
CTO - NXP Semiconductors
CICC, San José, 20th September - 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 2
We just have one planet…
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 2
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 3
We just have one planet…
(Source: WWF Living Planet Report 2006)
Russia
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 3
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 4
1. Energy
2. Water
3. Food
4. Environment
5. Poverty
6. Terrorism & war
7. Disease
8. Education
9. Democracy
10. PopulationSource: MIT Forum 2003
2003: 6.3 billion people
2050: ~10 billion people
with many problems to solve…
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 4
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Mega Trends in electronics can help…
Security
Energy
Efficiency
Health
Connected
Mobile
Devices
Secure & private, fit for purpose, low power
Sustainable, energy efficient
Affordable, personalized, self-diagnostics
Connected: always and anywhere, comfortable & safe
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 6
And the electronics industry adapts …by going green
Samsung eco phone
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 6
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Mega Trends in electronics
Energy
Efficiency
• Efficient power conversion & management
• CFL and LED lighting and TV-back-lighting solutions
• Energy conservation: e-metering, smart appliances
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 7
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Electricity:
17,000 TWh (12%)
Yearly Global Energy Consumption (TeraWattHour)
Residential
Electricity:
5,000 TWh (4%)
Consumer
Electronics:
700 TWh (0.5%)
Total Energy
Consumption:
140,000 TWh Smart chips can help reduce electricity
consumption in end-applications
8
Source: IEA & DoE
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
Energy used during
chip operation
UseManufacturing
9
Application
Energy used by all electric
appliances
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy used during
chip operation
Energy used by all electric
appliances
Energy consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
UseManufacturing
10
Application
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
????
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
Energy used during
chip operation
UseManufacturing
11
Application
Energy used by all electric
appliances
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
• NXP‟s mnfg power
consumption : ~1TWh/yr.
• World: est~50TWh/yr
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
Energy used during
chip operation
UseManufacturing
12
Application
Energy used by all electric
appliances
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
WW: est. ~50 TWh/y ????
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
What do all ICs in the world consume?
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 13
Data are estimates by NXP
Annual semiconductor business: 250 * 109 $
@ 2500 $ ASP / 8” wafer: 108 8” wafers
Making an overall silicon area of: 3 * 1010 cm2 produced / year
Estimated active power consumption 1 Watt/ cm2 3 * 1010 Watt
@ 2 hrs / day processing 25 TWh/year
@ application lifetime of 5 years: 125 TWh/year electricity
consumption for all Ics
(~1% of all electricity consumed)
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
UseManufacturing
14
Application
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
Energy used during
chip operation
Energy used by all electric
appliances
~1%
All chips: 125 TWh/y Overall: 17.000 TWh/yWW: est. ~50 TWh/y
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Power consumption and the IC life cycle
Electric energy used for
chip production
UseManufacturing
15
Application
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
Energy used during
chip operation
Energy used by all electric
appliances
Chips use some energy, but can bring
huge energy savings in appliances!
All chips: 125 TWh/y Overall: 17.000 TWh/yWW: est. ~50 TWh/y
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Saving electricity, in the big picture …
World Primary Energy Consumption 140.000 TWh/yr
Conversion of Primary Energy Electricity ~30-40%
Energy-Smart appliances make sense!
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 16
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
17CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
18CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Personal
Computing
Consumer
Electronics
Notebook/
Netbook
Desktop PC/
LCD monitor
All-In-One
PC
LCD TV/
PDP
STB+ Video
systems
Audio systemsGaming
consolesMobile phone
chargers
Printers
Key Growth DriversOngoing demand for greater levels of
energy efficiency
Higher level of integration, increasing
silicon content
Fast LED penetration in Display backlight
Focus applicationsDrive for energy efficiency
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 19
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Global chargers market
Unit CAGR '07-'13 = 6%
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 20
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Increasing sophistication Increasing
efficiencyBefore 1970; Linear power supplies
1970 Switched mode power supplies– Built with discrete semiconductor components
1980 Power supply IC’s– Convert power in a more efficient way, drive miniaturization
1990 Smart power supply IC’s – Automatically switch between most optimal power conversion modes and frequencies,
increasing power efficiencies at all power levels, special attention for standby power reduction
2000 System management– Power supply management; Systems dictate standby modes to power supplies. Dedicated
standby converters
– Intelligent power supplies that detect standby power modes autonomous, standby functionality
integrated in smart power supply IC‟s
2010 IC consumption management– Managing the internal power consumption of power management IC‟s
– Networks control connected devices
– Energy grid management; Switch appliances on and off from remote locations
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 21
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Efficiency: a function of load/ mains voltage
High efficiency across full load range, excellent performance at low load
Extremely high efficiency, 25% loading level in line with EPA2.0
Flyback topologies: TEA1751+ TEA1791
LLC resonant topologies: TEA1713 + TEA1795
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 22
Mains input 100.0% 75.0% 50.0% 25.0% 17.5% 10.0%
90V / 60Hz 89.31 90.06 89.99 90.22 89.81 88.88
100V / 50Hz 89.70 90.41 90.24 90.43 90.11 89.06
115V / 60Hz 90.43 90.97 90.58 90.99 90.48 89.38
230V / 50Hz 90.61 90.04 87.74 90.54 89.74 88.09
Efficiency GreenChip-3 + GreenChip-SR [90W / 19.5V]
Efficiency GreenChip Resonant + GreenChip SR (90W / 19.5V)
Mains input 100% 75% 50% 25%
115V / 60Hz 92.9 92.6 91.7 87.5
230V / 50Hz 94.2 93.8 92.7 88.0
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
EnergySTAR EPS and State-of-the-Art Solutions
EPS 1.1>10W supplies
EPS 1.10-10W supplies
EPS 2.050-250W supplies
EPS 2.00-50W supplies
No load power requirements
Efficiency
requirements
84%
87%
90%
0,75W 0,50W 0,30W 0,10W 0,01W
93%
EPS 1.1 effective 1.1.2005
EPS 2.0 effective 1.7.2009
Current
performance Green IC solutions
(e.g. NXP GreenChip)
Green IC solutions in
development
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 23
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
30mW active switching power @ no-load
An additional output controller senses the
power demand and switches the AC side off
(*) when possible and on when needed(*the primary control IC remains operational/biased)
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 24
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Breaking the <10mW barrier AUTONOMOUS No-load input power of <10mW
Rpre-load
Rinrush
Drain
SourceGND
FB
VCC
TEA1721
adapter cable charging port
Total NO-LOAD performance 10mW!
VCC=20V
I=0.1mA
2mW
3mW
FB sensing
Only dissipating during
Prim+sec stroke
0.1mW
Elcap 10u 400V
10uA,325V (estimation)
3.2mW
Vsec=5V
I=0.4mA
2mW
3mW
Snubber
0.9uJ, 220V zener, 625Hz
0.6mW
Prectifier
0.1uA(40C),325V, 2x
0.1mW
25CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
IC in normal operation
(all circuits biased);
Icc= 1mA
Vcc=20V
P dissipated in IC = 20mW
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Tswitch
Tburst
Vout-peak reaches control value in several cycles
End of burstStart of burst
Minimum supply current for Energy Save
1 2 3 1
Vout
Iprimary
Low active
current
Isupply
Ultra Low Isupply between bursts
IC switches to minimum supply current: Energy Save Mode
Start of next burst
26
Breaking the <10mW barrier Greenchip Energy Saving Mode
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
IC in Energy Save mode (IC switches only biases essential functionality);
Icc average = 100uA, Vcc=20V P dissipated in IC = 2mW
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
GreenChip energy balance in power supplies
27CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
Typical energy gain in average conditions: ~5-10 W
Typical energy consumption by GreenChip set itself: ~0.5 W
Energy Return-On-Investment: factor 10 – 20!
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
28CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Sun as our energy source…
“Every 6 hours, enough sunlight energy reaches the Earth
to meet the world‟s energy demand for a whole year”
So, only 0.07% of the energy in sunlight would need to be
harnessed to cover mankind‟s total energy needs
1 - U.S. Department of Energy
1.9 x 108 TWh / yr
(onto land)
1.3 x 105 TWh / yr
energy usedsunlight
29CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
From PV-cells to PV modules and array
To increase their utility (Voltage,
Current and Power), dozens of
individual PV cells are
interconnected together in a
sealed, weatherproof package
called a module.
PV-Cell PV-Module/PV-Panel PV-Array
To achieve the desired voltage1
and current, modules are wired
in series and parallel into what
is called a PV array.
30CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 31
Shading kills efficiency in solar panels
National Semiconductor Solar Magic
Even shade on a few cells can
take out complete panel!
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 31
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Shading in real-life conditions
Common shade sources:
• Trees, chimneys, antennas,
building parts,…
• Residential and commercial
• Even small shaded area (e.g. 10%) can reduce
output power significantly (>30%)
32CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Experimental dataPower losses depending on shaded area
Power loss for Series 1x9 Power loss for Parallel 3x3
Shaded area
(%) Experimental data Experimental data
11.1% 12.6% 29.2%
13.9% 22.2% 36.8%
12.5% 18.3% 17.0%
11.1% 35.6% 30.5%
33CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Typical PV system set-up Grid-tied configuration
• PV module= 32..72 cells in series
• String=many series-connected
current sources
• PV system= parallel strings of
series-connected PV modules
• Central inverter: performs DC/AC
power conversion and tracks MPPT
of the system
• Result: Even at system MPP, string
current is limited by output current of
weakest cell
Inverter
PV
module
ACDC
+
-
Str
ing
= ~
array
34CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Inverter
PV
module
ACDC
+
-
Str
ing
= ~
Improving the power output of a PV system
= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC
= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC
= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC
= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC
= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC= == =
Converter
DCDC
Add DC-DC converter per
module:• More converters to be added
but more power gain because
more granular control
This is the first focus area of the
NXP distributed power
management solutions for PV
applications
D-Converter
35CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Quantification of NXP-concept valueField trial setup
-
+
DC/AC
Measurement box
PDC PAC
AC
lin
e
Eh
tern
et
Reference string
-
+
DC/AC
Measurement box
PDC PAC123456789101112
123456789101112
NXP delta-converter string
Panel converter connector (needed for D)
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Quantification of NXP-concept valueField trial setup
Chimney shade
Simulate dust/soiling
Energy
June 22, 2010: duct-tape and chimney
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0:00:00 4:48:00 9:36:00 14:24:00 19:12:00 0:00:00
time
En
erg
y [
KW
h]
E-ref
E-nxp
Energy gain %
June 22, 2010: duct-tape and chimney
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
0:00:00 4:48:00 9:36:00 14:24:00 19:12:00 0:00:00
time
En
erg
y [
KW
h]
delta-E%
30%
Energy - reference
Energy – w Delta-Conv
Energy gain (%)
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 37
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy Return-on-investment delta-converter
Nominal Power: 4kWp installation
Location: Venice, with optimal slope, south oriented
Shading: small chimney for max 2 hours
Expected energy production/year: 5.000 kWh
38CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
Typical energy gain in average conditions: ~80-160kWh
Typical energy consumption by Delta-converter itself: ~6kWh
Energy Return-On-Investment: factor 10 – 30!
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
39CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Breakdown of domestic electricity use
Lighting consumes about 19% of the
global electricity *)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
com
pute
rs
cook
ing
elec
tronics
wash
ing/dry
ing
refriger
ation
cooling
light
ing
wate
r hea
t
heatin
g
othe
r
KW
h/y
ear/
ho
useh
old
USA (2001)
EU-15 (2004)
NL (2005)
EU-12 new
members (2004)
40CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
Source: EIA
*) World Watch Institute, Oct 2008
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Efficacy (Lumen/Watt) trends
Source: Datapoint 2008
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 41
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Lamp technology comparison: Efficacy
CRI = Color Rendering Index (max. 100)
Example LED‟s in production (general lighting)
Example LED‟s in research (general lighting)
Source: Datapoint 2008
42CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Regulation Kicks in: (EC) No 244/200918 March 2009: implementing Directive 2005/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
with regard to eco-design requirements for non-directional household lamps
Functionality
parameter
Stage 1: September 2009 Stage 5: September 2013
Lamp survival factor at
6000 h
≥ 0,50 ≥ 0,70
Lumen maintenance At 2 000 h: ≥ 85 % (≥ 80 % for lamps with
second lamp envelope)
At 2 000 h: ≥ 88 % (≥ 83 % for lamps with
second lamp envelope)
At 6 000 h: ≥ 70 %
Number of switching
cycles before failure
≥ half the lamp lifetime expressed in hours
≥ 10 000 if lamp starting time > 0,3 s
≥ lamp lifetime expressed in hours
≥ 30 000 if lamp starting time > 0,3 s
Starting time < 2,0 s < 1,5 s if P < 10 W
< 1,0 s if P ≥ 10 W
Lamp warm-up time to
60 % Φ
< 60 s or < 120 s for lamps containing
mercury in amalgam form
< 40 s or < 100 s for lamps containing
mercury in amalgam form
Premature failure rate ≤ 2,0 % at 200 h ≤ 2,0 % at 400 h
Lamp power factor ≥ 0,50 if P < 25 W
≥ 0,90 if P ≥ 25 W
≥ 0,55 if P < 25 W
≥ 0,90 if P ≥ 25 W
Requires pre-heat
Needs
compensation for
aging burner
Requires boosting
Needs pre-heat
and protection
features
Key IC
advantages
Active Power
Factor corrections
(>25W)
43CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 44
Challenges for Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)
1. Cost reduction– Leading to broader acceptance
2. Miniaturization– Less volume of electronics and burner to meet form factor of incandescent
lamps
3. Dimmable– Compliant with installed wall dimmers made for incandescent lamps
4. Quality improvements– Increased lifetime from 6khrs to 15khrs– Less early failures in the field – Shorter run-up time– Constant lumen output over life– Less impact of on/off switching cycles on lifetime– Better power factor
• (Supported by new regulations (EU: 2009, US: 2008, SuperCFL)
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
CFL innovations in multiple directions
Generation
Features
Old discrete
solution
Today: Cost
optimized (NXP’s Dragon)
First IC
solution
Today:
Performance
optimized (NXP’s Phoenix)
Cost 0 ++ + +
Form factor 100% 70% 80% 70%
Dimmable Impossible Not available Down to 10% Down to 1%
Quality &
Reliability- ++ + ++
Non-dimmable Dimmable
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 45
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 46
CFL startup states controlled
Protections Preheat Ignition Quick start, transition & burn state
Capacitive mode X X
Coil saturation X
Overcurrent X
Overtemperature X
Quick start state
Lamp
drive
frequency
time
Dimmer regulated frequency
Ign
itio
n
sta
te100%
Burn state
1%
start freq
(>100kHz)
preheat freq
Preheat state
Dimming
RMS
Lamp
current1%
100%
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 47
Optimized quasi pre-heat
Starting frequency can be set by Rosc/Cosc
Minimum frequency is set by Rsw or voltage divider
Pre-heat time can be set by Csw
Fre
qu
en
cy
fila
me
nt cu
rre
nt
pre
he
at e
ne
rgy
Starting at100 kHz
Starting at75 kHz
Igniting at65 kHz
Time600 ms
Preheat time
Ignition
Burn
Lifetime extension in CFL
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
48CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 49
LED is the future
LED lighting is booming
LED lighting segment: 5 Billions USD by
2014 (83% HB-White and 17% “high-
end” RGB) *)
Thermal management is a must
– ~75% input energy turns into heat
– LED performance AND lifetime depends
heavily on LED junction temperature
Heat sink
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
*) Databeans July 2009
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Requirements for LED drivers
High energy efficiency low heat
dissipation small form factor
Stable color performance
Deep dimming, compliant to existing wall
dimmers
Cost-competitive
Long lifetime
One solution for isolated and non-isolated
lamp designs
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 50
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 51
RGB LEDs and High Brightness White LED
C
Red
Green
Blue
x1,y1
x2,y2
x3,y3
xc,yc
HB White: Blue LED + Yellow Phosphor
+ Low cost
+ Lower control complexity
- No color adjustment possible
- Poor color rendering
RGB LEDs
+ Can make any color within the triangular
+ Good color rendering
- Higher cost
- Control complexity
Popular
High-end
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 52
LED lights get hot: Shift happens
25°C
50°C
85°C
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 53
Conventional LED driving method Pulse Width Modulation Rules
Color mixing Brightness scaling
IT
tt
DC =t
TX 100%
Constant current
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
External bleeder transistors External Power Mos
LED Drivers solutions exist…
External bleeder transistors External Power Mos
Isolated 7W isolated dimmable LED driver
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 54
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 55
Next Generation: Smart LED driver
Conventional LED driving method
sensors Thermal modeling
Compensation calc.LED driver
Tj determinationDrive currents
LED control model
force
sense
Next generation: Driver that senses the LED performance and adjusts the
driving conditions accordingly
Smart LED driver
- High Cost
- Complex system
- Slow response
- Less accurate
- Save system cost
- No sensor
- Very fast response
- Accurate
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1100.000
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.010
0.012
0.014
D
elta u
'v'
Temperature [oC]
Human Eye Detection Limit
Open Loop
Temp Feed Forward
Flux Feed Back
Flux Feed Back + Temp Feed Forward
Color Coordinations Feed Back
Our results
56
Results of next generation LED drivers
Control accuracy using direct Tj measurement versus conventional
close loop controls
Human eye color resolution limit
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 57
Robust, HV-IC process technologies required
EZ-HV LDMOS technology ABCD – SOI technology
120-700V HV-SOI technology, 1500C max
NDMOS with Rds(on) of 8 mm2 @ 700V
MHz switching capability because of reduced parasitic capacitance
One process for 12-120 V range
Rds(on) of 300 mm2 @ 100V
Extremely robust: EMC, EMI, ESD, High Temperature
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Energy
Examples:
• Power conversion in chargers
• Making solar panels more efficient
• Dealing with CFL lighting drawbacks
• LED drivers
• Smart Grid
Some chip applications for energy efficiency
58CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Smart Grid Application drivers
HANFAN/NANWAN
Remote reading, remote (dis)connect, tampering & theft
protection, pre-paymentAMI
Active load management, Dynamic pricingDemand Response
Intermittent alternative energy sources, 2-way use of grid,
distributed energy storage, micro-grids
Distributed Energy
Generation
Efficient charging, Roaming, Vehicle-to-GridElectric Vehicles
Power layer
Communications layer
Eg Dynamic transformer voltage managementGrid Optimization
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 59
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Smart Home is part of Smart Grid
Smart
Elec.
Smart
Water
Appliances
Temperature
Light
Wind Turbine
Solar Panel
Smart
Gas
Home displays
TV, Computer
In-Home
Energy
Display
Breakes Valves
Gateway
Data centers
Smart metering devices
Smart home devices
Distributed electricity
generation and storage Displays
Communication hub
Hybrid car
Com
munic
atio
n
hub
Hybrid carSmart Elec.
Contactless Contact
Card readers
IP NetworkIndependent service
providers
Smart
Heat
Concentrator
Sensors
CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010 60
•Bill entity
•Distribution network operators
•Law enforcement
• Added value services…
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Lighting in a Smart HomeSystem Architecture
AC/DC
standby
AC mains
Trans-
ceiveruC
on/off dim3.3V
remote control
RF link
Capacitive
converter
CFL or LED
Driver
61CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
gateway
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Conclusions
„‟Green‟‟ has become a major innovation
driver for the IC industry
Smart chips (Greenchips!) make an
excellent energy “Return-On-
Investment”!
High-Performance Mixed-Signal products
are making the difference.
62CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Thank you!
63CICC - René Penning de Vries – 20 Sept. 2010