Federal AviationAdministrationGlobal Navigation
Satellite Systems (GNSS) for Aviation
United Nations International Committee on GNSS
1 - 2 December, 2005
Ken Alexander United States (US)
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Federal AviationAdministration
2
GNSS Aviation Integrity• Using ICAO GNSS Implementation Strategy and ICAO
Standards and Recommended Practices
• GPS Aviation Use Approved for Over a Decade– Aircraft Based Augmentation Systems (ABAS) – (e.g. RAIM)
• Space Based Augmentation System (SBAS) since 2003– Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) augmenting GPS
• Development of GNSS Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) Continues– Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)
• GNSS is Cornerstone for National Airspace System
Federal AviationAdministration
3
GPS (ABAS) Aviation Receivers
• Over 16,000 * Commercial Air Carrier Instrument Flight
Rated (IFR) GPS Receivers Sold (as of 2003)
• Additional 70,000 – 80,000 * General Aviation IFR GPS
receivers sold
* U.S. manufacturer sales only (does not include units limited to visual
situational awareness)
Federal AviationAdministration
4
Federal AviationAdministration
5
422
GPS Aviation Ops Approvals
Federal AviationAdministration
6
Space Based Augmentation System (e.g. WAAS) • Enhanced Navigation for All Phases of Flight
– Enroute, Arrival, and Departure: Provides Navigation Services to Users Not Currently Served by Land Based Navigation Aids
– Increases Availability of GNSS– Vertically Guided Aircraft Approach:
• Enhances Safety by Providing Vertical Guidance• No Ground Hardware Required at Airport• Allows Instrument Operations to All Capable Airports• Supports Every Runway in Coverage Area
• Provides Safety of Life Integrity Services today– Use Expanding Globally
• SBAS Can Augment Multiple Satellite Navigation System Constellations
Federal AviationAdministration
7
SBAS (WAAS) Architecture
Federal AviationAdministration
8
SBAS Avionics• Currently Available
– Garmin GNS-480/CNX-80 ~ 4000 units sold• In Development
– Garmin 430/530 Upgrade – Available Fall 2006
• 50,000 units sold and eligible for upgrade– Free Flight – Available 2006
• Panel Mount Receiver and LPV capable sensor
– Avidyne, Chelton, CMC, Universal, Thales, and Honeywell expect to have units available 2006/2007
• Development of Rockwell Collins Unit– Supports high end users, available Nov 2006– WAAS Upgrade for Challenger 604 (FAA flight
inspection aircraft) available June 2007
Federal AviationAdministration
9
Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS)
• U.S. Approach to ICAO Strategy for Interoperable GBAS is Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)
• Provides Navigation Signal to Support Most Demanding Approach Requirements
• One LAAS Ground Station Can Cover Entire Airport to Provide Precision Guidance
– Approach and Departure Procedures to All Runway Ends
– Surface Movement (Taxi operations)
Federal AviationAdministration
10
GBAS (LAAS) Architecture
Federal AviationAdministration
11
GBAS International Cooperation• International Service Providers Need Precision
Approach capability (200 to zero foot Decision Height)– FAA, Airservices Australia, AENA/Spain, and DFS/Germany Have
Ongoing Contract Activities
• International GBAS Working Group established – With European Service Providers, EUROCONTROL and Industry
• Boeing & Airbus Joined in Support of GBAS– Boeing B-737NG Certified With GBAS Avionics – Airbus A-380 to be Certified
• International GBAS Development Activities– Airservices Australia Interested in cooperation with FAA to Leverage
U.S. GBAS Technology Investments to provide initial ops capability – Germany and Spain Interested in use of resulting product
Federal AviationAdministration
12
Performance-Based Navigation Benefits:• Enhanced Safety
• Increased Capacity
• Reduced Delays
• Increased Flight Efficiencies
• Increased Schedule Predictability
• Environmentally Beneficial Procedures
StreamlinedDepartures
Vector-FreeArrivals
All-WeatherApproaches
StreamlinedDepartures
Efficient, Flexible Routing
Vector-FreeArrivals
All-WeatherApproaches
Federal AviationAdministration
13
Summary• GPS: Robust and Operating above Standards;
Modernized System will Meet Aviation Needs • SBAS: WAAS Commissioned for Instrument Use and
Incrementally Adding Capability– Supports Performance Based Airspace Capability– Benefits All Classes of Aviation Users– Enhances Navigation for All Phases of Flight– Receivers Available Today, More Coming Next 3 Years
• GBAS (LAAS)– Continuing to investigate Technical Approach
• Performance Based Navigation– U.S. Committed to Performance Based Systems Transitions
Leveraging Aircraft and Aviation Infrastructure Investments
Federal AviationAdministration
14
BACKUPS
Federal AviationAdministration
http://gps.faa.gov