European Commission D G Development
Linking Relief with Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development Rehabilitation and Development
for Food Securityfor Food Security
The European Commission’s Policies and Practices
European Commission D G Development
Humanitarian Food Assistance Humanitarian Food Assistance CommunicationCommunication
CONSULTATION
Commission Consultation (ECHO, DEV, RELEX, AIDCO, RELEX, JRC)
Specific coherence with DEV’s food-security Communication
Availability, access, utilisation.Nutrition.Disaster Risk Reduction.Disaster Management.LRRD.
External Consultation (member states, other donors, partners, research/academics)
Questionnaire (Jan ’09) and Stakeholders’ Roundtable (June ’09)
ADOPTION – March 31st 2010
COUNCIL CONCLUSIONS AGREED – May 11th 2010
European Commission D G Development
From FOOD AID to FOOD ASSISTANCEFrom FOOD AID to FOOD ASSISTANCE
Addressing availability, access, and utilisation of quality food.
Acknowledging the importance of other non-food dimensions (e.g. public health, education) in determining nutritional outcomes and vulnerability.
Understanding the role of livelihoods and coping strategies.
Delivering more appropriate and effective assistance, based on diversified responses using a variety of potential tools (eg cash, agricultural inputs, food).
European Commission D G Development
Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian AssistanceAssistance
Appropriate, needs-based responses, based on holistic understanding of symptoms and causes.
Centrality of livelihoods in emergencies. Livelihood reinforcement, protection and recovery
Principle of “do no harm”.Protecting markets
Avoiding dependency
Minimising environmental and conflict risks
Seize concurrent opportunities to benefit local farmers and promote self-reliance (but not an entry-point).
Local / regional procurementProtect / strengthen local capacities for self-reliance and coping, and national capacities for disaster mitigation
European Commission D G Development
Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian AssistanceAssistance
Mainstream Disaster Risk Reduction in Humanitarian Food AssistanceDisaster-risk analysis in food assistance assessments.
Short-term reinforcement of early-warning systems.
Disaster-proofing and building back better)
Consideration of Comparative AdvantageLimitations of humanitarian instruments (timeframe, predictability, national partnerships)
For chronic needs and DRR and disaster management – development actors more appropriate.
Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development (LRRD)Optimal coverage of coexisting humanitarian and development needs in contiguum and/or continuum.
AdvocacyState responsibilities; development actors as per comparative advantage; good governance; conducive trade policies.
CoordinationEmergency Food Security Cluster with links to global governance architecture.
European Commission D G Development
Food Security CommunicationFood Security CommunicationTitle: ‘An EU Policy Framework to assist developing countries in addressing food security challenges’
Adopted by Commission on 31 March 2010 (COM(2010)127
Agreed to by EU Ministers 10-11 May 2011
Comprehensive approach, addressing all four pillars of food security
Focus on countries most-off track in reaching MDG1; predominantly Africa; often fragile situations
Small-scale agriculture important -> invest in sustainable and ‘ecologically efficient’ intensification
European Commission D G Development
Crisis Prevention and Management in Crisis Prevention and Management in DevelopmentDevelopment
Building resilience of (rural) communities, e.g. through
Invest in productive capacities
Small-farmer oriented research & extension
Develop (flexible) safety nets
Expand use of insurance mechanisms
European Commission D G Development
Crisis Prevention and Management in Crisis Prevention and Management in DevelopmentDevelopment
Enhance crisis preparedness
Improve food security information system (decision-oriented; incorporating local information)
Build crisis management capacities
Regional integration
Reduce price volatility
Enhance food stocks & management (including at local level, through warehouse receipts systems, and through reduction in post-harvest losses)
Improve market functioning and transparency at national and regional levels
European Commission D G Development
LRRD in ActionLRRD in Action
Drought Management in KenyaDrought Management in Kenya
EDF Drought Management Initiative
{IX EDF (EUR 17.7M) 2007/2013}
and
ECHO Drought Preparedness Programme
and Emergency Response Activities
European Commission D G Development
BackgroundBackground
Devastating socio-economic impact of recurrent drought (+100M$ of losses / dry year).
Assets of communities undermined.
Political willingness from Government to address the problem.
But difficulties for preparing effective and timely response once confronted with the crisis – hence need for ECHO and humanitarian actors.
European Commission D G Development
EC : Kenya Partnership on Drought EC : Kenya Partnership on Drought ManagementManagement
Support to a Drought Contingency Fund (DCF) managed by the WB.
Support for improving capacities of bodies involved in policy formulation and in drought management planning (+ awareness + work on the relevant legislations).
Support to flexible community-based projects implemented by humanitarian partners.
European Commission D G Development
Activities of the D.C.FActivities of the D.C.FFocus on the most arid and marginalised parts of Kenya.
Rely on District Steering Groups who receive money to implement their contingency plans.
The projects financed can include different types of investments:
Emergency livestock purchase, animal slaughter and meat distribution, Food and cash for work programmesVeterinary interventionsHuman healtHWater suppliesEducation (keeping children at school)Rapid response to conflictNational parks and reserves for grazing Seed distributionStockpiling cerealsSupplementary feeding of livestockTree plantingRapid needs assessments
European Commission D G Development
Coordination and Capacity BuildingCoordination and Capacity Building
Close coordination mechanism between all drought management institutions.
DCF funding
Support to District Steering Groups.
Support to the formulation and adoption of contingency plans and policy documents.
ECHO funding
Grass roots capacity building to inform District Steering Committees and Contingency Plans, and to provide additional implementation capacity.
European Commission D G Development
LRRD Continuum and Contiguum LRRD Continuum and Contiguum EnsuredEnsured
DCF and ECHO grants for H+ projects (preparedness, resilience, risk reduction) through locally based humanitarian implementing agencies:
to ensure flexibility to switch between prevention, preparedness, emergency response and recovery according to the situation.
to pilot innovative approaches that can be replicated/scaled up by development actors once they prove their efficiency and effectiveness.
European Commission D G Development
Humanitarian/Development Partnership Humanitarian/Development Partnership ImprovedImproved
ECHO funded preparedness and emergency response for 2009 drought were closely coordinated with the Drought Contingency Fund.
Constructive dialogue with humanitarian actors on the use of available development instruments for continuity and complementarity:
a) Food facility -picking up ECHO funded projects,
b) On-going discussion on the Water Facility,
c) Call for proposal for Non-State actors.