European CommissionD G Development Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development for Food Security The European Commission’s Policies and Practices

European Commission D G Development

Linking Relief with Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development Rehabilitation and Development

for Food Securityfor Food Security

The European Commission’s Policies and Practices


Humanitarian Food Assistance Humanitarian Food Assistance CommunicationCommunication

CONSULTATION

Commission Consultation (ECHO, DEV, RELEX, AIDCO, RELEX, JRC)

Specific coherence with DEV’s food-security Communication

Availability, access, utilisation.Nutrition.Disaster Risk Reduction.Disaster Management.LRRD.

External Consultation (member states, other donors, partners, research/academics)

Questionnaire (Jan ’09) and Stakeholders’ Roundtable (June ’09)

ADOPTION – March 31st 2010

COUNCIL CONCLUSIONS AGREED – May 11th 2010


From FOOD AID to FOOD ASSISTANCEFrom FOOD AID to FOOD ASSISTANCE

Addressing availability, access, and utilisation of quality food.

Acknowledging the importance of other non-food dimensions (e.g. public health, education) in determining nutritional outcomes and vulnerability.

Understanding the role of livelihoods and coping strategies.

Delivering more appropriate and effective assistance, based on diversified responses using a variety of potential tools (eg cash, agricultural inputs, food).


Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian AssistanceAssistance

Appropriate, needs-based responses, based on holistic understanding of symptoms and causes.

Centrality of livelihoods in emergencies. Livelihood reinforcement, protection and recovery

Principle of “do no harm”.Protecting markets

Avoiding dependency

Minimising environmental and conflict risks

Seize concurrent opportunities to benefit local farmers and promote self-reliance (but not an entry-point).

Local / regional procurementProtect / strengthen local capacities for self-reliance and coping, and national capacities for disaster mitigation


Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian Developmentally Sensitive Humanitarian AssistanceAssistance

Mainstream Disaster Risk Reduction in Humanitarian Food AssistanceDisaster-risk analysis in food assistance assessments.

Short-term reinforcement of early-warning systems.

Disaster-proofing and building back better)

Consideration of Comparative AdvantageLimitations of humanitarian instruments (timeframe, predictability, national partnerships)

For chronic needs and DRR and disaster management – development actors more appropriate.

Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development (LRRD)Optimal coverage of coexisting humanitarian and development needs in contiguum and/or continuum.

AdvocacyState responsibilities; development actors as per comparative advantage; good governance; conducive trade policies.

CoordinationEmergency Food Security Cluster with links to global governance architecture.


Food Security CommunicationFood Security CommunicationTitle: ‘An EU Policy Framework to assist developing countries in addressing food security challenges’

Adopted by Commission on 31 March 2010 (COM(2010)127

Agreed to by EU Ministers 10-11 May 2011

Comprehensive approach, addressing all four pillars of food security

Focus on countries most-off track in reaching MDG1; predominantly Africa; often fragile situations

Small-scale agriculture important -> invest in sustainable and ‘ecologically efficient’ intensification


Crisis Prevention and Management in Crisis Prevention and Management in DevelopmentDevelopment

Building resilience of (rural) communities, e.g. through

Invest in productive capacities

Small-farmer oriented research & extension

Develop (flexible) safety nets

Expand use of insurance mechanisms


Crisis Prevention and Management in Crisis Prevention and Management in DevelopmentDevelopment

Enhance crisis preparedness

Improve food security information system (decision-oriented; incorporating local information)

Build crisis management capacities

Regional integration

Reduce price volatility

Enhance food stocks & management (including at local level, through warehouse receipts systems, and through reduction in post-harvest losses)

Improve market functioning and transparency at national and regional levels


LRRD in ActionLRRD in Action

Drought Management in KenyaDrought Management in Kenya

EDF Drought Management Initiative

{IX EDF (EUR 17.7M) 2007/2013}

and

ECHO Drought Preparedness Programme

and Emergency Response Activities


BackgroundBackground

Devastating socio-economic impact of recurrent drought (+100M$ of losses / dry year).

Assets of communities undermined.

Political willingness from Government to address the problem.

But difficulties for preparing effective and timely response once confronted with the crisis – hence need for ECHO and humanitarian actors.


EC : Kenya Partnership on Drought EC : Kenya Partnership on Drought ManagementManagement

Support to a Drought Contingency Fund (DCF) managed by the WB.

Support for improving capacities of bodies involved in policy formulation and in drought management planning (+ awareness + work on the relevant legislations).

Support to flexible community-based projects implemented by humanitarian partners.


Activities of the D.C.FActivities of the D.C.FFocus on the most arid and marginalised parts of Kenya.

Rely on District Steering Groups who receive money to implement their contingency plans.

The projects financed can include different types of investments:

Emergency livestock purchase, animal slaughter and meat distribution, Food and cash for work programmesVeterinary interventionsHuman healtHWater suppliesEducation (keeping children at school)Rapid response to conflictNational parks and reserves for grazing Seed distributionStockpiling cerealsSupplementary feeding of livestockTree plantingRapid needs assessments


Coordination and Capacity BuildingCoordination and Capacity Building

Close coordination mechanism between all drought management institutions.

DCF funding

Support to District Steering Groups.

Support to the formulation and adoption of contingency plans and policy documents.

ECHO funding

Grass roots capacity building to inform District Steering Committees and Contingency Plans, and to provide additional implementation capacity.


LRRD Continuum and Contiguum LRRD Continuum and Contiguum EnsuredEnsured

DCF and ECHO grants for H+ projects (preparedness, resilience, risk reduction) through locally based humanitarian implementing agencies:

to ensure flexibility to switch between prevention, preparedness, emergency response and recovery according to the situation.

to pilot innovative approaches that can be replicated/scaled up by development actors once they prove their efficiency and effectiveness.


Humanitarian/Development Partnership Humanitarian/Development Partnership ImprovedImproved

ECHO funded preparedness and emergency response for 2009 drought were closely coordinated with the Drought Contingency Fund.

Constructive dialogue with humanitarian actors on the use of available development instruments for continuity and complementarity:

a) Food facility -picking up ECHO funded projects,

b) On-going discussion on the Water Facility,

c) Call for proposal for Non-State actors.

Documents

European CommissionD G Development Linking Relief with Rehabilitation and Development for Food Security The European Commission’s Policies and Practices