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Licence details
RMS Publishing Limited
Victoria House, Lower High Street, Stourbridge DY8 1TA
ACT Associates Limited.
First Edition September 2007.
All rights reserved. No part of this presentation may be stored in a retrieval system, reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers.
This presentation may not be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of by way of trade in any form other than that in which it is published,without the prior consent of the Publishers.
This presentation may not be reproduced in any form without prior consent of the Publishers other than a single copy thumbnai l handout forimmediate use by the tutor.
Whilst every effort is made to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the information contained herein, RMS/ACT can bear no liability for anyomission or error.
Issued to: Strabag
Single LicenceLicence No: 860409
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Unit IGC1
Management ofInternational health
and safety
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Element 8
Occupational incident and
accident investigation,
recording and reporting
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8.1 Explain the purpose of, and procedures for,
investigating occupational incidents
(accidents, cases of work-related ill-health
and other occurrences)
8.2 Describe the organisational requirements for
recording and reporting such incidents
Learning outcomes
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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8.1 Theprocess and purpose of investigating
occupational incidents
8.2 The organisational requirements for
recording and reporting occupational
incidents
Contents of element
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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8.1 Theprocess and purpose of investigating
occupational incidents
8.2 The organisational requirements for
recording and reporting occupational
incidents
Contents of element
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Role and function of investigation of accidents Different types of incident
Basic accident investigation procedures
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records and
checklists
Identifying immediate and (root) underlying causes
Identifying remedial actions
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
O
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Role and function of investigation of accidents
Why investigate?
Role of investigation
Function of investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigationThe process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
O ti l i id t d id t i ti ti
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Humane
Economic
Legal
Why investigate?
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Role and function of investigation of accidents
O ti l i id t d id t i ti ti
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Establish what happened
Identify measures to prevent a recurrence
Establish legal and/or worker compensation liability
Data gathering
Identification of trends
Determine the causes of what happened, including
underlying causes
Role of investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigationThe process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Role and function of investigation of accidents
O ti l i id t d id t i ti ti
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Need to establish the causes
Identify weaknesses in current systems
Determine economic losses
Recommend actions to prevent a recurrence
Determine compliance with statutory requirements
Improve staff relations
Acquire statistics Prepare for criminal/civil action and provide
insurance/worker compensation data
Function of investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigationThe process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Role and function of investigation of accidents
O ti l i id t d id t i ti ti
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Outcome
Injury
Ill-health
Dangerous occurrence Near-miss
Damage only
Incident
Different types of incident
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Approach to investigation
Preparing for the investigation
Training for the reporting of accidents / incidents
Scope and depth of investigation Types of investigations
Investigation guidelines
Summary of actions to be taken
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Approach to investigation Step 1: Gathering the information
Step 2: Analysing the information
Step 3: Identifying suitable risk control measures
Step 4: The action plan and its implementation
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Preparing for the investigation Determine who should be involved
Ensure that the accident scene remains undisturbed
Collate all relevant existing documents
Identify the persons (witnesses)
Check legal reporting requirements have been met
Ascertain the equipment that will be needed
Determine the style and depth of the investigation
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occ pational incident and accident in estigation
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Training for the reporting of accidents / incidents Importance of reporting accidents
Types of incident
Lines of reporting
How to complete internal documents and forms
How to report to external organisations
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Scope and depth of investigation All accidents should be investigated
A study of minor injuries and near misses can often
reveal a major hazard
The depth of investigation should depend on the severityof actual or potential loss
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Investigation guidelines Personal safety
As soon as possible
Objective
Witnesses
Identify the root causes
Questions
Open mind Approach witness without bias
Notes
Interviews are of critical importance
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Summary of actions to be taken Isolating services and making the area safe
Administering first-aid treatment and summoning
emergency services
Informing the next of kin
Notifying the enforcement authority
Collecting initial evidence such as photographs, sketches
and the names of witnesses
Setting up the accident investigation
Basic accident investigation procedures
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Interviews
Recording the details
Conducting interview in private
Interviewing more than one person Confidential approach
Informal
Summarising your understanding
Appreciation for the witnesses information Translating conclusions
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records
and checklists
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Plans
Provide a clear indication of the accident
Sketch plans
Layout plans
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records
and checklists
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Photographs
Record and preserve images of accident scenes or
resulting injuries
Can be useful if the situation changes with time through
corrective actions
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records
and checklists
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Relevant records
Opinions
Experiences
Observations Measurements
Check sheets
Work permits
Risk assessments Method statements
Training records
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records
and checklists
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Checklists
What happened - the loss
How it happened - the event
Why it happened - the causes Recommendations - remedial (and preventive)
action
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Interviews, plans, photographs, relevant records
and checklists
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Identifying immediate causes Unsafe acts
Unsafe conditions
Identifying immediate and (root) underlying causes
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Domino theory of accident causation
Source: Frank Bird.
Identifying immediate and (root) underlying causes
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Action following a serious accident Reports and follow-up
Summary
Identifying remedial actions
The process and purpose of investigating occupational incidents
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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8.1 Theprocess and purpose of investigating
occupational incidents
8.2 The organisational requirements for
recording and reporting occupational
incidents
Contents of element
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Internal systems for collecting, analysing and communicatingdata
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
incidents
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and dangerousoccurrences that might be reportable to external agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Collecting data
- Report from types
- Reporting routes
- Person receiving harm- Person causing loss
- Person discovering the loss
Analysing and communicating data
Internal systems for collecting, analysing and
communicating data
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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ILO Code of Practice for Recording and Notification of
Occupational Accidents and Diseases (RNOAD)
Occupational accident
Occupational disease Commuting accident
- Workers principal or secondary residence
- Place where worker takes their meals
- Remuneration
Dangerous occurrence
Incidents
Organisational requirements for recording and
reporting incidents
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Major injuries
Any fracture other than finger, thumbs or toes
Amputation Dislocation
Loss of sight
Electrical shock
Loss of consciousness Acute illness
Any other injury
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases caused by agents
Physical agents Chemical agents
Biological agents
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases caused by physical agents:
Noise Ionising radiation
Work in compressed air
Extremes of temperature
Vibration
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases caused by chemical agents:
Lead Asphyxiants
Vanadium
Carbon disulphide
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases caused by biological agents:
Infections and parasitic diseases Anthrax
Hepatitis
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases by target organ systems
Respiratory diseases Skin diseases
Musculo-skeletal disorders
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupational incident and accident investigation
Occupational incident and accident investigation
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Diseases
Diseases by target organ systems
Respiratory diseases: Occupational asthma
Siderosis
Bronchopulmonary
Pneumoconioses
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
Occupat o a c de t a d acc de t est gat o
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Diseases
Diseases by target organ systems
Skin diseases: Occupational vitiligo
Caused by physical, chemical and biological agents
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
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Diseases
Diseases by target organ systems
Musculo-skeletal disorders: Awkward or non-neutral postures
Rapid repetitive motion
Forceful exertion
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
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Diseases
Occupational cancer
Cancer caused by agents: Asbestos
Mineral oil
Benzene
Wood dust
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
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Dangerous occurrences
Failure of lifting equipment
Fire Collapse of a building
Failure of a pressurised closed vessel
Explosion
Typical examples of major injuries, diseases and
dangerous occurrences that might be reportable toexternal agencies
Organisational requirements for recording and reporting
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8.1 Theprocess and purpose of investigating
occupational incidents
8.2 The organisational requirements for
recording and reporting occupationalincidents
Contents of element
p g
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Element 8
Occupational incident and
accident investigation,
recording and reporting
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Unit IGC1
Management ofInternational health
and safety
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NEBOSH
InternationalGeneral Certificate