DNADNA
Presented by Mrs. Sanford7th Life Science
Barber Middle School
Presented by Mrs. Sanford7th Life Science
Barber Middle School
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
chemical codechemical code - master copy of instructions for cell structure and function
- agenda- blueprints- owner’s manual
- master copy of instructions for cell structure and function
- agenda- blueprints- owner’s manual
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
chemical codechemical code - gives you your characteristics
- traits like hair color,
eye color, height, personality, talents
- gives you your characteristics
- traits like hair color,
eye color, height, personality, talents
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
chemical codechemical code - organic compound- contains carbon- nucleic acid
- organic compound- contains carbon- nucleic acid
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
structure (what it looks like)
structure (what it looks like)
- three dimensional helix
- spiral staircase
- twisted ladder
- three dimensional helix
- spiral staircase
- twisted ladder
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
structurestructure - sides or “handrails” are made of sugars and phosphates
- ‘ribo’ is for ribose, a sugar
- sides or “handrails” are made of sugars and phosphates
- ‘ribo’ is for ribose, a sugar
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
structurestructure - cross pieces, “rungs” or “steps” are made of nitrogen base pairs
- Same two bases always pair
- adenine, thymine (A, T)- cytosine, guanine (C, G)
- cross pieces, “rungs” or “steps” are made of nitrogen base pairs
- Same two bases always pair
- adenine, thymine (A, T)- cytosine, guanine (C, G)
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
discovery/history1950’s
discovery/history1950’s
- x-rayed by Rosalind Franklin
- x-rayed by Rosalind Franklin
DNA X-ray
Rosalind Franklin
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
discovery/history1950’s -1960’s
discovery/history1950’s -1960’s
- Maurice Wilkins gives Franklin’s x-rays to Watson and Crick
- Francis Crick and James Watson make a model of DNA
- Maurice Wilkins gives Franklin’s x-rays to Watson and Crick
- Francis Crick and James Watson make a model of DNA
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
discovery/history1960’s
discovery/history1960’s
- Franklin dies of cancer
- Wilkins, Watson, and Crick share a Nobel Prize for the model
- Franklin dies of cancer
- Wilkins, Watson, and Crick share a Nobel Prize for the model
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)Wilkins
Watson and Crick
DNA Model
DNA Model Sketch
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA replicationDNA replication - happens in interphase
- Watson and Crick also modeled this
- happens in interphase
- Watson and Crick also modeled this
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA replicationDNA replication - enzymes break apart the bases
- RNA collects extra bases from the cytoplasm
- enzymes break apart the bases
- RNA collects extra bases from the cytoplasm
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA replicationDNA replication - the extra bases pair with the broken DNA strands
- new handrails form from sugars and phosphates
- the extra bases pair with the broken DNA strands
- new handrails form from sugars and phosphates
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
DNA replicationDNA replication - Two new strands have been created
- Two new strands have been created
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
MutationMutation - Damaged chromosomes
- Mismatched base pairs
- Damaged chromosomes
- Mismatched base pairs
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
MutationMutation - Mistakes in the DNA
- Example: albinism
- Mistakes in the DNA
- Example: albinism