Date: 3/18/15
Activity: Making Connections/Reagan and End of Cold War
Warm Up: Complete “Making Connections” in pencil (If you weren’t here yesterday you will not be able to complete this)
Homework:
-Read Soviet Reforms tonight!
EXTRA CREDIT: -watch Argo and write a reaction
paper---Due by Friday 3/20
*Foreign Policy Test will be Thursday 3/26
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World HistoryWelcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg Assignment Date
23Iran Hostage Crisis
Readings3/12
24Iran Hostage Crisis
Questions3/12
25Foreign Policy and the
End of the Cold War3/13
26Unraveling of Soviet
Economy3/17
27 Making Connections 3/18
28Reagan & End of CW PPT
Notes3/18
29 Soviet Reforms 3/18
Making Connections…Making Connections…
Yesterday’s activity was designed to Yesterday’s activity was designed to have you understand the failures of have you understand the failures of the Soviet economy that led to the Soviet economy that led to reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev in reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s. the 1980s.
In pencilIn pencil, complete the comparison , complete the comparison chart on the “Making Connections” chart on the “Making Connections” handout. handout.
Making ConnectionsMaking ConnectionsHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Soviet workers were told by Soviet workers were told by the government to produce the government to produce a quota of goods as part of a quota of goods as part of a 5-year plan. a 5-year plan.
Soviet government made Soviet government made reaching quotas difficult reaching quotas difficult because production because production materials were not materials were not available for work crews in available for work crews in time, usually reaching time, usually reaching workers in the middle of the workers in the middle of the month forcing crews to month forcing crews to work long hours to try and work long hours to try and meet month-end quotasmeet month-end quotas
CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students were told by Students were told by
the teacher to produce the teacher to produce a certain amount of a certain amount of goods in a given time goods in a given time period. period.
I made it difficult to I made it difficult to reach the quotas reach the quotas because “production” because “production” materials were not materials were not available for groups in available for groups in time and therefore time and therefore work brigades had to work brigades had to work extra hard to work extra hard to meet quotas in the last meet quotas in the last few minutes of the few minutes of the time-period. time-period.
Making ConnectionsMaking Connections
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE Soviet workers were all Soviet workers were all
paid equally by the paid equally by the soviet government soviet government whether or not they whether or not they met a quota from a five-met a quota from a five-year plan. year plan.
Some Soviet workers Some Soviet workers did not work hard with did not work hard with little incentive knowing little incentive knowing they would still be paid. they would still be paid.
CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students were paid Students were paid
equally by the equally by the teacher whether they teacher whether they met the quota or not. met the quota or not.
As a result, some As a result, some students lost students lost incentive to work, incentive to work, knowing they would knowing they would still be paid. still be paid.
Making ConnectionsMaking ConnectionsHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
To buy consumer goods, To buy consumer goods, Soviet citizens routinely had Soviet citizens routinely had to stand in extremely long to stand in extremely long lines, and often the stores lines, and often the stores closed or ran out of goods closed or ran out of goods before citizens could before citizens could purchase what they purchase what they wanted. wanted.
Soviet consumers were Soviet consumers were often forced to buy often forced to buy consumer products that consumer products that weren’t the most desirable. weren’t the most desirable.
CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students had to wait in Students had to wait in
long lines to buy long lines to buy candy. Some did not candy. Some did not get to purchase candy get to purchase candy because the stores because the stores closed or ran out of closed or ran out of candy. candy.
Students didn’t have Students didn’t have “the best” candy “the best” candy options or the options or the opportunity to choose opportunity to choose what kind they got. what kind they got.
THE END OF THE COLD THE END OF THE COLD WARWAR
RONALD RONALD REAGANREAGAN
STRONG STANCE STRONG STANCE VS. USSR:VS. USSR: HARSH RHETORIC:HARSH RHETORIC:
USSR THE USSR THE ““EVIL EVIL EMPIREEMPIRE””
BUILDS UP U.S. BUILDS UP U.S. MILITARY TO USE MILITARY TO USE AS LEVERAGE IN AS LEVERAGE IN NEGOTIATIONSNEGOTIATIONS
DO NOW!DO NOW!EXPLAIN HOW EXPLAIN HOW
HAVING A HAVING A STRONGER MILITARY STRONGER MILITARY WOULD HELP THE WOULD HELP THE U.S. NEGOTIATE U.S. NEGOTIATE WITH THE USSR.WITH THE USSR.
STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE (SDI)STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE (SDI) U.S. BEGINS U.S. BEGINS
RESEARCH ON RESEARCH ON ANTI- MISSILE ANTI- MISSILE SATELLITE SATELLITE DEFENSE SYSTEMDEFENSE SYSTEM
NICKNAMED NICKNAMED ““STAR STAR WARSWARS””
USSR CONCERNED:USSR CONCERNED: BELIEVE U.S. CAN BELIEVE U.S. CAN
MAKE SYSTEM MAKE SYSTEM WORKWORK
MANY AMERICANS SKEPTICAL:TECHNOLOGY DID
NOT EXISTTOO EXPENSIVE
REAGAN SUPPORTS ANTI-COMMUNIST REAGAN SUPPORTS ANTI-COMMUNIST REBELS (REBELS (CONTRASCONTRAS) IN ) IN NICARAGUANICARAGUA
REAGAN INVADES REAGAN INVADES CARIBBEAN ISLAND OF CARIBBEAN ISLAND OF
GRENADAGRENADA GRENADA GRENADA
DEVELOPING DEVELOPING CLOSE TIES WITH CLOSE TIES WITH COMMUNIST CUBACOMMUNIST CUBA
GORBACHEV TAKES OVERGORBACHEV TAKES OVER 1985 – 1985 – MIKHAIL MIKHAIL
GORBACHEVGORBACHEV NEW NEW LEADER OF USSR:LEADER OF USSR: INHERITS MANY INHERITS MANY
PROBLEMSPROBLEMS TRIES NEW LIBERAL TRIES NEW LIBERAL
REFORMS:REFORMS: GLASNOST GLASNOST - ALLOWED - ALLOWED
OPEN CRITICISM OF THE OPEN CRITICISM OF THE USSR AND FREEDOM OF USSR AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESSTHE PRESS
PERESTROIKAPERESTROIKA – ECONOMIC – ECONOMIC REFORMS - SOME PRIVATE REFORMS - SOME PRIVATE ENTERPRISEENTERPRISE
FIRST STEPS TOWARDS FIRST STEPS TOWARDS LIMITED DEMOCRACYLIMITED DEMOCRACY
THE SOVIET ECONOMY BEGINS TO THE SOVIET ECONOMY BEGINS TO COLLAPSECOLLAPSE:: INEFFICIENCIESINEFFICIENCIES ATTEMPTS TO MATCH U.S. MILITARY SPENDINGATTEMPTS TO MATCH U.S. MILITARY SPENDING
Comparison between USSR and US economies (1989)according to 1990 CIA World Factbook[19]
USSR US
GDP (1989 - millions $) 2,659,500 5,233,300
Population (July 1990) 290,938,469 250,410,000
GDP Per Capita ($) 9,211 21,082
Labour force (1989) 152,300,000 125,557,000
NEW SOVIET FOREIGN NEW SOVIET FOREIGN POLICYPOLICY
SOUGHT BETTER SOUGHT BETTER RELATIONS WITH RELATIONS WITH U.S.U.S.
SIGNED TREATY TO SIGNED TREATY TO REDUCE NUCLEAR REDUCE NUCLEAR WEAPONSWEAPONS PRODUCED PRODUCED BY BOTH U.S. & USSRBY BOTH U.S. & USSR
ALLOWED ALLOWED COMMUNISTCOMMUNIST SATELLITE NATIONS SATELLITE NATIONS TO BECOME TO BECOME DEMOCRATIC & DEMOCRATIC & INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENT
REAGAN AND GORBY DISCUSSING REAGAN AND GORBY DISCUSSING THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS TREATYTHE NUCLEAR WEAPONS TREATY
PLEASE DO NOW!PLEASE DO NOW!WHY DO YOU THINK WHY DO YOU THINK
MIKHAIL GORBACHEV MIKHAIL GORBACHEV DECIDED TO SEEK BETTER DECIDED TO SEEK BETTER RELATIONS WITH THE U.S. RELATIONS WITH THE U.S. AND TO ALLOW THE FALL AND TO ALLOW THE FALL OF COMMUNIST OF COMMUNIST GOVERNMENTS IN EASTERN GOVERNMENTS IN EASTERN EUROPE?EUROPE?
POLAND LEADS THE WAYPOLAND LEADS THE WAY
1989: POLISH 1989: POLISH TRADE UNION TRADE UNION SOLIDARITYSOLIDARITY DEFEATED THE DEFEATED THE COMMUNIST PARTY COMMUNIST PARTY IN ELECTIONSIN ELECTIONS LECH WALECH WAŁĘŁĘSASA, THE , THE
LEADER OF LEADER OF SOLIDARITY, SOLIDARITY, BECAME PRESIDENT BECAME PRESIDENT OF POLANDOF POLAND
COLLAPSE OF EASTERN COLLAPSE OF EASTERN EUROPEEUROPE
EAST GERMANY:EAST GERMANY:NOV. 1989: EAST NOV. 1989: EAST
GERMANY OPENED GERMANY OPENED BERLIN WALLBERLIN WALL
BERLINERS BEGAN BERLINERS BEGAN TEARING DOWN TEARING DOWN THE WALLTHE WALL
BRINGING THE WALL BRINGING THE WALL DOWNDOWN
GERMANY WAS REUNIFIED IN GERMANY WAS REUNIFIED IN 19901990
OTHER REVOLUTIONSOTHER REVOLUTIONS CZECHOSLOVAKIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA
VELVET REVOLUTIONVELVET REVOLUTION (NON-VIOLENT)(NON-VIOLENT)
LATVIA, LITHUANIA LATVIA, LITHUANIA AND ESTONIA AND ESTONIA DECLARED THEIR DECLARED THEIR INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE FROM FROM THE USSRTHE USSR
HUNGARY, BULGARIA HUNGARY, BULGARIA AND ROMANIA AND ROMANIA BECAME BECAME DEMOCRACIESDEMOCRACIES
DECLINE OF THE SOVIET DECLINE OF THE SOVIET UNIONUNION GORBYGORBY’’S REFORMS LED S REFORMS LED
TO TO NATIONALISM NATIONALISM IN NON-IN NON-RUSSIAN SOVIET RUSSIAN SOVIET REPUBLICSREPUBLICS
COMMUNIST HARDLINERS COMMUNIST HARDLINERS FAILED IN AN ATTEMPT FAILED IN AN ATTEMPT TO TO OVERTHROW OVERTHROW GORBACHEVGORBACHEV
IN DEC. 1991, 14 NON-IN DEC. 1991, 14 NON-RUSSIAN REPUBLICS RUSSIAN REPUBLICS DECLARED DECLARED INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE
GORBY GORBY RESIGNEDRESIGNED & THE & THE USSR (ALONG WITH THE USSR (ALONG WITH THE COLD WAR) CAME TO AN COLD WAR) CAME TO AN ENDEND
BORIS YELTSINBORIS YELTSIN IS IS ELECTED THE FIRST ELECTED THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIONRUSSIAN FEDERATION
DO NOW!DO NOW!WOULD YOU GIVE WOULD YOU GIVE PRESIDENT REAGAN PRESIDENT REAGAN ANY CREDIT FOR ANY CREDIT FOR BRINGING THE COLD BRINGING THE COLD WAR TO AN END? WAR TO AN END? EXPLAIN.EXPLAIN.
CHINA AFTER THE COLD WARCHINA AFTER THE COLD WAR COMMUNISM GOES COMMUNISM GOES
ON:ON: IN 1980s CHINESE GOVIN 1980s CHINESE GOV’’T T
EASED ITS GRIP ON EASED ITS GRIP ON BUSINESSES AND TRADEBUSINESSES AND TRADE
DEMANDS FOR DEMANDS FOR DEMOCRACY:DEMOCRACY:
MASSIVE STUDENT MASSIVE STUDENT DEMONSTRATIONS IN DEMONSTRATIONS IN BEIJINGBEIJING’’S S TIANANMEN TIANANMEN SQUARESQUARE
CHINESE MILITARY CHINESE MILITARY CRUSHED THE REVOLTSCRUSHED THE REVOLTS
THE WORLD WATCHED IN THE WORLD WATCHED IN HORROR AS ARMED HORROR AS ARMED FORCES FORCES SLAUGHTERED SLAUGHTERED UNARMED STUDENTSUNARMED STUDENTS
AN UNKNOWN PROTESTOR AN UNKNOWN PROTESTOR BLOCKS THE TANKS SENT TO BLOCKS THE TANKS SENT TO
BREAK UP THE STUDENT BREAK UP THE STUDENT PROTESTSPROTESTS
Independence MovementsIndependence MovementsNow you will read about the individual Now you will read about the individual
independence movements in the USSR. independence movements in the USSR. You will take notes on the notes page You will take notes on the notes page
provided. provided. Get the major points, you don’t need Get the major points, you don’t need
every detail! every detail! When looking for date of When looking for date of
independence, some will be vague, try independence, some will be vague, try to look for date of free elections. to look for date of free elections.