Date: 3/18/15

Activity: Making Connections/Reagan and End of Cold War

Warm Up: Complete “Making Connections” in pencil (If you weren’t here yesterday you will not be able to complete this)

Homework:

-Read Soviet Reforms tonight!

EXTRA CREDIT: -watch Argo and write a reaction

paper---Due by Friday 3/20

*Foreign Policy Test will be Thursday 3/26

Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World HistoryWelcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History

Pg Assignment Date

23Iran Hostage Crisis

Readings3/12

24Iran Hostage Crisis

Questions3/12

25Foreign Policy and the

End of the Cold War3/13

26Unraveling of Soviet

Economy3/17

27 Making Connections 3/18

28Reagan & End of CW PPT

Notes3/18

29 Soviet Reforms 3/18

Making Connections…Making Connections…

Yesterday’s activity was designed to Yesterday’s activity was designed to have you understand the failures of have you understand the failures of the Soviet economy that led to the Soviet economy that led to reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev in reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s. the 1980s.

In pencilIn pencil, complete the comparison , complete the comparison chart on the “Making Connections” chart on the “Making Connections” handout. handout.

Making ConnectionsMaking ConnectionsHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Soviet workers were told by Soviet workers were told by the government to produce the government to produce a quota of goods as part of a quota of goods as part of a 5-year plan. a 5-year plan.

Soviet government made Soviet government made reaching quotas difficult reaching quotas difficult because production because production materials were not materials were not available for work crews in available for work crews in time, usually reaching time, usually reaching workers in the middle of the workers in the middle of the month forcing crews to month forcing crews to work long hours to try and work long hours to try and meet month-end quotasmeet month-end quotas

CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students were told by Students were told by

the teacher to produce the teacher to produce a certain amount of a certain amount of goods in a given time goods in a given time period. period.

I made it difficult to I made it difficult to reach the quotas reach the quotas because “production” because “production” materials were not materials were not available for groups in available for groups in time and therefore time and therefore work brigades had to work brigades had to work extra hard to work extra hard to meet quotas in the last meet quotas in the last few minutes of the few minutes of the time-period. time-period.

Making ConnectionsMaking Connections

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE Soviet workers were all Soviet workers were all

paid equally by the paid equally by the soviet government soviet government whether or not they whether or not they met a quota from a five-met a quota from a five-year plan. year plan.

Some Soviet workers Some Soviet workers did not work hard with did not work hard with little incentive knowing little incentive knowing they would still be paid. they would still be paid.

CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students were paid Students were paid

equally by the equally by the teacher whether they teacher whether they met the quota or not. met the quota or not.

As a result, some As a result, some students lost students lost incentive to work, incentive to work, knowing they would knowing they would still be paid. still be paid.

Making ConnectionsMaking ConnectionsHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCEHISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE

To buy consumer goods, To buy consumer goods, Soviet citizens routinely had Soviet citizens routinely had to stand in extremely long to stand in extremely long lines, and often the stores lines, and often the stores closed or ran out of goods closed or ran out of goods before citizens could before citizens could purchase what they purchase what they wanted. wanted.

Soviet consumers were Soviet consumers were often forced to buy often forced to buy consumer products that consumer products that weren’t the most desirable. weren’t the most desirable.

CLASS EXPERIENCECLASS EXPERIENCE Students had to wait in Students had to wait in

long lines to buy long lines to buy candy. Some did not candy. Some did not get to purchase candy get to purchase candy because the stores because the stores closed or ran out of closed or ran out of candy. candy.

Students didn’t have Students didn’t have “the best” candy “the best” candy options or the options or the opportunity to choose opportunity to choose what kind they got. what kind they got.

THE END OF THE COLD THE END OF THE COLD WARWAR

RONALD RONALD REAGANREAGAN

STRONG STANCE STRONG STANCE VS. USSR:VS. USSR: HARSH RHETORIC:HARSH RHETORIC:

USSR THE USSR THE ““EVIL EVIL EMPIREEMPIRE””

BUILDS UP U.S. BUILDS UP U.S. MILITARY TO USE MILITARY TO USE AS LEVERAGE IN AS LEVERAGE IN NEGOTIATIONSNEGOTIATIONS

DO NOW!DO NOW!EXPLAIN HOW EXPLAIN HOW

HAVING A HAVING A STRONGER MILITARY STRONGER MILITARY WOULD HELP THE WOULD HELP THE U.S. NEGOTIATE U.S. NEGOTIATE WITH THE USSR.WITH THE USSR.

STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE (SDI)STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE (SDI) U.S. BEGINS U.S. BEGINS

RESEARCH ON RESEARCH ON ANTI- MISSILE ANTI- MISSILE SATELLITE SATELLITE DEFENSE SYSTEMDEFENSE SYSTEM

NICKNAMED NICKNAMED ““STAR STAR WARSWARS””

USSR CONCERNED:USSR CONCERNED: BELIEVE U.S. CAN BELIEVE U.S. CAN

MAKE SYSTEM MAKE SYSTEM WORKWORK

MANY AMERICANS SKEPTICAL:TECHNOLOGY DID

NOT EXISTTOO EXPENSIVE

REAGAN SUPPORTS ANTI-COMMUNIST REAGAN SUPPORTS ANTI-COMMUNIST REBELS (REBELS (CONTRASCONTRAS) IN ) IN NICARAGUANICARAGUA

REAGAN INVADES REAGAN INVADES CARIBBEAN ISLAND OF CARIBBEAN ISLAND OF

GRENADAGRENADA GRENADA GRENADA

DEVELOPING DEVELOPING CLOSE TIES WITH CLOSE TIES WITH COMMUNIST CUBACOMMUNIST CUBA

GORBACHEV TAKES OVERGORBACHEV TAKES OVER 1985 – 1985 – MIKHAIL MIKHAIL

GORBACHEVGORBACHEV NEW NEW LEADER OF USSR:LEADER OF USSR: INHERITS MANY INHERITS MANY

PROBLEMSPROBLEMS TRIES NEW LIBERAL TRIES NEW LIBERAL

REFORMS:REFORMS: GLASNOST GLASNOST - ALLOWED - ALLOWED

OPEN CRITICISM OF THE OPEN CRITICISM OF THE USSR AND FREEDOM OF USSR AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESSTHE PRESS

PERESTROIKAPERESTROIKA – ECONOMIC – ECONOMIC REFORMS - SOME PRIVATE REFORMS - SOME PRIVATE ENTERPRISEENTERPRISE

FIRST STEPS TOWARDS FIRST STEPS TOWARDS LIMITED DEMOCRACYLIMITED DEMOCRACY

THE SOVIET ECONOMY BEGINS TO THE SOVIET ECONOMY BEGINS TO COLLAPSECOLLAPSE:: INEFFICIENCIESINEFFICIENCIES ATTEMPTS TO MATCH U.S. MILITARY SPENDINGATTEMPTS TO MATCH U.S. MILITARY SPENDING

Comparison between USSR and US economies (1989)according to 1990 CIA World Factbook[19]

USSR US

GDP (1989 - millions $) 2,659,500 5,233,300

Population (July 1990) 290,938,469 250,410,000

GDP Per Capita ($) 9,211 21,082

Labour force (1989) 152,300,000 125,557,000

NEW SOVIET FOREIGN NEW SOVIET FOREIGN POLICYPOLICY

SOUGHT BETTER SOUGHT BETTER RELATIONS WITH RELATIONS WITH U.S.U.S.

SIGNED TREATY TO SIGNED TREATY TO REDUCE NUCLEAR REDUCE NUCLEAR WEAPONSWEAPONS PRODUCED PRODUCED BY BOTH U.S. & USSRBY BOTH U.S. & USSR

ALLOWED ALLOWED COMMUNISTCOMMUNIST SATELLITE NATIONS SATELLITE NATIONS TO BECOME TO BECOME DEMOCRATIC & DEMOCRATIC & INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENT

REAGAN AND GORBY DISCUSSING REAGAN AND GORBY DISCUSSING THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS TREATYTHE NUCLEAR WEAPONS TREATY

PLEASE DO NOW!PLEASE DO NOW!WHY DO YOU THINK WHY DO YOU THINK

MIKHAIL GORBACHEV MIKHAIL GORBACHEV DECIDED TO SEEK BETTER DECIDED TO SEEK BETTER RELATIONS WITH THE U.S. RELATIONS WITH THE U.S. AND TO ALLOW THE FALL AND TO ALLOW THE FALL OF COMMUNIST OF COMMUNIST GOVERNMENTS IN EASTERN GOVERNMENTS IN EASTERN EUROPE?EUROPE?

POLAND LEADS THE WAYPOLAND LEADS THE WAY

1989: POLISH 1989: POLISH TRADE UNION TRADE UNION SOLIDARITYSOLIDARITY DEFEATED THE DEFEATED THE COMMUNIST PARTY COMMUNIST PARTY IN ELECTIONSIN ELECTIONS LECH WALECH WAŁĘŁĘSASA, THE , THE

LEADER OF LEADER OF SOLIDARITY, SOLIDARITY, BECAME PRESIDENT BECAME PRESIDENT OF POLANDOF POLAND

COLLAPSE OF EASTERN COLLAPSE OF EASTERN EUROPEEUROPE

EAST GERMANY:EAST GERMANY:NOV. 1989: EAST NOV. 1989: EAST

GERMANY OPENED GERMANY OPENED BERLIN WALLBERLIN WALL

BERLINERS BEGAN BERLINERS BEGAN TEARING DOWN TEARING DOWN THE WALLTHE WALL

BRINGING THE WALL BRINGING THE WALL DOWNDOWN

GERMANY WAS REUNIFIED IN GERMANY WAS REUNIFIED IN 19901990

OTHER REVOLUTIONSOTHER REVOLUTIONS CZECHOSLOVAKIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA

VELVET REVOLUTIONVELVET REVOLUTION (NON-VIOLENT)(NON-VIOLENT)

LATVIA, LITHUANIA LATVIA, LITHUANIA AND ESTONIA AND ESTONIA DECLARED THEIR DECLARED THEIR INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE FROM FROM THE USSRTHE USSR

HUNGARY, BULGARIA HUNGARY, BULGARIA AND ROMANIA AND ROMANIA BECAME BECAME DEMOCRACIESDEMOCRACIES

DECLINE OF THE SOVIET DECLINE OF THE SOVIET UNIONUNION GORBYGORBY’’S REFORMS LED S REFORMS LED

TO TO NATIONALISM NATIONALISM IN NON-IN NON-RUSSIAN SOVIET RUSSIAN SOVIET REPUBLICSREPUBLICS

COMMUNIST HARDLINERS COMMUNIST HARDLINERS FAILED IN AN ATTEMPT FAILED IN AN ATTEMPT TO TO OVERTHROW OVERTHROW GORBACHEVGORBACHEV

IN DEC. 1991, 14 NON-IN DEC. 1991, 14 NON-RUSSIAN REPUBLICS RUSSIAN REPUBLICS DECLARED DECLARED INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE

GORBY GORBY RESIGNEDRESIGNED & THE & THE USSR (ALONG WITH THE USSR (ALONG WITH THE COLD WAR) CAME TO AN COLD WAR) CAME TO AN ENDEND

BORIS YELTSINBORIS YELTSIN IS IS ELECTED THE FIRST ELECTED THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIONRUSSIAN FEDERATION

DO NOW!DO NOW!WOULD YOU GIVE WOULD YOU GIVE PRESIDENT REAGAN PRESIDENT REAGAN ANY CREDIT FOR ANY CREDIT FOR BRINGING THE COLD BRINGING THE COLD WAR TO AN END? WAR TO AN END? EXPLAIN.EXPLAIN.

CHINA AFTER THE COLD WARCHINA AFTER THE COLD WAR COMMUNISM GOES COMMUNISM GOES

ON:ON: IN 1980s CHINESE GOVIN 1980s CHINESE GOV’’T T

EASED ITS GRIP ON EASED ITS GRIP ON BUSINESSES AND TRADEBUSINESSES AND TRADE

DEMANDS FOR DEMANDS FOR DEMOCRACY:DEMOCRACY:

MASSIVE STUDENT MASSIVE STUDENT DEMONSTRATIONS IN DEMONSTRATIONS IN BEIJINGBEIJING’’S S TIANANMEN TIANANMEN SQUARESQUARE

CHINESE MILITARY CHINESE MILITARY CRUSHED THE REVOLTSCRUSHED THE REVOLTS

THE WORLD WATCHED IN THE WORLD WATCHED IN HORROR AS ARMED HORROR AS ARMED FORCES FORCES SLAUGHTERED SLAUGHTERED UNARMED STUDENTSUNARMED STUDENTS

AN UNKNOWN PROTESTOR AN UNKNOWN PROTESTOR BLOCKS THE TANKS SENT TO BLOCKS THE TANKS SENT TO

BREAK UP THE STUDENT BREAK UP THE STUDENT PROTESTSPROTESTS

Independence MovementsIndependence MovementsNow you will read about the individual Now you will read about the individual

independence movements in the USSR. independence movements in the USSR. You will take notes on the notes page You will take notes on the notes page

provided. provided. Get the major points, you don’t need Get the major points, you don’t need

every detail! every detail! When looking for date of When looking for date of

independence, some will be vague, try independence, some will be vague, try to look for date of free elections. to look for date of free elections.