CONTROL SYSTEMS Introduction Class
• Team of InstructorsHaripriya
Madhuri Bayya
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Control S
ystems
Destination point
Starting Point
Prescribed path
Definition of control System
• It consists of subsystems and processes assembled for the purpose of controlling the outputs.
• For example in a furnace fuel valves, fuel valve actuators and thermostats acts as subsystems
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Uncontrolled System Example
• Nuclear fission reaction:• It occurs when a nucleus of a heavy atom
captures a neutron.
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Controlled system Example
• Control rods are used in nuclear reactors to control the fission rate.
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Open loop Control System
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Nuclear reaction
Desired power output 10 MW
Actual power output 8 MW
Closed loop Control System
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Nuclear reaction
Desired power output 10 MW
Actual power output 8 MW
Error acts as input
Some examples of control systems
• Temperature• Liquid Level• Speed
Manual feedback control
of a thermal system
Steam
Drain
Thermometer
R
Hotwater
Cold water
Automatic feedback control
of a thermal system
RSteam
Controlvalve
Automaticcontroller
Temperaturemeasuring device
Hotwater
DrainCold
water
Liquid - level control system
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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ControllerPneumatic
valve
Inflow
Outflow
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Speed Control examples
Fig.8 Open Loop Control of a turntable Fig.9 Closed Loop Control of a turntable
Applications
• Control Engineering– Foundations from feedback theory– Aeronautical, civil, Mechanical, Electrical,
Chemical, Environmental– Not limited to any engineering disciplines
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Applications
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• Control systems are found in all sectors of industry– Quality control of manufactured products– Automatic assembly line– Machine-tool control– Space technology and weapon systems– Robotics– Computer control– Transportation systems– Power systems– And many others
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Handout discussion
• Modeling of physical system• Time domain analysis• Frequency domain analysis
Text books:• Main text book:
– Nagrath I. J. and M. Gopal, Control Systems Engineering, New Age International (P) Limited, 5thed, 2007.
• Reference Text book:– Kuo, B. C., and Golnaraghi, F., Automatic
Control Systems,John Wiley & Sons, 8thed, 2003.
– Dorf, R. C., and Bishop, R. H., Modern Control Systems, Addison Wesley, 7thed, 1995.
EvaluationComponent Duration Weightage
(%)Marks Remarks
Test I 60 min 20 60 CB
Test II 60 min 20 60 CB
Assignments - 20 60 OB
Comprehensive Exam.
3 hours 40 120 CB