3
MachineState
InterfaceHuman Computer
Brain
Displays
Controls
Sensors
Responders
Human$Factors$Model
From$Ch3$of$(MacKenzie 2013)
Joysticks$and$Keyboards
5
Isotonic2joystick(senses2displacement2of2stick)
Isometric2joystick(senses2force2applied2to2stick)
Japanese2keyboard2layoutImage$taken$from$fontmeme.com
From$Ch3$of$(MacKenzie 2013)
>2$Degrees$of$Freedom
• Examples$in$HCI$research$• 4$DOF$Rockin’(Mouse(Balakrishnan et$al.$1997)
• ThreePaxis$trackball(Evans$et$al.$1981)
6
From$Ch3$of$(MacKenzie 2013)
Core$Design$Issues
• New$devices• Natural$and$intuitive$interactions• Aesthetically$pleasing$design• Saves$time$and$effort$(maybe$even$smart)• Scalable,$cost$effective• CrossPplatform
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Why$Should$We$Care?
• As$developers$of$software?–Want$user$acceptance–Want$to$beat$competition–Want$to$make$profit
• As$users$of$software?–Want$to$do$stuff$faster–Want$to$do$things$more$easily–Want$to$do$more$(better$than$“manual”)
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Why$Should$We$Care?
• As$developers$of$software?–Want$user$acceptance–Want$to$beat$competition–Want$to$make$profit
• As$users$of$software?–Want$to$do$stuff$faster–Want$to$do$things$more$easily–Want$to$do$more$(better$than$“manual”)
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Image$taken$from$thegoodistablog.com
Why$Should$We$Care?
• As$developers$of$software?–Want$user$acceptance–Want$to$beat$competition–Want$to$make$profit
• As$users$of$software?–Want$to$do$stuff$faster–Want$to$do$things$more$easily–Want$to$do$more$(better$than$“manual”)
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• Everyone$is$different– Goals$(purpose$of$use)– Skills$(learning$curves,$training,$assistance)– Preferences$(styles,$habits,$content)
Why$is$this$Hard?
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Image$taken$from$www.spiritofthesouth.net
• Everyone$is$different– Goals$(purpose$of$use)– Skills$(learning$curves,$training,$assistance)– Preferences$(styles,$habits,$content)
• Can’t$predict$how$others$react
Why$is$this$Hard?
17
Image$taken$from$www.spiritofthesouth.net
• Everyone$is$different– Goals$(purpose$of$use)– Skills$(learning$curves,$training,$assistance)– Preferences$(styles,$habits,$content)
• Can’t$predict$how$others$react• Can’t$read$other$people’s$mind
Why$is$this$Hard?
18
Image$taken$from$www.spiritofthesouth.net
• Everyone$is$different– Goals$(purpose$of$use)– Skills$(learning$curves,$training,$assistance)– Preferences$(styles,$habits,$content)
• Can’t$predict$how$others$react• Can’t$read$other$people’s$mind• Changing$user$profiles
Why$is$this$Hard?
19
Image$taken$from$www.spiritofthesouth.net
• Everyone$is$different– Goals$(purpose$of$use)– Skills$(learning$curves,$training,$assistance)– Preferences$(styles,$habits,$content)
• Can’t$predict$how$others$react• Can’t$read$other$people’s$mind• Changing$user$profiles• Changing$technology
Why$is$this$Hard?
20
Image$taken$from$www.spiritofthesouth.net
Goals$of$HCI
• Understand$factors$that$determine$how$people$interact$with$technology
21
Image$taken$from$www.smashingmagazine.com
Image$taken$from$en.wikipedia.org
Goals$of$HCI
• Develop$tools,$techniques,$and$general$guidelines$to$enable$building$usable$systems
22Image$taken$from$www.hitreach.co.uk
Goals$of$HCI
• Develop$tools,$techniques,$and$general$guidelines$to$enable$building$usable$systems
23Image$taken$from$theverge.com
Goals$of$HCI
• Develop$tools,$techniques,$and$general$guidelines$to$enable$building$usable$systems
24Image$taken$from$uxmantra.com
Real$World$Design$Problems• Must$be$relevant$to$real$people
• Daily$life$inconveniences– Coffee$is$out– Traffic$light$duration– Forgotten$food$expired– Which$side$is$the$gas$tank$on– Must$rePtype$milk$on$grocery$list$every$week
• Your$experiences?
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• Complete$the$Google$form$at:https://goo.gl/forms/Ed09ntiWrTpegYyo1
• Will$select$3P4$design$problems$to$work$on$for$the$inPclass$activities
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Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
29
Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science– Technology,$software$development,$user$interface,$prototyping$methods$and$tools,$graphics
• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
30
Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology– Information$processing,$mental$models,$capabilities,$limitations
• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
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Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design– Hardware$design,$display$readability,$engineering$principles,$graphic$design
• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
32
Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics– Interfaces$with$natural$language,$speech,$gestures
• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
33
Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence– Intelligent$user$interfaces$(IUI)
• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology
34
Interdisciplinary$Perspectives
• Computer$Science• Cognitive$Psychology• Engineering,$Ergonomics,$Design• Linguistics• Artificial$Intelligence• Philosophy,$Sociology,$Anthropology– Computer$supported$cooperative$work$(CSCW)
35
In$this$Course
• Design$&$Prototyping– User$centered$design– Task$analysis–Models$of$interaction– User$scenarios– Prototyping
• Evaluation• Special$topics
37
• guidelines• techniques• tools• quantitative
In$this$Course
• Design$&$Prototyping• Evaluation– Collecting$user$information– Think$aloud$protocol– Cognitive$walkthrough– Heuristic$evaluation– Statistics
• Special$topics
38
• techniques$(procedural)
• quantitative
In$this$Course
• Design$&$Prototyping• Evaluation• Special$topics$(tentative)– Accessibility– Globalization– Information$visualization– Intelligent$user$interfaces– Future$of$HCI
39
• issues$&$solutions• breadth$of$field• interdisciplinary$aspects
Course$Organization
• Lectures$&$InPClass$Activities• Labs• Assignments$(programming$and$written)• Exams
40
Course$Organization
• Lectures$&$InPClass$Activities– Best$practices,$research$content,$novel$advances– Provides$overview$of$HCI– Problem$solving$sessions
• Labs• Assignments$(programming$and$written)• Exams
41
Course$Organization
• Lectures$&$InPClass$Activities• Labs– HandsPon$experience$on$selected$topics– Support$for$Assignments– Individualized$support$from$TA
• Assignments$(programming$and$written)• Exams
42
Course$Organization
• Lectures$&$InPClass$Activities• Labs• Assignments$(programming$and$written)– Replicate$actual$design$exercises– Gather$your$own$data$and$write$up$results
• Exams
43
Course$Organization
• Lectures$&$InPClass$Activities• Labs• Assignments$(programming$and$written)• Exams– Assimilates$technical$content– Applies$analysis$skills– Promotes$transfer$learning
44
Evaluation$Criteria
• Assignments$(programming) 40%• InPClass$Activities 25%• Midterm$Exam$1 15%• Midterm$Exam$2 20%
• Labs$are$timeslots$to$support$your$inPclass$activities$and/or$programming$assignments
45
Class$Policies
• Late$Policy:– Assignments• Up$to$max$of$3$days$late• Penalty$of$P5%$per$day
– EX:$A1$with$one$late$day$gets$a$max$of$95/100%so$if$A1$is$worth$10%$of$the$course,$then$you$get$max$9.5%
• After$3$days:$no$marks
– Presentations• No$lates allowed• Swap$with$classmate$if$possible
46
Class$Policies
• Missed$One$Midterm:–Must$have$medical$note,$otherwise$counts$as$zero– Paper$copy$of$medical$note$given$to$professor– No$makePup$midterm
• Missed$Both$Midterms:–Must$have$medical$note,$otherwise$counts$as$zero– Paper$copy$of$medical$note$given$to$professor–MakePup$second$midterm
47
Class$Policies
• Passing$Criteria:– You$must$pass$ALL components$of$the$course$in$order$to$pass$the$course
– Total$of$three$components:• Assignments 40%• InPClass$Activities 25%• Exams 35%
48
Academic$Conduct
• Do$not$…– cheat– plagiarize– copy– mislead$others$about$what$is$your$work
• Not$sure?$Ask$professor!• Refer$to$course$outline
49
Course$Objectives
• By$the$end,$students$will$be$able$to…– Appreciate$design$issues$in$software$development
50
Course$Objectives
• By$the$end,$students$will$be$able$to…– Appreciate$design$issues$in$software$development– Gain$a$deeper$understanding$of$key$design$and$evaluation$methodologies
51
Course$Objectives
• By$the$end,$students$will$be$able$to…– Appreciate$design$issues$in$software$development– Gain$a$deeper$understanding$of$key$design$and$evaluation$methodologies
– Apply$quantitative$models$in$evaluating$interfaces$and$interaction$techniques
52
Course$Objectives
• By$the$end,$students$will$be$able$to…– Appreciate$design$issues$in$software$development– Gain$a$deeper$understanding$of$key$design$and$evaluation$methodologies
– Apply$quantitative$models$in$evaluating$interfaces$and$interaction$techniques
– Design$and$conduct$controlled$experiments$involving$real$users$in$a$pilot$study
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The$“Future”$of$User$Interfaces• By$John$Underkoffler– Science$advisor$for$Minority$Report– Founder$of$Oblong$Industries,$researcher$at$MIT$Media$Lab$
• Note$novelty$in:– Interaction$with$physical$objects– Spatial$navigation$via$gestures– Multiple$people$manipulation$on$very$large$displays
• Emphasis$on$putting$people’s$natural$interactions
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