COGNITIVISM THEORY What is Learning?

Kennia DelafeIDDE-621

Stimuli------Sensory Registration

Executive Control

Work

ingMem

ory Retreval

Data Lost

Long-TermMemory

Learning isan internalprocess.

InputProcessSave

Retreval

Knowledgeis organize inschemas.

GestaltPsychology(1920-1950)- Perception can bedifferent from reality.

- The whole is grather thanits parts.

- Mind seeks order andstructure in experiences.

- We tend to organize experiences in specific ways.- Learning = formation of memory traces- Problem solving = structuring and insigh

Lev Vygotsky (190-1990)- challenging tasks increase cognitive growth.- Difficult tasks can accomplished with help.

- Complex mental process are develop throuh socialactivities.

Edward C.Tolman(1930-1950)Cognitive Maps:- Phisical enviroment is maped in our minds.Porposive Behavior:- Behavior is by nature goal-directed.- Learners behave to achieve a concrete endresult.Latent Learning:

- Learning is internal, unobservable.- Reinforcement increase

performance not learning.

Jean Piaget(1920-1960)

Law ofproximity

Law ofclosure

Law ofsimilarity

Law ofPrägnanz

asimilation

equilibrium

new info??

disequilibrium

ignore

make sence!

accomodation

Sensorimotor

PreoperationalConcret

eFormal

0-2

2-6

7-11

12+

!

Learning is arelatively

permante changein mental

representationsas a result ofexperiences.