Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter 6Civil Rights
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives
Roots of Suffrage: 1800-1890LO 6.1: Trace the efforts from 1800 to 1890 of African Americans and women to win the vote.
The Push for Equality, 1890-1954LO 6.2: Outline the developments in African Americans’ and women’s push for equality from 1890 to 1954.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives
The Civil Rights MovementLO 6.3: Analyze the civil rights movement and the effects of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
The Women’s Rights MovementLO 6.4: Assess statutory and constitutional remedies for discrimination pursued and achieved by the women’s rights movement.
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman
Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives
Other Groups Mobilize for RightsLO 6.5: Describe how other groups have mobilized in pursuit of their own civil rights.
Toward Reform: Civil Rights and Affirmative Action
LO 6.6: Evaluate the ongoing debate concerning civil rights and affirmative action.
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Roots of Suffrage: 1800-1890LO 6.1: Trace the efforts from 1800 to 1890 of African Americans and women to win the vote.
• Slavery and Congress– Slave trade banned (1808)– South remains dependent upon
slave labor• Abolition and women’s
rights– Missouri Compromise (1820)– Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
• The calm before the storm– Uncle Tom’s Cabin– Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
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The Civil War and Its Aftermath: Civil Rights Laws and Constitutional Amendments
• Thirteenth Amendment: abolishes slavery
– Black codes• Fourteenth Amendment: provides
equal treatment– Equal protection clause/due process
• Fifteenth Amendment: enfranchises newly freed male slaves
– Exclusion of women
LO 6.1
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Civil Rights, Congress, and the Supreme Court
• Civil Rights Act of 1875
• Jim Crow laws• Civil rights
cases (1883)• Poll tax• Grandfather
clause
LO 6.1
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The Emancipation Proclamation did which of the following?
A. It freed all slaves in the union.B. It freed all slaves in the Confederate states.C. It did not actually free the slaves.D. It freed only the slaves of the “deep South”E. It freed only the slaves who opposed the
Confederate states.
LO 6.1
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The Emancipation Proclamation did which of the following?
A. It freed all slaves in the union.B. It freed all slaves in the Confederate
states.C. It did not actually free the slaves.D. It freed only the slaves of the “deep South”E. It freed only the slaves who opposed the
Confederate states.
LO 6.1
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The Push for Equality, (1890-1954)LO 6.2: Outline developments in African Americans’ and women’s push for equality from 1890 to 1954.
• Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)• NAACP (1909)• National American Woman
Suffrage Association (1890)• National Consumers League• Nineteenth Amendment
(1920)• Test cases• Brown v. Board of
Education (1954)
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The first of the “test cases” involved H.M. Sweat at the University of ____________, School of ____________.
A. Arkansas, BusinessB. Florida, BusinessC. Alabama, LawD. Texas, LawE. Oklahoma, Education
LO 6.2
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The first of the “test cases” involved H.M. Sweat at the University of ____________, School of ____________.
A. Arkansas, BusinessB. Florida, BusinessC. Alabama, LawD. Texas, LawE. Oklahoma, Education
LO 6.2
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The Civil Rights MovementLO 6.3: Analyze the civil rights movement and the effects of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
• Desegregation after Brown
– Resistance• Civil rights groups
– Rosa Parks• Boycotts
– Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)• Led by Martin Luther King, Jr.
– Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)• Freedom rides and sit-ins
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• Civil Rights Act of 1964– Outlawed segregation in public places– Banned discrimination in employment, education,
voting– Enabled federal intervention– Created the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission– Applied to race, creed, color, religion, national
origin, sex• Statutory remedies for race
discrimination– Education: de jure and de facto discrimination– Employment
LO 6.3The Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Which of the following organizations was led by students?
A. NAACPB. SCLCC. LDFD. SNCCE. NCL
LO 6.3
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Which of the following organizations was led by students?
A. NAACPB. SCLCC. LDFD. SNCCE. NCL
LO 6.3
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The Women’s Rights MovementLO 6.4: Assess statutory and constitutional remedies for discrimination pursued and achieved by the women’s rights movement.
• The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan (1963)
• National Organization for Women (NOW) (1966)
• Equal Rights Amendment (1972)
– Adopted but never ratified– Roe v. Wade (1973)
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The Equal Protection Clause and Constitutional Standards of Review
• Based on Fourteenth Amendment• Three different standards of review
– Strict scrutiny or heightened standard• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
– Intermediate standard• Craig v. Boren (1976)
– Minimum rationality standard• Romer v. Evens (1996)
• Statutory Remedies for sex discrimination
– Equal Pay Act of 1963– Title VII, IX
LO 6.4
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Despite protecting against many types of discrimination, the Supreme Court has allowed which of the following?
A. Draft registration for males only.B. State statutory rape laws that apply only
to female victims.C. Different requirements for a child’s
acquisition of citizenship based on whether the citizen parent is a mother or a father.
D. All of the above.
LO 6.4
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Despite protecting against many types of discrimination, the Supreme Court has allowed which of the following?
A. Draft registration for males only.B. State statutory rape laws that apply only
to female victims.C. Different requirements for a child’s
acquisition of citizenship based on whether the citizen parent is a mother or a father.
D. All of the above.
LO 6.4
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Other Groups Mobilize for RightsLO 6.5: Describe how other groups have mobilized in pursuit oftheir own civil rights.
• Hispanic Americans• American Indians• Asian and Pacific Island
Americans• Gays and lesbians• Americans with
disabilities
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Hispanic Americans
• Largest and fastest growing group in United States
• High levels of activism and rallies begin in 1960s
• United Farm Workers, National Council of La Raza
• Use of litigation by LULAC and MALDEF
LO 6.5
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American Indians
• Unique status under U.S law
• Isolation and assimilation• Native American Rights
Fund (NARF) (1970)• American Indian Movement
– Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee (1971)
• Hunting, fishing, land rights• Religious freedom• Casinos
LO 6.5
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Asian and Pacific Island Americans
• Pan Asian identity• History of restrictions on
immigration and employment
• Internment of Japanese Americans in World War II
• Korematsu v. U.S. (1944)• Civil Liberties Act of 1988
– Apology accepted?• Recent increased political
mobilization
LO 6.5
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Gays and Lesbians
• Major gains in recent years
• Lambda Legal, Lesbian Rights Project, GLAD
• “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”• Lawrence v. Texas
(2003)• Gay marriage; a state
issue
LO 6.5
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Americans with Disabilities
• Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)
• Tennessee v. Lane (2004)
• American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD)
LO 6.5
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What was the first law to restrict immigration based upon nationality?
A. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882B. The Un-Civil Rights Act of 1903C. The Immigration and Sedition Act of 1876D. The Native American and First Nation Peoples
Immigration Act of 1927E. None of the Above
LO 6.5
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What was the first law to restrict immigration based upon nationality?
A. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882B. The Un-Civil Rights Act of 1903C. The Immigration and Sedition Act of 1876D. The Native American and First Nation Peoples
Immigration Act of 1927E. None of the Above
LO 6.5
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Toward Reform: Civil Rights and Affirmative ActionLO 6.6: Evaluate the ongoing debate concerning civil rights and affirmative action.
• What is affirmative action?• Regents of the University of
California v. Bakke (1978)• The Grutter and Gratz decisions of
2003• Where does affirmative action stand
today?– Race, gender, ethnicity, etc., can be a
factor but not the only factor in determining placement or hiring
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In 1986, the elevation of __________ to Chief Justice of the Supreme Court signaled and end to advances in civil rights laws.
A. Sandra Day O’ConnorB. Antonin ScaliaC. William H. RehnquistD. Sonya SotomayorE. John Paul Stevens
LO 6.6
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In 1986, the elevation of __________ to Chief Justice of the Supreme Court signaled and end to advances in civil rights laws.
A. Sandra Day O’ConnorB. Antonin ScaliaC. William H. RehnquistD. Sonya SotomayorE. John Paul Stevens
LO 6.6
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Figure 6.1: What do people think about affirmative action?
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Table 6.1: What are the standards of review fashioned by the Court under the equal protection clause?
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