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JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012,47_76
Naomi Harada1*, Tamami Ueno2, Yuko Sagawa2, Youhei Taketomo2,
Yasushi Hashimoto2, Yutaka Matsuura2a, and Kazuhiro Sugiyama2
Marine sediment cores are usually stored in archives after collection until they are utilized. Few studies, however, have
investigated changes in the physical and chemical properties of sediment cores during storage. Therefore, it has not been known how
long archived sediment cores are useful for determining certain physical, geochemical or chemical components. To clarify changes in
physical and chemical properties of archived sediments, we monitored moisture ratio, magnetic susceptibility, lightness, color
reflectance, total carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon contents in archived sediments stored at 20–25ど, 4ど, or –20ど, using
sediment cores collected from the North Pacific seafloor near Japan. We also monitored magnetic susceptibility in foraminiferal ooze and
diatomaceous pelagic clay sediments from the North Pacific. The moisture ratio changed toward a constant value at all depths with
increasing time because pore water in the sediment could easily move throughout the sediment core. There was no significant difference
in magnetic susceptibility in hemipelagic and diatom-bearing clay sediments archived at 4ど and at 20–25ど. In foraminiferal ooze,
diatom-bearing foraminiferal ooze, and diatom-bearing pelagic silty clay, magnetic susceptibility showed a reducing trend throughout the
monitoring period, and the magnitude of reduction was larger at 20–25ど than at 4ど. Changes in lightness and color reflectance were
significant and rapid, occurring within weeks of the collection date. Slight differences in the preservation of carbon and nitrogen were
observed at different storage temperatures, with a smaller degradation rate at –20ど than at 4ど or 20–25ど. The presence of an inert
gas, argon, was not effective at preserving organic materials. The possible effectiveness of other inert gases for this purpose should be
investigated. Our results will be useful for estimating the alteration rate of physical and chemical properties of archived sediment
samples under various storage conditions.
Keywords: Marine sediment, Quality monitoring, Magnetic susceptibility, Moisture ratio, Lightness, Color reflectance, Total carbon,
Total nitrogen, Organic carbon
Received 11 October 2011 ; Accepted 19 April 2012
1 Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
2 Marine Works Japan Ltd.
Present affiliation
a Ocean Engineering & Development Co. Ltd.
*Corresponding author:
Naomi Harada
Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
Tel. +81-46-867-9504
Copyright by Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
Changes in physical and chemical properties of archived sediment
— Report —
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Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
1. Introduction
Marine sediment cores contain important records of past
climatic and environmental changes. Geological, geophysical,
geochemical, and biological features and components extracted
from sediment cores can be used as proxies to reconstruct past
environments. After a cruise, sediment cores are typically stored
at room temperature or at colder temperatures until they are used
in scientific investigations. Whether the quality and quantity of
components of stored sediment samples are maintained for a long
time has often been questioned, because vulnerable components
such as water content, color, and organic materials are known to
change or degrade in a short period. Therefore, we monitored various
physical and chemical properties including moisture ratio, magnetic
susceptibility, lightness, color reflectance, and total carbon, total
nitrogen, and organic carbon contents in marine sediment cores stored
at room temperature (20–25 ど) or at cold temperature (~4 ど) or
frozen (–20 ど) over the course of 5–6 years.
Our aim was to determine how sediment properties change
with the passage of time at various storage temperatures. The results
from this study will enable us to judge the period and temperature
for which stored sediment samples remain suitable for scientific
investigations.
2. Monitoring strategy
2.1. Sediment and frequency of data collectionSediment cores consisting of hemipelagic clay, diatom-
bearing clay, foraminiferal ooze, and diatom-bearing foraminiferal
ooze as their dominant lithology were collected with multiple (MC)
or piston corers (PC), and pilot cores (PL) during R/V Mirai cruise
MR00-ENG in 2000 and cruises MR01-ENG and MR01-K03 in
2001 (Fig. 1 and Table 1). The piston cores were cut into sections
of 1 m, and sections of all cores were split lengthwise into half-
cores. These split cores were covered with a plastic sheet and sealed
in airtight plastic bags which is multi layer structure of polyamide
and polyethylene. The air inside the bags was exhausted manually,
because the use of a vacuum device makes water exude from the
sediment. The inert gas argon (Ar) was introduced into most of the
plastic bags of core sections to investigate its effectiveness for the
preservation of organic carbon and nitrogen, but Ar was not introduced
into some sections. All half-cores were stored at 20–25 ど, 4 ど, or
–20 ど from August 2000 to November 2006. All properties, storage
conditions, and specific purposes of monitoring are summarized in
Table 2. The initial values of physical and chemical properties were
measured onboard or on land immediately after the cruise. A second
measurement of physical and chemical properties was done within
a few weeks to a few months after the initial values were obtained.
After the second measurement, data were collected at intervals of
several months to a year.
140˚E
140˚E
160
160
180
180
30 30
35 35
40 40
45 45
50 50
55˚N 55˚N
0 200400
km
12, 3
68
574
Okhotsk Sea
Japan Sea
Fig. 1. Location map of sediment cores used in this study. Numbers are core locations cited in Table 1.
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Table 1. Sediment samples used in this study.
Cruise number Sample ID Collection
dateLatitude
(N)Longitude
(E)Water depth
(m)Sediment
length (cm) Lithology
1 MR00-ENG PL-1 3 May, 2000 36°06.70' 141°47.80' 2022 30 Hemipelagic clay
2 MR01-ENG PC-1, PL-1 5 May,2001 33°36.2' 143°45' 5681 369, 32 Hemipelagic clay
3 MR01-ENG MC-1 5 May,2001 33°36.2' 143°45' 5681 27 Hemipelagic clay
4 MR01-K03 PC-3 22 June,2001 45°00.50' 164°56.94' 6027 1071 Diatom-bearing clay
5 MR01-K03 MC-1 15 June,2001 45°02.32' 170°14.72' 2647 28 Foraminifera ooze
6 MR01-K03 MC-2 16 June,2001 44°57.41' 170°21.45' 3140 29 Diatom-bearing
foraminifera ooze
7 MR01-K03 MC-3 17 June,2001 45°00.50' 164°56.93' 6027 31 Diatom-bearing clay
8 MR01-K03 MC-5 12 July,2001 39°57.38' 145°29.90' 5266 34 Diatom-bearing silty clay
*room temp equals to 20–25ど
Table 2. Physical and chemical properties, sediment storage conditions and analytical purposes.
Property Cruise No. and Sediment ID Storage temp Inert gas,
Ar Purpose Data
Moistureratio
MR01-ENG PC-1 4ど used Detection of time series alternation under 4ど Fig. 2, Appendix1-1
MR01-ENG MC-1 4ど used
Comparison between 4ど and room temp Fig. 3, Appendix1-2
MR01-ENG MC-2 room temp used
Magnetic susceptibility
MR01-ENG PC-14ど, room
temp
used Comparison among the various lithologic sediments Fig. 4, Appendix2-1
MR01-K03 MC-1, MC-2, MC-3, MC-5,
PC-3used Comparison between 4ど and room temp Fig. 5, Appendix2-2
Lightness and color
reflectance
MR01-ENG MC-1
4ど
used Detection of time series alternation under 4ど using short core Fig. 6, Appendix3-1
MR01-ENG PC-1 used Detection of time series alternation under 4ど using long core Fig. 7, Appendix3-2
Carbon and nitrogen content
MR00-ENG PL-1 4ど, -20ど used Comparison between 4ど and -20ど Fig. 8, Appendix4-1
MR01-ENG MC-1 4ど, room temp used Comparison between 4ど and room temp Fig. 9, Appendix4-2
MR01-ENG PL-01 4どused and unused
Confirm the effectiveness of the inert gas, Ar to avoid the alternation under 4ど
Fig. 10, Appendix4-3
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2.2. Moisture ratioThe moisture ratio is the weight ratio of water to dry
sediment and is different from the water content, which is the relative
weight percentage of water in the sediment. Samples were taken
from a halved core for every measurement. A spatula was used to
obtain a cubic subsample of wet sediment 2 cm on each side, which
was placed in a beaker and weighed. The weighed sediment was
then dried at 60–80 ど for 48 h. The moisture ratio was estimated
by the following equation (Ikehara, 1989):
[wet weight of sediment (g)-dry weight of sediment (g)]Moisture ratio (%) = × 100 (1) dry weight of sediment (g)
2.3. Magnetic susceptibilityA plastic cube (inner size 2.1 cm on a side and outer size
2.25 cm on a side) was used to obtain subsamples. An MS2 magnetic
susceptibility measurement system equipped with an MS2B dual
frequency sensor (Bartington Instruments Ltd., Witney, England) was
used. The system can measure values of up to 0.1 SI unit, and the
maximum resolution is 2 × 10-6 SI. The measurement accuracy is within
1%. We used the average of triplicate measurements at each analysis.
2.4. Lightness and color reflectanceThe lightness and color reflectance of the half-cores were
measured at 2-cm intervals through the transparent wrap (Saran
WrapTM, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), which
is composed of polyvinylidene chloride, using a reflectance
spectrophotometer (Minolta CM-2002, Konica Minolta, Tokyo,
Japan) at wavelengths of 400 to 700 nm. To ensure accuracy, the
spectrophotometer was used with a double-beam feedback system
that monitors the illumination on the specimen at the time of
measurement and automatically compensates for any changes in
the intensity or spectral distribution of the light. The measurement
data were converted to the L*-a*-b* system. This system can be
visualized as a cylindrical coordinate system in which the axis of
the cylinder is the lightness variable L*, which ranges from 0 (black)
to 100 (white). Parameters a* and b* are chromaticity variables that
define object color; a* is the color shift from red (+60) to green (–60),
and b* is the color shift from yellow (+60) to blue (–60). The a*b*
coordinate point (0, 0) is achromatic, and color saturation becomes
more intense with the degree of deviation of the a* and b* values
from zero. The standard deviation of replicated spectral reflectance
was within 0.3%. In opal-rich sediment, there is a good correlation
between b*and the opal content (Nürnberg and Tiedemann, 2004), and
these show a good correlation with the δ18O profile of Greenland ice
cores (Ono et al., 2005). Thus, b* can be useful in constructing an
age model for an opal-rich sediment core.
2.5. Total carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon contentsOne to two gram samples of wet sediment were acquired,
freeze-dried, and ground into a homogeneous powder with a
mortar and pestle. Ar had been introduced into some of the plastic
bags containing the sediment to prevent oxidation during storage.
We compared preservation differences among the three storage
temperatures and between samples stored with or without Ar gas. A
subsample (10–20 mg) of dry powder was placed into a tin capsule
for measurement of total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN)
content or into a silver capsule for measurement of organic carbon
(OC) content (weight percent [wt %] of dry sediment). The sample
in the silver capsule was decalcified with concentrated HCl vapor for
8 h and then deacidified with granular NaOH in a dry-conditioning
desiccator for a few days before analysis. The samples in the tin and
silver capsules were analyzed with an elemental analyzer (Perkin
Elmer Series II CHNS/O Analyzer 2400, Perkin Elmer Japan, Co.
Ltd., Yokohama, Japan). The replicate analytical errors for TC, TN,
and OC were within 2%, 6%, and 2%, respectively.
3. Results
3.1. Moisture ratioThe initial values of the moisture ratio in MR01-ENG PC-1
piston core sediments stored at 4 ど ranged from 86% to 139% and
showed considerable variation of high amplitude throughout the core
(Fig. 2 and Appendix 1-1). Moisture ratios throughout the core became
smaller than their initial values and approached constant values,
ranging from about 100% to 130%, with the passage of time. By 153
days, in October 2001, a slight loss of moisture was detected, and then
the moisture ratio remained constant until the eighth measurement in
March 2004. In September 2005, 1581 days after the sediment was
collected, the moisture ratio had fallen dramatically.
The moisture ratio was compared between 4 ど and 20–25 ど
in sediments of the foraminiferal ooze multiple core MR01-ENG
MC-1 (Appendix 1-2). The initial values showed large amplitudes,
ranging from 110% to 154% in the samples stored at 4 ど and from
90% to 154% in those stored at 20–25 ど. The moisture ratios
fell within a narrower range in this core than in the piston core,
except at the top of the sediment (Fig. 3), where the multiple corer
preserves the interface between seawater and sediment better than
the piston corer. The moisture ratio in the samples stored at 4 ど
began to decline 1581 days after the sediment core was collected,
in September 2005, whereas that in the samples stored at 20–25 ど
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Fig. 2. Changes in the moisture ratio in the MR01-ENG PC-1 core during storage at 4 ど.
Fig. 3. Changes in the moisture ratio in the MR01-ENG MC-1 core during storage at (a) 4 ど or (b) room temperature
(RT: 20–25 ど).
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had already started to decrease after 1291 days, in November 2004
(Fig. 3). The sediment stored at 20–25 ど also became drier than
that stored at 4 ど, with a maximum of 44% of moisture ratio drop
by 1987 days after the sediment was collected (Fig. 3 and Appendix
1-2). In contrast, a maximum of 16% of moisture ratio drop was lost
during storage at 4 ど during the 1987 days. After several years, the
moisture ratio anomaly (defined as the difference from the initial
value) was considerably larger with storage at 20–25 ど than at 4 ど.
Unfortunately, we did not confirm the difference of the humidity in
storage rooms between 20–25 ど and 4 ど.
3.2. Magnetic susceptibilityIn the hemipelagic sediment MR01-ENG PC-1 stored at
4 ど, the initial values of magnetic susceptibility varied from 162 to
206 × 10-5 SI units; these were the highest values among the different
sediments (Fig. 4a and Appendix 2-1). The magnetic susceptibility
decreased slightly with increasing storage time, resulting in a small
anomaly (4.5% at maximum) during the 1855-day monitoring
period. Under storage at 20–25 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility
values ranged from 169 to 180 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 5a and Appendix 2-2),
which also decreased slightly with time; the maximum anomaly
was less than 5.6% during the 1855-day monitoring period. The
difference in magnetic susceptibility between the two storage
temperatures during the monitoring period was not significant, and
at both temperatures the magnitude of the change with time was
smaller in this core than in any of the other cores.
In the foraminiferal ooze sediment MR01-K03 MC-1 stored
at 4 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values varied from 12 to
27 × 10-5 SI, the lowest values among all sediment types (Fig. 4b and
Appendix 2-1). Although no apparent trend with time was observed
in any part of this core, the differences from the initial value were
large: anomalies of 15% were observed at the second monitoring
(81 days), and the maximum anomaly was ~22%. Under storage
at 20–25 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values ranged from
6.1 to 15 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 5b and Appendix 2-2). However, the values
had decreased drastically, with a maximum deviation of ~22%, by
81 days after the initial data was collected, except at 11 cm depth
(No. 1 sample), where the magnetic susceptibility increased by
67% from the initial value during the first 81 days of storage. The
decreasing trend, observed in all parts of the core except at 11 cm
depth, continued throughout the monitoring period, and the overall
magnitude of the reduction was a little larger than the maximum
reduction under storage at 4 ど.
In the diatom-bearing foraminiferal ooze sediment
MR01-K03 MC-2 stored at 4 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility
values varied from 77 to 85 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 4c and Appendix 2-1).
Deviations of up to ~8.6% were observed during the 1855-day
monitoring period. Under storage at 20–25 ど, the initial magnetic
susceptibility values ranged from 48 to 110 × 10-5 SI, showing a
large dynamic range (Fig. 5c and Appendix 2-2). With increasing
time, deviations of up to 11.8% were observed. This sediment type
showed neither an increasing nor decreasing trend with time at
any point in the sediment core at either temperature, although the
magnitude of the deviations was slightly larger in sediment stored at
20–25 ど than in that stored at 4 ど.
In the diatom-bearing pelagic clay sediment MR01-K03
MC-3 stored at 4 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values varied
from 69 to 162 × 10-5 SI, showing a large dynamic range (Fig. 4d
and Appendix 2-1). The changes with time were within ~6% during
the 1855-days monitoring period. Under storage at 20–25 ど, the
initial magnetic susceptibility values ranged from 67 to 100 × 10-5
SI (Fig. 5d and Appendix 2-2), and the deviations were up to ~4.9%
during the monitoring period. This sediment type also did not show
any increasing or decreasing trend with time at any point in the
sediment core at either temperature, nor was there any difference
in the magnitude of the deviations between the two temperatures.
In the diatom-bearing pelagic silty clay sediment
MR01-K03 MC-5 stored at 4 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility
values varied from 31 to 64 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 4e and Appendix 2-1).
There was no increasing or decreasing trend with time at any point
in the sediment core. A large change, with a maximum difference
of 46% compared with the initial value, was measured during the
second monitoring, 81 days after the sediment was collected, but
thereafter the magnitude of the observed changes was small. Under
storage at 20–25 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values ranged
from 24 to 46 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 5e and Appendix 2-2). The changes
with time were quite large; a 66.5% deviation was measured during
the second monitoring, and the maximum anomaly during the
monitoring period was ~77%. The magnitude of the change was
larger in sediment stored at 20–25 ど than in that stored at 4 ど.
In the diatom-bearing clay sediment MR01-K03 PC-3
stored at 4 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values varied from
78 to 129 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 4f and Appendix 2-1). The deviations
during the monitoring period were up to ~9.1%. Under storage at
20–25 ど, the initial magnetic susceptibility values ranged from
91 to 132 × 10-5 SI (Fig. 5f and Appendix 2-2), and the maximum
anomaly was 7.4%. This sediment type also showed no increasing
or decreasing trend with time at either temperature, nor was any
difference in the magnitude of the deviation observed between
storage temperatures.
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Fig. 4. Changes in magnetic susceptibility (× 10-5 SI) in sediment cores stored at 4 ど: (a) MR01-ENG PC-1, (b) MR01-K03 MC-1, (c) MR01-K03 MC-2,
(d) MR01-K03 MC-3, (e) MR01-K03 MC-5, (f) MR01-K03 PC-3.
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Fig. 5. Changes in magnetic susceptibility (× 10-5 SI) in sediment cores stored at RT: (a) MR01-ENG PC-1, (b) MR01-K03 MC-1, (c) MR01-K03 MC-2,
(d) MR01-K03 MC-3, (e) MR01-K03 MC-5, (f) MR01-K03 PC-3.
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3.3. Lightness and color reflectanceHemipelagic clay sediments of the MR01-ENG MC-1
and PC-1 cores stored at 4 ど were used for monitoring L*, a*, and
b*. In core MC-1, the initial value of L* ranged from 33.5 to 39.3
(Fig. 6a and Appendix 3-1). The alteration of L* occurred quickly:
the maximum deviation from the initial value, 13%, was observed
within 19 days. L* gradually changed toward a brighter (larger)
value, with some oscillation, during the 1969 days. The initial value
of a* ranged from 3.15 to 5.53 (Fig. 6b and Appendix 3-1), and its
maximum deviation from the initial value was 38% within 19 days.
With increasing time, a* gradually tended toward a greener (more
negative) value, though with large oscillation. The initial value of
b* ranged from 6.13 to 12.6 (Fig. 6c and Appendix 3-1), and the
maximum anomaly reached 40% within 19 days, which was larger
than the maximum anomaly for L* or a*. With increasing time, b*
changed gradually toward a more blue (more negative) value, also
with large oscillation.
In the hemipelagic clay sediment MR01-ENG PC-1, the
initial value of L* ranged from 32.7 to 56.0 (Fig. 7a and Appendix
3-2), and the L* anomaly after 19 days was up to 23%. The range of
the anomaly was larger than that in MC-1, which was a short core
collected at the same location as PC-1. As in MC-1, L* in PC-1 also
changed gradually to a brighter value, with some oscillation, during
the 1969 days; at the last measurement, L* was up to 23% brighter.
The initial value of a* ranged from –0.930 to 5.05 (Fig. 7b and
Appendix 3-2), and the maximum anomaly at 19 days was 207%,
with the 19-day value being more green (more negative). With
increasing time, a* had redder (more positive) values. The alteration
was especially large in layers with a negative initial value of a* (Fig.
7b). The initial value of b* ranged from 1.64 to 14.8 (Fig. 7c and
Appendix 3-2), and the maximum change with time was 54%,
which occurred within the first 19 days of storage. With increasing
time, b* became yellower (more positive), although it became bluer
(more negative) at specific depths (around 100, 200, 277 cm, and at
the bottom of the core at 369 cm).
3.4. Total carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon contentsWe monitored TC, TN, and OC in the hemipelagic clay
sediments MR00-ENG PL-1 and MR01-ENG MC-1 and PL-1, and
compared the data between storage at 4 ど and –20 ど (Fig. 8 and
Appendix 4-1) and between storage at 20–25 ど and 4 ど (Fig. 9
and Appendix 4-2). We also monitored the effect of the presence
of Ar gas on TC, TN, and OC at 4 ど (Fig. 10 and Appendix 4-3).
At all points in the sediment cores, the initial TC content
ranged from 2.7% to 2.9% under storage at 4 ど, and from 2.1%
to 3.1% under storage at –20 ど (Figs. 8a and 8b). The initial TN
content ranged from 0.26% to 0.31% at 4 ど and from 0.27% to
0.32% at –20 ど (Figs. 8c and 8d), and that of OC ranged from
2.1% to 2.5% at 4 ど and from 2.2% to 2.6% at –20 ど at all points
in the sediment cores (Figs. 8e and 8f). These results showed that
the relative contents of carbon and nitrogen were stable throughout
the sediment cores. At the second measurement, performed 18 days
later, the TC, TN, and OC contents decreased from 2.7% to 2.1%
(reduction of 24%), from 0.29% to 0.22% (reduction of 24%), and
from 2.25% to 1.83% (reduction of 19%), respectively, at 4 ど,
and from 3.1% to 2.6% (reduction of 16%), from 0.32% to 0.26%
(reduction of 9%), and from 2.6% to 2.3% (reduction of 12%),
respectively, at –20 ど. After the second measurement, some TC,
OC, and TN values increased and showed a large deviation from
the initial value. At 2272 days after the initial measurement, TC,
TN, and OC had decreased from 2.7% to 2.6% (reduction of 5%),
from 0.26% to 0.26% (reduction of 0%) and from 2.14% to 2.09%
(reduction of 2.4%), respectively, under storage at 4 ど, and from
3.0% to 2.8% (reduction of 5%), from 0.30% to 0.29% (reduction of
3%), and from 2.5% to 2.4% (reduction of 3%), respectively, under
storage at –20 ど. The value at 7 cm depth, however, decreased by
more than 20% after 2272 days of storage at –20ど.
The initial TC, TN, and OC contents of the samples stored
at both 20–25 ど and 4 ど (Fig. 9 and Appendix 4-2) ranged from
0.23% to 0.54%, from 0.04% to 0.07%, and from 0.23% to 0.51%,
respectively. At the third measurement, 120 days after the initial
measurement, the TC, TN, and OC values decreased from 0.36%
to 0.32% (reduction of 10%), from 0.056% to 0.050% (reduction of
16%), and from 0.25% to 0.22% (reduction of 10%), respectively,
at 20–25 ど, and from 0.35% to 0.30% (reduction of 15%), from
0.056% to 0.04% (reduction of 27%), and from 0.36% to 0.29%
(reduction of 17%) at 4 ど. At the last measurement, 2272 days
after the initial measurement, the TC, TN, and OC values decreased
from 0.37% to 0.32% (reduction of 15%), from 0.05% to 0.04%
(reduction of 25%), and from 0.35% to 0.31% (reduction of 12%),
respectively, at 20–25 ど, and from 0.39% to 0.32% (reduction of
17%), from 0.06% to 0.05% (reduction of 23%), and from 0.36% to
0.32% (reduction of 11%), respectively, at 4 ど.
In the comparison between storage with and without Ar
at 4 ど (Fig. 10 and Appendix 4-3), the initial TC, TN, and OC
contents ranged from 0.25% to 0.9%, from 0.04% to 0.1%, and
from 0.24% to 0.9%, respectively, at all points in the sediment
cores. At the second measurement, 280 days after the initial
measurement, the TC, TN, and OC contents decreased from 0.91%
to 0.41% (reduction of 55%), from 0.11% to 0.05% (reduction of
52%), and from 0.92% to 0.40% (reduction of 56%), respectively,
during storage with Ar gas, and from 0.27% to 0.22% (reduction of
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Fig. 6. Changes in lightness and color reflectance in the hemipelagic sediment core MR01-ENG MC-1 under storage at 4 ど: (a) L*, (b) a*, (c) b*.
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Fig. 7. Changes in lightness and color reflectance in the hemipelagic sediment core MR01-ENG PC-1 under storage at 4 ど: (a) L*, (b) a*, (c) b*. The each
dot and line drawn in different color shows each sample. Showing of sample number with color as a legend is omitted, because the legend becomes busy due
to 185 of sample number.
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Fig. 8. Changes in TC, TN, and OC contents in the hemipelagic sediment core MR00-ENG PL-1 under storage at 4 ど or –20 ど: (a) TC at 4 ど;
(b) TC at –20ど; (c) TN at 4 ど; (d) TN at –20ど; (e) OC at 4 ど; (f) OC at –20 ど.
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Fig. 9. Changes in TC, TN, and OC contents of the hemipelagic sediment core MR00-ENG PL-1 under storage at RT or 4ど: (a) TC at RT; (b) TC at 4ど;
(c) TN at RT; (d) TN at 4ど; (e) OC at RT; (f) OC at 4ど.
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Fig. 10. Changes in TC, TN, and OC contents of the coastal sediment core MR00-ENG PL-1 stored at 4ど with or without Ar gas: (a) TC with Ar;
(b) TC without Ar; (c) TN with Ar; (d) TN without Ar; (e) OC with Ar; (f) OC without Ar.
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16%), from 0.05% to 0.03% (reduction of 29%), and from 0.26%
to 0.23% (reduction of 14%), respectively, without Ar gas. At the
fifth measurement, 1287 days after the initial measurement, the TC,
TN, and OC values respectively decreased from 0.91% to 0.51%
(reduction of 44%), from 0.11% to 0.09% (reduction of 24%), and
from 0.92% to 0.50% (reduction of 46%) with Ar, and from 0.91%
to 0.76% (reduction of 17%), from 0.11% to 0.09% (reduction of
19%), and from 0.92% to 0.73% (reduction of 21%) without Ar.
4. Discussion
4.1. Moisture ratioThe sediment half-cores were stored horizontally in the
archives. Pore water could thus move easily through the sediment,
with the result that the moisture ratio tended toward a homogeneous
value (110–130%) during the storage. Even though wrapping the
half-cores in plastic sheets and putting them in airtight plastic bags
slowed the drying of the sediment and although the humidity in
storage was kept constant until the seventh measurement (546 days)
during the monitoring period, the moisture ratio decreased abruptly
1581 days after the sediment was collected, and up to 16% of the
moisture ratio declined over five years of storage at 4 ど. The bags
were opened and samples for moisture ratio were taken from a
half-core at every measurement. In addition, void space increased
in the half-core with repeated subsampling. Thus, water would
be lost as vapor with every sampling and increasing void space
would accelerate the drying of the sediment, especially by the ninth
monitoring.
We recommend that subsampling for moisture ratio
measurement should be done onboard as soon as possible after
sediment collection to avoid shifts of pore water. If onboard
measurement is not possible, the cores should be packed in a plastic
sheet, put in an airtight plastic bag, and stored at 4 ど until the
measurement can be performed.
4.2 Magnetic susceptibilityThe monitoring of magnetic susceptibility showed no
significant alteration with increasing time in hemipelagic or
diatom-bearing clay at any storage temperature. On the other hand,
a relatively large scatter was found in the data from foraminiferal
ooze and diatom-bearing pelagic silt. The reduction in magnetic
susceptibility of these sediments was larger at 20–25 ど than at
4 ど, which implies that differences in sediment composition
(organic matter and total sulfur contents, Yamazaki et al., 2003)
and redox potential (production of dissolved Fe2+ by reduction of
ferric oxide, Yamazaki and Solheid, 2011) might affect the degree
of alteration of magnetic susceptibility with time. We compared
magnetic susceptibility (Appendix 2-1) with lightness and color
reflectance data (Appendix 3-2) in hemipelagic sediment samples
No. 1 to No. 5 in core MR01-ENG PC-1 and found no distinct
correlation or trend (Fig. 11). However, in hemipelagic sediment
the magnetic susceptibility showed no significant change with time.
Therefore, this comparison for other types of sediment such as
foraminiferal ooze and diatom-bearing silt would be valuable for
further understanding of the alteration mechanism.
On the basis of this study, magnetic susceptibility should
be measured onboard immediately after collection if the sediment is
primarily foraminiferal ooze or diatom-bearing silt.
4.3 Lightness and color reflectanceLightness and color reflectance are robust properties of
sediment with high (centimeter and millimeter) resolution, even
if the structure has been affected by local perturbations such as
bioturbation (Chapman and Shackleton, 1998). The L* value of
deep-sea sediment, as in this study, is generally interpreted as
reflecting variations in the relative contents of carbonate and clay
(Schneider et al., 1995). The maximum change in L* over time
was 23%, and the degree of alteration of L* was almost the same
after 19 days of storage as it was at the end of monitoring. Thus the
dominant shift of L* occurred soon after sediment collection and
then remained approximately constant during five years of storage.
There was a relatively large difference between the initial a*
value and that measured one year later, when a* became negative.
Although a* has been used as a proxy for ice-rafted debris (IRD)
(Helmke et al., 2002), the interpretation of a* in areas not influenced
by IRD is difficult (e.g., Debret et al., 2006). There was also a
relatively large shift of b* within the first week or month, after which
b*remained approximately constant during the five years of storage.
In laminated sediment, light colors (yellowish: high b*) correspond
to diatom-rich sediment and darker colors correspond to detrital
material (olive to olive gray silty clay: low b*). Thus, the change in
b*can be useful for determining changes in the relative abundances
of these two types of sediments (Debret et al., 2006).
The extent of darkening or brightening is affected by changes
in water content; a reduction in the sediment water content causes the
sediment to lighten (Balsam et al., 1998). A maximum of 16% of
the moisture ratio declined during storage for five years at 4 ど. In
the MC-1 core, the trend in L*, a*, and b* toward white, green, and
blue over time can be explained by the progressive drying of the
sediment during storage. In the PC-1 core, the changes in L* also can
be explained by drying, but another mechanism is needed to explain
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Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Fig. 11. Comparison of magnetic susceptibility (× 10-5 SI) with lightness and color reflectance of the hemipelagic sediment core MR01-ENG PC-1 at 4 ど:
(a) sediment No. 1; (b) No. 2; (c) No. 3; (d) No. 4; (e) No.5. R means a correlation coefficient.
63
N. Harada et al.
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
the trends of a* and b* toward redder and yellower values with time
(Fig. 7). Oxidation can plausibly influence the sediment color and
seems to have a greater effect on the color spectra than water content
in anoxic sediment (Debret et al., 2006). Among common sediment
components, iron compounds and organic matter are most subject
to oxidation. The oxidation of iron compounds to iron oxides and
oxyhydroxides typically changes the sediment color toward redder
values. Unoxidized organic matter is dark colored, and its oxidation
causes organic-containing sediment to become lighter (Deaton
and Balsam, 1993). Thus, in this study, the dominant reason for
the trend of a* and b* in PC-1 toward redder and yellower values,
respectively, with time may be oxidation of iron and organic matter.
These changes are discussed in the following section.
Our results suggest that lightness and color reflectance
should be measured immediately, while still onboard, because
alteration of these properties occurs within a couple of weeks.
4.4 Total carbon, total nitrogen, and organic carbon contentsAfter several years of storage, the difference in TC for
storage at 4 ど and –20 ど was within statistical error. For TN and
OC, the range of variation relative to initial values under storage at
–20 ど was narrower than that under storage at 4 ど. Only the OC
and TN data showed an advantage of storage at –20 ど over storage
at 4 ど. In the comparison between storage at 20–25 ど and 4 ど,
the apparent difference in TC, TN, and OC between the initial and
second measurement (18 days after collection) was smaller under
storage at 20–25 ど than at 4 ど, whereas a few years later, the
preservation did not differ between the two temperatures. Because
the vast majority of organic carbon and nitrogen produced in the
surface is remineralized into its inorganic constituents in the water
column or on the sea floor, subsequent degradation of the remaining
carbon and nitrogen in the sediment can be expected to be quite
small (Sarmient and Gruber, 2006). It seems likely that the range
of storage temperature in this study is an insignificant factor in the
degradation of organic materials in the tested cores. However, some
TC, TN, and OC values increased or showed a large difference from
the initial value after the second measurement. These differences
among samples probably reflect the heterogeneity of the sediment
composition, because a discrete sediment subsample was obtained
from the half-core for each measurement. The reduction of TC, TN,
and OC in sediment stored in an Ar atmosphere was greater than in
the sediment stored without Ar at all measurement times, suggesting
that Ar had a negative effect on preservation of carbon or nitrogen
during the storage period. For long-time storage of sediment cores,
the ambient atmosphere should be taken into account for its effect
on degradation of organic materials. The use of other inert gases
such as nitrogen to enhance preservation should be investigated.
Although, as described in section 4.3, oxidation of organic
matter may have affected the a* and b* values of PC-1, which
tended toward redder and yellower values with time, the OC
content did not show any significant degradation with time at any
storage temperature. Unfortunately, our data were insufficient to
test the significance of the relationship between colors and OC;
however, previous investigations have reported that the color of
marine sediment particles generally varies between light brown
through gray to almost black, largely reflecting differences in
the chemical speciation of iron and sulfur (Lyle, 1983; Bull and
Williamson, 2001). Thus, it seems likely that changes in a* and
b* are more sensitive indicators of oxidation than of changes in
organic carbon. However, bulk chemistry alone may be insufficient
to understand the dynamics of color change of sediment. Lorna
et al. (2009) combined time-lapse imaging of sediment profiles
with in situ measurements of color profiles and pore-water Fe and
Mn profiles in sediment from the North Sea. They reported that
the relation between sediment color and the Fe redox boundary
at different locations is likely to be related to variations in recent
infaunal bioturbation rather than variations in sediment source or
differences in bulk sediment chemistry. In addition, differences in
laboratory procedure might influence the results and make direct
comparisons of the different properties difficult. Color data for
the sample surface were obtained through a sheet of plastic wrap,
whereas the subsample for carbon and nitrogen analyses was taken
from the interior of the core. In summary, the optimum storage
temperature of sediment for TC, TN, and OC analyses is –20 ど.
However, sediment stored at 4 ど would be suitable for TC, TN, and
OC analyses for 5 years after collection.
5. Conclusion
We monitored the moisture ratio in foraminiferal ooze,
and magnetic susceptibility in hemipelagic sediment, foraminiferal
ooze, and diatom-bearing clay during several years of storage. We
also monitored lightness, color reflectance, and TC, TN, and OC
contents in hemipelagic sediment cores during several years of
storage. With the passage of time, the moisture ratio throughout
hemipelagic sediments stored at 4 ど decreased to constant values
of about 110% to 130%, although the initial values of the moisture
ratio showed considerable variation. Wrapping the half-core in a
plastic sheet and putting it in an airtight plastic bag stored at 4 ど is
useful to retain moisture in the sediment for at least 1.5 years (546
days) if the half-core has no open space. Magnetic susceptibility
64
Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
showed no significant alteration with time in hemipelagic or
diatom-bearing clay at any storage temperature, whereas a relatively
large scatter was found in foraminiferal ooze and diatom-bearing
pelagic silt. The magnetic susceptibility of both foraminiferal ooze and
diatom-bearing pelagic silt decreased more at 20–25 ど than at 4 ど,
which implies that differences in sediment composition (organic
matter and total sulfur contents) and production of dissolved Fe2+
by reduction of ferric oxide might influence magnetic susceptibility
with time. For lightness, the alteration of L* was almost the same
after 19 days of storage as at the end of monitoring. It suggests
that the dominant shift of L* occurred shortly after sediment
collection and then remained approximately constant during 5
years of storage. There was a relatively large change in a* over the
first year of storage, when a* became negative. There was also a
relatively large shift in b* within the first week or month, after which
it remained approximately constant during 5 years of storage. The
dominant reason for the trend of a* and b* in PC-1 toward redder
and yellower values, respectively, with time may be oxidation of
iron and organic matter and another factor such as bioturbation. The
differences in TC, TN, and OC values between the initial and second
measurements were smaller under storage at 20–25 ど than under
storage at 4 ど, whereas a few years later, the preservation did not
differ between the two temperatures. It seems likely that the storage
temperatures in this study did not significantly affect degradation of
organic materials in the tested cores. However, some TC, TN, and
OC values changed from the initial value after just 18 days. These
differences among samples probably reflect the heterogeneity of
the sediment composition, because a discrete sediment sample was
obtained from the half-core for each measurement.
We propose that the optimum timing to measure physical
and chemical properties of sediment samples is as follows.
(1) Moisture ratio or water content, lightness, and color
reflectance should be measured immediately, while still onboard,
because alteration of these properties occurs within a week. If
onboard measurement is not possible, the sediment cores should be
stored at 4 ど until the measurement can be performed.
(2) The alteration rate of magnetic susceptibility varies
with the type of sediment, and it should be measured immediately
in foraminiferal ooze and diatom-bearing sediment. Magnetic
susceptibility of hemipelagic sediment and diatom-bearing clay is
stable during storage for at least 5 years at any temperature.
(3) TC, TN, and OC contents are stable for 6 years in
sediment cores stored at 4 ど, although their alteration rates are
slightly lower when stored at –20 ど. Argon does not enhance
preservation of carbon or nitrogen during this storage period.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the captains and crews of R/V Mirai
for their help with sediment collection and water sampling during
the MR00-ENG, MR01-ENG, and MR01-K03 cruises. This work
was supported by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and
Technology.
References
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of water content on diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry
studies of deep-sea sediment cores, Mar. Geol., 149, 177–
189.
Bull, D. C., and R. B. Williamson (2001), Prediction of principal
metal-binding solid phases in estuarine sediments from
color image analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35, 1658–1662.
Chapman, M. R., and N. J. Shackleton (1998), What level of
resolution is attainable in a deep-sea core? Results of a
spectrometer study, Paleoceanography, 13, 311–315.
Deaton B. C., and W. L. Balsam (1993), Identifying production
zone with NUV/VIS/NIR spectra: examples from the
Caddo Limestone and Strawn Sand, Geol. Soc. Am., Abstr.
Programs, vol. 25, 8pp.
Debret, M., M. Desmet, W. Balsam, Y. Copard, P. Francus, and
C. Laj (2006), Spectrophotometer analysis of Holocene
sediments from an anoxic fjord: Saanich Inlet, British
Columbia, Canada, Mar. Geol., 229, 15–28.
Helmke, J. P., M. Schultz, and H. A. Bauch (2002), Sediment-
color record from the northeast Atlantic reveals patterns of
millennial-scale climate variability during the past 500,000
yrs, Quat. Res., 57, 49–57.
Ikehara, K. (1989), Some physical properties of shelf to basin
deposits off Sanʼin and Hokuriku district, southern part of
Japan Sea, Bull. Geol. Surv. Japan, 40(5), 239–250.
Lorna, T. R., R. Parker, G. Fones, and M. Solan (2009), Simultaneous
determination of in situ vertical transitions of color, pore-
water metals, and visualization of infaunal activity in
marine sediments. Limnol. Oceanogr., 54(5), 1801–1810,
doi:10.4319/lo.2009.54.5.1801.
Lyle, M. (1983) The brown-green color transition in marine
sediments: A marker of the Fe(III)-Fe(II) redox boundary.
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Nürnberg, D., and R., Tiedemann (2004), Environmental change
in the Sea of Okhotsk over the past 1.1 million years-
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atmospheric teleconnections to China, Paleoceanography,
19, PA4011, doi:10.1029/2004 PA001023.
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(2005), The Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles discovered in the
up stream source region of the North Pacific Intermediate
Water formation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L11607,
doi:10.1029/2004GL02260.
Sarmient, J. L., and N. Gruber (2006), Chapter 5 Organic matter
export and remineralization, Sarmient, J. L., and N. Gruber
(Eds.), Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics, Princeton
University Press, pp. 173–226.
Schneider, R. R., A. Cramp, J. E. Damuth, R. N. Hiscott, R. O.
Kowsmann, M. Lopez, F. Nanayama, W. R. Normark,
and Shipboard Scientific Party (1995), Color-reflectance
measurements obtained from leg 155 cores, Flood, R. D.,
D. J. W. Piper, A. Klaus et al., Eds., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts.,
vol. 155. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station, TX, pp.
1–65.
Yamazaki, T., A. L. Abdeldayem, and K. Ikehara (2003), Rock-
magnetic changes with reduction diagenesis in Japan
Sea sediments and preservation of geomagnetic secular
variation in inclination during the last 30,000 years, Earth
Planets and Space, 55(6), 327–340.
Yamazaki, T., and P. Solheid (2011), Maghemite-to-magnetite
reduction across the Fe-redox boundary in a sediment
core from the Ontong-Java Plateau: influence on relative
paleointensity estimation and environmental magnetic
application. Geophysical Journal International, 185(3),
1243–1254.
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Sample No.
Core depth (cmbsf)*
Initial value (%) 2nd (%) 3rd (%) 4th (%) 5th (%) 6th (%) 7th (%) 8th (%) 9th (%) 10th (%) 11th (%)
(0 day) 5 May,
2001
(38 days) 12 Jun, 2001
(66 days) 10 Jun, 2001
(102 days) 15 Aug,
2001
(153 days) 25 Oct, 2001
(209 days) 5 Dec, 2001
(546 days) 7 Nov, 2002
(1051 days) 27 Mar, 2004
(1291 days) 22 Nov,
2004
(1581 days) 8 Sep, 2005
(1987 days) 19 Oct, 2006
1 1.1 139 130 124 2 3.4 132 120 128 128 3 5.6 124 123 118 4 7.9 123 119 124 123 5 10.1 123 117 6 12.4 86 119 7 14.6 111 118 113 117 8 16.9 107 117 103 9 19.1 104 109 101 104 10 21.4 102 104 11 23.6 110 113 101 12 25.9 119 119 119 101 13 28.1 123 124 114 14 30.4 119 120 124 118 15 32.6 126 125 16 34.9 120 121 17 37.1 110 126 18 39.4 127 120 115 101 19 41.6 120 125 20 43.9 116 112 21 46.1 110 112 98 22 48.4 92 127 23 50.6 117 119 96 24 52.9 117 115 25 55.1 124 123 26 57.4 124 118 27 59.6 122 121 116 28 61.9 114 113 120 29 64.1 114 118 30 66.4 121 120 31 68.6 112 113 113
Temperature of storage
(ど)
Sample No.
Core depth
(cmbsf)
Initial value (%)
2nd(%)
3rd(%)
4th(%)
5th(%)
6th(%)
7th(%)
8th(%)
9th(%)
10th (%)
11th (%)
(0 day) 5 May, 2001
(38 days) 12 Jun, 2001
(66 days) 10 Jun, 2001
(102 days) 15 Aug,
2001
(153 days) 25 Oct, 2001
(209 days) 5 Dec, 2001
(546 days) 7 Nov, 2002
(1051 days) 27 Mar,
2004
(1291 days) 22 Nov,
2004
(1581 days) 8 Sep, 2005
(1987 days) 19 Oct, 2006
4
1 1.1 154 146 119 131 2 3.4 126 134 3 5.6 124 127 114 129 4 7.9 122 118 122 5 10.1 118 119 121 125 6 12.4 119 125 7 14.6 119 8 16.9 117 111 108 111 9 19.1 118
10 21.4 113 115 11 23.6 110 107 113 12 25.9 113 97 13 28.1 110
20~25
1 1.3 154 145 138 112 2 3.5 137 124 3 5.8 123 125 124 111 4 8.0 121 108 94 5 10.3 120 122 104 6 12.5 116 119 115 7 14.8 115 8 17.0 119 118 101 99 9 19.3 123 118
10 21.5 116 11 23.8 120 113 99.1 12 26.0 124 80 13 28.3 89.5
Appendix 1-1 Changes in moisture ratio (%) of MR01-ENG PC-1 sediment stored at 4ど.
Appendix 1-2 Comparison of moisture ratios (%) in MR01-ENG MC-1 sediment stored at 4ど and RT (20–25ど).
*Core depth in cm bellow sea floor (cmbsf): the cmbsf of center of plastic cube (2.25cm) utilized for sub-sampling.
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JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sample ID No. Core depth (cmbsf)
Initial value (× 10-5 SI)
2nd (× 10-5 SI)
3rd (×10-5 SI)
4th (×10-5 SI)
5th (×10-5 SI)
6th (×10-5 SI)
7th (×10-5 SI)
8th (×10-5 SI)
(0 day) 18 Sep, 2001
(81 days) 7 Dec, 2001
(153 days) 18 Feb, 2002
(415 days) 6 Nov, 2002
(921 days) 26 Mar,
2004
(1151 days) 11 Nov,
2004
(1451 days) 7 Sep, 2005
(1855 days) 16 Oct, 2006
MR01-ENG PC-1 sec.20
1 1901 162 159 155 160 158 158 158 159
2 1903 206 200 198 203 204 199 200 198
3 1906 200 194 196 196 195 194 197 194
4 1908 200 198 195 198 197 196 198 195
5 1910 175 171 171 172 170 172 173 171
MR01-K03 MC-1
1 1.1 27.2 25.3 22.6 25.2 24.8 25.2 25.1 25.6
2 3.4 21.4 18.2 16.0 16.8 16.8 17.9 18.0 16.8
3 5.6 12.7 13.1 16.0 16.1 14.7 15.3 15.6 13.9
4 7.9 11.9 13.9 14.6 13.8 15.0 14.6 14.6 14.2
5 10.1 15.2 13.1 13.9 13.3 12.4 13.9 13.1 13.1
MR01-K03 MC-2
1 1.1 77.3 77.9 77.9 79.8 78.4 79.8 80.9 79.8
2 3.4 78.7 78.7 77.3 79.5 79.5 79.8 80.2 78.7
3 2.1 85.2 77.9 79.4 80.6 81.2 79.5 80.7 79.8
4 4.4 84.4 80.2 79.5 80.2 80.9 80.2 80.9 80.9
MR01-K03 MC-3
1 1.1 69.0 69.2 66.4 69.0 68.5 68.5 69.6 68.2
2 3.4 79.8 78.0 75.8 78.7 79.5 79.9 79.8 79.1
3 5.6 116 114 113 115 116 115 116 116
4 7.9 162 152 154 155 155 155 157 154
5 10.1 112 112 112 114 115 115 113 113
MR01-K03 MC-5
1 1.1 55.4 29.9 26.9 31.7 31.4 30.7 30.6 31.4
2 3.4 39.4 33.5 35.0 35.1 33.5 33.2 34.3 33.9
3 5.6 30.6 39.4 36.4 38.7 38.3 37.6 38.7 38.3
4 7.9 31.1 41.5 40.8 40.4 42.3 40.8 41.2 40.4
5 10.1 63.9 55.4 53.8 56.9 54.7 55.1 56.2 56.1
MR01-K03 PC-3 sec.20
1 1800 78.4 81.6 83.7 83.4 82.8 82.0 81.6 82.4
2 1802 80.9 83.1 84.5 83.8 82.9 84.5 83.1 84.2
3 1804 129 130 127 131 126 130 132 129
4 1806 92.4 88.9 90.4 91.3 91.9 90.0 90.4 90.8
5 1809 93.7 89.6 85.2 91.0 91.1 90.0 90.4 87.8
Appendix 2-1 Changes in magnetic susceptibility (× 10-5 SI) of sediment cores stored at 4ど.
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JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sample ID No. Core depth (cmbsf)
Initial value (× 10-5 SI)
2nd (× 10-5 SI)
3rd (×10-5 SI)
4th (×10-5 SI)
5th (×10-5 SI)
6th (×10-5 SI)
7th (×10-5 SI)
8th (×10-5 SI)
(0 day)18 Sep, 2001
(81 days)7 Dec, 2001
(153 days) 18 Feb, 2002
(415 days) 6 Nov, 2002
(921 days) 26 Mar,
2004
(1151 days) 11 Nov,
2004
(1451 days) 7 Sep, 2005
(1855 days) 16 Oct, 2006
MR01-ENG PC-1 sec.20
1 1901 174.9 171.4 172.8 172.0 174.7 168.1 168.7 168.5
2 1903 170.6 166.7 163.7 166.5 168.8 164.7 163.8 164.3
3 1906 176.4 175.2 169.1 172.3 175.2 168.8 169.4 168.0
4 1908 179.8 172.0 169.8 174.0 174.2 171.6 170.6 170.6
5 1910 169.1 163.3 164.7 165.5 166.9 162.1 162.9 162.6
MR01-K03 MC-1
1 1.1 6.1 10.2 8.7 11.0 11.0 10.5 11.0 10.8
2 3.4 12.2 9.5 11.7 12.0 12.0 11.6 11.4 11.7
3 5.6 15.0 12.3 10.2 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.4 12.4
4 7.9 13.1 10.2 9.5 11.7 12.3 10.2 11.3 11.6
5 10.1 11.7 10.2 10.2 11.7 10.2 10.2 11.0 11.0
MR01-K03 MC-2
1 1.1 87.2 84.5 80.2 84.9 86.7 84.5 85.6 84.5
2 3.4 82.9 83.1 81.4 82.8 83.8 83.1 83.1 83.5
3 2.1 110.2 108.6 110.8 110.0 110.4 110.8 110.8 109.0
4 4.4 48.2 52.9 53.9 51.6 53.9 51.0 52.8 51.4
MR01-K03 MC-3
1 1.1 100.3 99.1 98.4 101.2 101.6 99.1 100.4 100.2
2 3.4 94.3 90.4 89.7 92.6 92.6 90.8 90.7 91.1
3 5.6 66.8 64.9 65.1 66.3 65.9 64.5 64.1 66.0
4 7.9 71.9 70.7 69.2 70.0 72.6 70.3 71.1 70.7
5 10.1 90.4 88.2 89.7 89.9 90.2 88.4 88.6 88.6
MR01-K03 MC-5
1 1.1 46.2 48.7 45.2 47.4 45.6 46.6 47.1 47.4
2 3.4 44.6 45.9 45.2 44.6 45.1 43.7 44.1 44.5
3 5.6 42.4 36.4 35.7 36.8 35.7 35.0 35.7 35.4
4 7.9 39.4 32.1 31.5 32.4 31.7 31.7 31.4 31.4
5 10.1 23.9 39.8 42.3 40.9 40.8 39.1 39.0 38.7
MR01-K03 PC-3 sec.20
1 1800 97.2 99.1 97.9 98.8 102.8 95.5 98.1 97.7
2 1802 91.2 85.4 84.0 85.3 88.5 84.6 84.5 84.5
3 1804 128.3 131.2 127.5 131.6 137.1 130.8 131.2 129.4
4 1806 131.6 126.8 123.9 127.9 129.3 126.4 128.0 125.7
5 1809 96.8 97.7 99.1 99.1 101.6 97.4 98.4 96.5
Appendix 2-2 Changes in magnetic susceptibility (× 10-5 SI) of sediment cores stored at RT.
69
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JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
App
endi
x 3-
1 C
hang
es in
ligh
tnes
s an
d co
lor
refle
ctan
ce o
f se
dim
ent c
ore
MR
01-E
NG
MC
-1 s
tore
d at
4ど
.
App
endi
x 3-
2 C
hang
es in
ligh
tnes
s an
d co
lor
refle
ctan
ce o
f se
dim
ent c
ore
MR
01-E
NG
PC
-1 s
tore
d at
4ど
.
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(
8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)(3
1 M
ay, 2
001)
3rd
(114
day
s)(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(19
Sep
, 200
1)5t
h (5
28 d
ays)
(7
Nov
, 200
2)6t
h (1
035
days
) (
28 M
ar, 2
004)
7th
(126
5 da
ys)
(13
Nov
, 200
4)8t
h (1
559
days
) (3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
MR
01-E
NG
11
39.3
3.19
8.85
39.6
3.37
9.82
36.9
3.62
10.7
37.3
3.38
10.2
40.6
2.97
7.91
39.9
3.10
8.53
44.7
2.25
5.77
39.4
2.85
7.90
38.4
3.05
8.13
MC
-1
23
38.0
3.41
9.76
37.7
3.31
9.56
38.6
3.51
10.0
38.2
3.84
11.0
40.0
2.83
7.73
40.8
2.94
7.70
40.2
2.88
7.88
40.3
3.01
8.23
40.2
3.37
9.02
Han
d 3A
35
38.2
3.70
10.1
38.5
3.69
10.6
38.5
4.18
11.8
38.3
3.86
10.8
40.6
3.41
8.86
41.6
3.47
8.53
40.4
3.16
8.28
40.1
3.64
9.12
38.8
3.65
9.72
47
37.4
5.15
12.6
39.2
3.72
9.43
37.8
4.96
12.8
38.7
4.60
11.8
42.9
3.90
8.83
41.4
3.55
8.30
41.0
3.54
8.52
40.8
3.44
8.42
39.7
3.88
9.47
59
36.2
4.76
12.4
38.6
3.97
10.9
37.0
4.34
11.9
38.6
4.52
11.9
41.0
3.92
9.75
40.7
3.39
8.39
41.0
3.48
8.49
39.9
3.34
8.80
39.8
3.70
9.79
611
38.1
4.79
11.4
38.7
5.03
13.1
38.6
5.02
13.0
40.1
4.82
11.9
41.9
3.97
10.7
41.9
4.14
9.42
41.9
3.99
9.31
41.8
4.19
9.45
40.9
4.44
10.6
713
35.8
4.57
11.9
39.1
4.98
12.4
38.6
4.05
12.1
38.7
4.82
12.0
40.7
4.29
9.40
41.2
3.82
8.93
41.2
4.11
9.30
41.1
3.73
7.94
40.0
4.49
10.7
815
37.1
5.48
12.1
36.9
4.90
12.0
35.5
4.73
11.3
38.4
4.80
12.0
40.3
4.10
9.17
40.3
4.39
9.01
40.2
3.61
8.30
40.4
4.08
8.94
38.4
4.52
10.2
917
38.3
4.88
11.0
38.9
5.16
12.2
38.0
4.88
12.0
39.2
5.30
12.4
41.1
4.75
10.1
40.4
4.52
9.64
40.1
4.49
9.52
40.4
4.56
9.52
39.3
4.90
11.0
1019
36.2
4.88
10.5
37.7
5.71
12.9
39.6
4.71
13.3
39.1
5.18
12.5
40.5
4.52
9.38
41.2
4.36
8.85
40.2
4.82
10.1
40.0
4.17
8.86
40.1
4.98
10.5
1121
38.5
5.53
12.2
38.9
5.05
11.4
38.5
5.38
12.2
39.5
5.11
11.3
41.0
4.72
9.55
41.3
4.47
9.05
40.1
4.44
9.39
40.6
4.65
9.77
40.1
4.84
10.3
1223
33.5
4.04
8.26
38.5
5.58
12.2
39.0
4.83
13.1
37.0
4.54
9.53
37.6
4.47
9.28
39.0
4.00
7.42
40.0
4.81
9.54
38.1
4.26
8.29
38.7
4.74
9.11
1325
35.8
4.65
8.72
37.4
5.26
11.1
36.8
5.10
10.6
37.4
5.03
9.61
38.1
4.13
7.42
38.4
4.12
7.40
38.2
3.99
7.47
38.4
4.54
8.53
37.3
4.73
8.56
1427
34.1
3.15
6.13
35.3
5.05
10.3
34.9
4.21
9.63
35.7
4.44
8.31
38.8
2.60
4.94
36.1
2.92
5.69
41.4
2.92
5.06
35.1
3.23
6.35
36.5
3.58
6.41
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)
(31
May
, 200
1)3r
d (1
14 d
ays)
(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(1
9 Se
p, 2
001)
5th
(528
day
s)
(7 N
ov, 2
002)
6th
(103
5 da
ys)
(28
Mar
, 200
4)7t
h (1
265
days
)
(1
3 N
ov, 2
004)
8th
(155
9 da
ys)
(3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)
(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
PC-0
1A se
c.11
142
.33.
669.
0238
.74.
0611
.039
.53.
9010
.741
.82.
837.
5341
.73.
148.
5740
.83.
689.
8539
.63.
449.
0741
.13.
499.
3339
.33.
8210
.2
PC-0
1A se
c.12
341
.34.
4710
.341
.14.
3110
.339
.24.
7311
.939
.54.
4511
.140
.94.
1710
.242
.14.
029.
6042
.34.
069.
4140
.04.
2310
.740
.24.
4610
.8
PC-0
1A se
c.13
539
.94.
3910
.539
.74.
7212
.239
.24.
8712
.239
.14.
7411
.741
.44.
3710
.242
.33.
859.
0640
.84.
309.
9339
.84.
4510
.740
.74.
3810
.1
PC-0
1A se
c.14
742
.44.
2710
.839
.24.
8912
.038
.25.
0912
.436
.95.
4013
.142
.14.
399.
4442
.44.
179.
3943
.43.
858.
3240
.04.
8111
.039
.34.
7811
.2
PC-0
1A se
c.15
938
.84.
8110
.838
.75.
0711
.838
.55.
2412
.436
.05.
0511
.939
.14.
629.
6440
.94.
609.
7640
.44.
569.
7539
.84.
7410
.439
.74.
7710
.1
PC-0
1A se
c.16
1138
.04.
9910
.437
.55.
1011
.936
.85.
0411
.434
.85.
3812
.337
.54.
428.
7639
.04.
348.
5739
.04.
158.
2938
.24.
449.
2938
.44.
8310
.1
PC-0
1A se
c.17
1335
.14.
227.
9936
.14.
9210
.435
.95.
0910
.931
.05.
0410
.536
.24.
157.
3838
.74.
408.
1637
.23.
827.
2937
.44.
548.
6336
.63.
987.
14
PC-0
1A se
c.18
1532
.73.
496.
2532
.23.
867.
3029
.84.
047.
6329
.84.
027.
8736
.24.
147.
3736
.33.
686.
5437
.74.
207.
5032
.43.
486.
2433
.33.
105.
10
PC-0
1A se
c.19
1738
.15.
0510
.935
.05.
8012
.435
.95.
6912
.235
.55.
5810
.938
.24.
849.
2338
.24.
678.
2737
.34.
187.
1636
.55.
3810
.437
.44.
688.
42
PC-0
1A se
c.110
1934
.04.
247.
2833
.33.
807.
9232
.04.
379.
4030
.14.
598.
7235
.83.
306.
8836
.63.
366.
4436
.33.
095.
9535
.83.
617.
2334
.63.
746.
98
PC-0
1A se
c.111
2139
.72.
348.
9138
.42.
979.
6737
.23.
3711
.336
.33.
6510
.139
.92.
998.
5039
.53.
067.
8638
.23.
146.
8738
.73.
258.
3039
.33.
108.
70
PC-0
1A se
c.112
2337
.72.
348.
4835
.93.
0010
.536
.92.
6610
.137
.82.
749.
2439
.42.
267.
2340
.21.
977.
0540
.62.
157.
2939
.52.
047.
5538
.62.
788.
62
PC-0
1A se
c.113
2539
.42.
9310
.138
.52.
3410
.338
.92.
7410
.839
.62.
889.
3841
.72.
528.
6741
.92.
458.
4341
.52.
808.
3141
.52.
629.
1940
.52.
899.
53
PC-0
1A se
c.114
2738
.22.
228.
8038
.33.
1511
.838
.32.
9711
.239
.02.
879.
8541
.22.
809.
0941
.02.
968.
4540
.72.
767.
7640
.82.
939.
5539
.03.
028.
48
PC-0
1A se
c.115
2941
.53.
2610
.934
.13.
5111
.439
.13.
8113
.138
.42.
5910
.442
.93.
1910
.342
.93.
179.
3042
.52.
548.
6241
.43.
3910
.341
.82.
579.
02
PC-0
1A se
c.116
3139
.33.
2710
.437
.73.
3912
.537
.93.
5012
.138
.93.
2010
.741
.53.
039.
2641
.93.
069.
0741
.92.
538.
0741
.53.
209.
7040
.93.
028.
94
PC-0
1A se
c.117
3339
.92.
599.
6034
.23.
3411
.037
.13.
7411
.837
.23.
199.
5741
.33.
249.
2340
.93.
138.
5843
.33.
309.
8440
.63.
379.
4242
.33.
419.
89
PC-0
1A se
c.118
3536
.62.
687.
7838
.33.
2511
.735
.43.
4110
.936
.13.
119.
8940
.02.
958.
4940
.32.
938.
1239
.02.
657.
0139
.82.
988.
6638
.32.
937.
72
PC-0
1A se
c.119
3741
.73.
1011
.338
.83.
5012
.239
.93.
5112
.340
.82.
6910
.542
.73.
1210
.043
.52.
819.
5343
.22.
228.
6142
.53.
3010
.343
.42.
8710
.5
70
Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)
(31
May
, 200
1)3r
d (1
14 d
ays)
(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(1
9 Se
p, 2
001)
5th
(528
day
s)
(7 N
ov, 2
002)
6th
(103
5 da
ys)
(28
Mar
, 200
4)7t
h (1
265
days
)
(1
3 N
ov, 2
004)
8th
(155
9 da
ys)
(3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)
(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
PC-0
1A se
c.120
3938
.82.
7110
.038
.33.
1711
.436
.93.
5211
.438
.53.
3310
.440
.63.
008.
4240
.43.
148.
4940
.93.
038.
0339
.83.
359.
4440
.03.
289.
50PC
-01A
sec.1
2141
36.2
2.95
8.81
35.4
3.14
10.2
35.1
3.41
10.6
35.3
2.88
8.38
39.0
2.74
7.59
39.4
2.78
7.52
40.3
2.96
8.21
38.6
2.96
8.34
37.2
2.84
7.47
PC-0
1A se
c.122
4339
.42.
979.
8141
.42.
9111
.537
.23.
3111
.339
.73.
1210
.641
.11.
758.
2741
.32.
648.
1942
.72.
328.
2340
.62.
839.
1040
.62.
918.
79
PC-0
1A se
c.123
4544
.12.
0411
.142
.62.
6712
.043
.02.
6911
.843
.72.
6010
.645
.32.
7110
.245
.82.
509.
5345
.22.
619.
3145
.52.
5810
.244
.22.
9410
.6
PC-0
1A se
c.124
4745
.32.
8011
.244
.52.
9212
.744
.42.
9512
.744
.02.
6511
.146
.92.
5910
.446
.72.
6010
.046
.12.
439.
7346
.12.
7310
.946
.32.
6510
.3
PC-0
1A se
c.125
4942
.12.
4611
.043
.42.
5111
.742
.62.
6111
.943
.42.
4310
.646
.12.
329.
7246
.12.
208.
9847
.42.
409.
8245
.12.
289.
9745
.12.
329.
72
PC-0
1A se
c.126
5145
.51.
8410
.443
.32.
5612
.243
.12.
6812
.442
.32.
1310
.645
.72.
249.
7946
.12.
5410
.046
.82.
6010
.245
.92.
7911
.245
.72.
5810
.4
PC-0
1A se
c.127
5343
.91.
879.
7242
.51.
8210
.842
.31.
8710
.843
.61.
9910
.445
.11.
638.
8344
.81.
698.
5644
.91.
708.
1944
.31.
769.
1644
.71.
799.
04
PC-0
1A se
c.128
5545
.01.
989.
9044
.92.
1811
.043
.92.
2111
.344
.02.
1210
.346
.91.
919.
0846
.31.
939.
0046
.01.
888.
6546
.02.
059.
7345
.91.
969.
12
PC-0
1A se
c.129
5744
.60.
330
7.21
44.2
1.02
7.37
43.3
1.33
8.38
42.6
1.40
8.19
46.0
1.43
7.19
46.1
1.69
7.94
46.1
1.77
8.53
45.7
1.86
8.47
45.5
1.79
8.22
PC-0
1A se
c.130
5944
.50.
650
6.18
43.2
0.88
07.
1442
.51.
137.
5542
.11.
177.
4445
.91.
437.
1945
.31.
597.
2546
.11.
597.
4945
.11.
637.
9345
.21.
707.
87
PC-0
1A se
c.131
6145
.10.
640
6.86
42.1
1.11
8.37
43.0
1.29
8.38
39.9
1.43
8.59
45.9
1.73
7.92
46.1
1.79
7.89
46.4
1.70
7.79
45.5
2.03
9.19
45.3
2.05
8.73
PC-0
1A se
c.132
6343
.9-0
.050
5.45
42.1
0.98
07.
6042
.21.
097.
2539
.71.
117.
3644
.71.
427.
1944
.71.
537.
2245
.31.
747.
9344
.31.
808.
5643
.41.
617.
91
PC-0
1A se
c.133
6542
.30.
380
5.27
41.4
0.93
06.
9439
.81.
278.
2136
.81.
338.
67-
--
44.6
1.29
6.61
44.1
1.30
6.53
42.8
1.35
7.10
44.0
1.48
7.09
PC-0
1A se
c.234
6737
.10.
310
4.79
41.3
0.88
06.
0839
.01.
217.
2436
.21.
036.
2144
.21.
236.
5745
.91.
084.
8343
.21.
145.
2941
.91.
487.
1041
.21.
235.
65
PC-0
1A se
c.235
6940
.7-0
.290
4.84
39.2
0.75
05.
3239
.31.
347.
8539
.71.
398.
1542
.71.
215.
8343
.71.
386.
3343
.71.
556.
7942
.41.
487.
0343
.61.
637.
08
PC-0
1A se
c.236
7143
.90.
360
5.70
40.8
0.80
06.
1240
.71.
097.
1842
.51.
127.
6343
.81.
276.
2844
.61.
466.
8345
.71.
457.
0843
.91.
617.
8144
.31.
527.
11
PC-0
1A se
c.237
7344
.10.
340
4.87
42.7
0.69
06.
3441
.91.
037.
2043
.81.
247.
9344
.01.
387.
0645
.51.
366.
8545
.51.
346.
4844
.41.
497.
4045
.41.
416.
78
PC-0
1A se
c.238
7539
.8-0
.050
5.73
45.1
1.06
7.21
42.8
1.38
8.59
42.4
1.30
7.95
45.4
0.30
06.
8346
.71.
898.
2446
.21.
827.
9445
.82.
089.
2946
.71.
908.
11
PC-0
1A se
c.239
7742
.20.
150
5.22
43.1
1.12
6.81
42.5
1.06
7.51
40.8
1.15
8.07
46.4
1.65
8.06
46.5
1.75
7.91
45.5
1.63
7.35
44.7
1.67
7.95
45.3
1.70
7.71
PC-0
1A se
c.240
7942
.8-0
.260
5.09
42.5
0.78
07.
0341
.10.
860
7.26
42.6
0.92
07.
1444
.71.
326.
9744
.91.
316.
7645
.11.
186.
5944
.71.
447.
3444
.51.
367.
06
PC-0
1A se
c.241
8142
.90.
320
4.99
42.7
0.84
06.
8242
.31.
067.
3242
.91.
007.
0044
.40.
560
6.21
45.5
1.26
6.90
46.6
1.30
6.78
45.2
1.54
7.96
45.6
1.52
7.35
PC-0
1A se
c.242
8342
.60.
220
4.83
42.7
0.88
06.
5142
.40.
930
6.90
42.3
0.93
06.
7945
.01.
106.
4244
.61.
176.
2845
.01.
196.
2443
.31.
427.
1143
.71.
516.
68
PC-0
1A se
c.243
8542
.2-0
.260
4.99
42.3
0.79
05.
9842
.40.
940
6.82
42.8
1.07
7.35
44.7
0.18
05.
8445
.21.
326.
5244
.81.
226.
3844
.51.
417.
2945
.01.
446.
95
PC-0
1A se
c.244
8744
.50.
360
5.92
43.5
1.06
6.95
43.7
1.28
7.99
43.2
1.39
8.56
44.8
1.13
6.32
46.9
1.69
7.86
47.0
1.71
7.80
46.7
1.77
8.14
46.3
1.89
8.46
PC-0
1A se
c.245
8942
.0-0
.340
4.75
43.7
0.91
5.74
42.4
1.30
7.79
40.2
1.02
7.02
46.9
0.96
07.
7744
.91.
476.
9445
.61.
526.
7744
.31.
547.
3444
.51.
557.
14
PC-0
1A se
c.246
9143
.00.
300
5.03
43.3
0.82
05.
7242
.41.
077.
2142
.31.
278.
1943
.50.
230
5.73
44.5
1.41
7.07
44.8
1.33
6.84
44.7
1.45
7.32
45.1
1.42
6.95
PC-0
1A se
c.247
9342
.50.
380
5.39
42.9
0.85
05.
9142
.61.
087.
1142
.51.
307.
7745
.41.
387.
2546
.21.
416.
5345
.71.
366.
5945
.21.
567.
4544
.81.
536.
99
PC-0
1A se
c.248
9541
.8-0
.120
4.97
42.8
0.86
05.
6441
.51.
077.
4440
.81.
187.
5245
.61.
356.
8143
.51.
256.
1043
.61.
225.
9843
.01.
396.
7343
.91.
366.
55
PC-0
1A se
c.249
9738
.60.
640
3.52
40.4
1.09
7.10
40.2
1.08
6.26
36.4
1.17
6.38
46.7
1.21
5.58
40.2
1.03
3.91
38.9
1.07
4.85
37.5
1.11
3.62
40.2
1.20
5.22
PC-0
1A se
c.250
9936
.90.
400
1.64
34.0
0.98
03.
5832
.80.
990
3.44
37.1
0.46
01.
1641
.00.
880
3.38
35.6
0.95
02.
3333
.40.
970
2.47
33.1
0.93
02.
2033
.60.
990
2.67
PC-0
1A se
c.251
101
43.2
-0.0
205.
2243
.31.
528.
5943
.31.
889.
2640
.31.
608.
0933
.90.
970
2.55
41.8
1.43
5.85
44.1
1.91
7.92
40.9
1.70
6.76
44.6
2.06
8.19
PC-0
1A se
c.252
103
41.5
0.33
04.
8842
.00.
880
6.37
41.3
1.09
6.92
41.7
1.15
7.21
43.8
1.82
8.09
43.6
1.16
5.78
44.3
1.12
5.59
43.2
1.20
6.06
43.6
1.22
5.84
PC-0
1A se
c.253
105
44.6
0.46
05.
7940
.71.
026.
1643
.21.
308.
2744
.21.
659.
0943
.21.
115.
9546
.51.
697.
7045
.11.
406.
3345
.51.
788.
4045
.21.
567.
12
PC-0
1A se
c.254
107
45.2
0.41
05.
8944
.31.
157.
1844
.41.
578.
8642
.91.
458.
7145
.30.
880
6.93
47.1
1.87
8.34
47.4
1.83
8.09
46.9
1.97
8.80
47.3
1.86
8.03
PC-0
1A se
c.255
109
44.6
-0.0
506.
1844
.31.
045.
8343
.01.
549.
1241
.91.
378.
1546
.61.
698.
1346
.21.
697.
7846
.51.
667.
5745
.91.
828.
3846
.51.
948.
36
PC-0
1A se
c.256
111
44.9
0.55
06.
3343
.91.
156.
9044
.71.
508.
9043
.81.
538.
9745
.71.
547.
5846
.61.
727.
7845
.61.
617.
3246
.21.
858.
3647
.01.
858.
13
PC-0
1A se
c.257
113
43.3
0.44
05.
8143
.51.
177.
2344
.01.
509.
0641
.21.
128.
1546
.41.
678.
0846
.21.
748.
1545
.51.
567.
4646
.01.
979.
0146
.21.
838.
15
PC-0
1A se
c.258
115
44.4
0.03
05.
9342
.00.
770
5.45
43.2
1.56
9.12
43.8
2.03
10.9
46.1
1.69
8.33
46.3
1.97
8.77
45.7
1.58
7.45
45.9
2.19
9.68
45.7
1.81
8.16
PC-0
1A se
c.259
117
42.5
0.75
06.
6243
.71.
669.
2742
.82.
2411
.141
.72.
0410
.846
.51.
908.
6445
.82.
219.
0846
.62.
259.
0445
.62.
289.
4546
.32.
459.
67
PC-0
1A se
c.260
119
40.8
1.19
8.89
40.5
1.94
9.92
41.0
1.97
10.1
37.9
3.03
11.2
45.6
2.10
8.98
42.9
2.28
8.26
44.4
2.41
8.72
43.2
2.70
9.85
44.3
2.45
9.10
PC-0
1A se
c.261
121
43.4
-0.4
005.
4038
.92.
669.
0641
.31.
719.
1240
.91.
167.
1643
.02.
127.
9743
.21.
977.
8444
.02.
128.
0644
.12.
199.
1344
.42.
358.
91
App
endi
x 3-
2 (C
ontin
ued)
* -: N
o da
ta
71
N. Harada et al.
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)
(31
May
, 200
1)3r
d (1
14 d
ays)
(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(1
9 Se
p, 2
001)
5th
(528
day
s)
(7 N
ov, 2
002)
6th
(103
5 da
ys)
(28
Mar
, 200
4)7t
h (1
265
days
)
(1
3 N
ov, 2
004)
8th
(155
9 da
ys)
(3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)
(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
PC-0
1A se
c.262
123
45.0
-0.3
205.
0542
.90.
870
6.79
42.8
1.14
7.56
43.4
1.21
8.27
44.6
1.89
8.15
45.3
1.50
6.91
45.4
1.49
6.77
45.8
1.77
8.27
44.7
1.57
7.15
PC-0
1A se
c.263
125
46.5
0.69
06.
9744
.20.
960
7.73
45.1
1.29
8.90
45.2
1.49
9.71
45.7
0.87
06.
8647
.01.
788.
4547
.41.
718.
1946
.61.
858.
8747
.01.
878.
69
PC-0
1A se
c.264
127
45.4
0.86
07.
4342
.70.
840
7.26
43.1
1.30
8.43
44.7
1.78
9.93
47.5
1.77
8.70
46.9
1.90
8.55
44.0
1.35
6.75
47.0
2.10
9.61
43.8
1.49
7.12
PC-0
1A se
c.265
129
46.2
0.32
07.
1744
.61.
318.
7544
.31.
649.
3740
.21.
037.
5247
.21.
748.
2847
.81.
988.
7947
.61.
787.
9847
.21.
948.
8047
.22.
008.
49
PC-0
1A se
c.266
131
44.6
0.82
06.
9940
.10.
940
7.42
42.5
1.57
9.53
45.7
2.73
13.1
47.7
1.76
8.25
46.9
1.96
8.82
44.2
1.42
7.26
48.0
2.27
10.0
44.1
1.55
7.67
PC-0
1A se
c.267
133
47.9
2.47
11.2
49.2
2.58
11.2
48.3
2.92
11.8
45.1
2.82
12.3
48.5
2.04
9.29
49.4
3.20
11.9
49.1
3.14
11.6
49.4
3.35
12.4
49.1
3.28
11.7
PC-0
1A se
c.268
135
49.2
2.80
12.7
46.6
2.47
10.4
46.9
3.59
13.6
42.5
2.75
12.1
48.7
2.92
11.6
48.4
3.65
12.2
49.0
3.54
11.8
46.3
3.42
12.0
48.3
3.52
12.1
PC-0
1A se
c.269
137
46.6
2.77
11.0
44.7
3.16
11.8
44.9
3.34
12.9
38.1
2.53
10.4
47.2
3.09
11.1
46.4
2.75
10.2
47.6
3.11
10.7
46.5
3.12
11.2
46.3
3.80
12.3
PC-0
1A se
c.270
139
48.7
2.06
10.2
42.0
2.42
9.26
47.3
3.26
12.3
46.5
2.75
12.3
46.4
2.79
10.6
47.9
3.00
10.8
43.9
2.62
9.01
47.4
3.27
11.4
46.7
3.21
11.0
PC-0
1A se
c.271
141
55.9
2.07
9.73
56.7
2.24
9.15
56.1
2.79
12.3
56.4
2.70
12.0
45.1
2.04
8.67
57.8
2.86
11.3
56.2
2.83
11.0
57.3
2.92
11.8
57.5
2.95
11.4
PC-0
1A se
c.272
143
49.3
1.36
9.63
54.3
1.99
8.92
54.7
2.27
10.1
49.9
2.34
9.56
56.3
2.52
10.3
58.7
2.26
8.09
55.1
3.21
12.4
55.5
3.10
12.4
54.1
3.35
13.1
PC-0
1A se
c.273
145
40.3
0.77
04.
9452
.01.
669.
5149
.91.
6810
.137
.51.
276.
9756
.32.
058.
9349
.51.
638.
6743
.41.
285.
8947
.41.
638.
1844
.21.
366.
20
PC-0
1A se
c.274
147
40.0
1.51
5.12
38.6
1.42
6.81
36.2
1.93
7.57
36.7
2.05
6.89
41.3
1.18
5.02
42.0
1.53
5.93
40.8
1.72
5.75
39.6
2.12
6.58
42.1
1.82
6.00
PC-0
1A se
c.275
149
37.9
2.04
6.83
37.1
2.09
7.16
34.7
2.70
9.41
36.4
2.49
8.30
40.0
1.95
5.52
40.7
2.18
6.00
40.7
2.25
6.26
39.5
2.52
7.20
38.3
2.25
6.15
PC-0
1A se
c.276
151
37.9
1.68
7.05
36.0
2.54
8.74
34.3
2.98
9.72
33.2
3.04
9.90
39.8
2.22
6.09
39.2
2.68
6.87
39.2
2.56
6.90
38.1
2.79
7.50
39.1
2.67
7.12
PC-0
1A se
c.277
153
37.0
2.28
7.24
35.8
2.38
8.51
34.0
2.73
8.78
32.0
2.77
8.68
39.0
2.42
6.92
38.0
2.51
6.43
39.7
2.40
6.77
36.6
2.77
7.08
39.5
2.17
6.53
PC-0
1A se
c.278
155
36.5
1.40
5.95
40.6
0.66
05.
6040
.40.
870
6.86
39.5
0.91
07.
4039
.31.
826.
1043
.21.
056.
2142
.91.
005.
6743
.11.
106.
4943
.31.
146.
29
PC-0
1A se
c.279
157
41.9
0.20
04.
9543
.20.
620
6.43
44.1
0.90
07.
3843
.10.
830
7.28
42.0
0.92
05.
3146
.11.
287.
1945
.91.
216.
8645
.61.
437.
6446
.11.
367.
09
PC-0
1A se
c.280
159
45.6
0.22
05.
3343
.70.
520
5.83
43.9
0.73
06.
5243
.90.
760
6.80
45.8
1.14
6.71
46.2
1.23
6.59
46.4
1.13
5.98
45.7
1.20
6.63
45.4
1.26
6.49
PC-0
1A se
c.281
161
47.1
-0.1
804.
1444
.60.
570
6.05
45.5
0.87
07.
2044
.81.
148.
2245
.91.
036.
1048
.61.
648.
2447
.71.
557.
5948
.21.
839.
1046
.91.
447.
20
PC-0
1A se
c.282
163
46.9
0.45
06.
4145
.50.
980
7.54
44.4
1.27
7.87
42.3
1.28
7.79
48.1
1.62
8.49
46.2
1.44
6.98
45.1
1.58
7.77
44.8
1.71
8.66
44.9
1.56
7.10
PC-0
1A se
c.283
165
45.1
0.12
05.
4944
.11.
329.
1942
.42.
1311
.643
.22.
3111
.045
.81.
367.
0046
.01.
717.
4647
.42.
078.
9542
.72.
329.
4945
.92.
7410
.3
PC-0
1A se
c.284
167
40.7
1.43
10.6
44.2
1.93
9.51
45.5
1.54
6.74
42.9
2.46
9.52
47.0
2.43
9.22
46.1
2.18
8.96
45.5
2.18
9.05
44.7
2.21
9.54
44.7
2.23
8.41
PC-0
1A se
c.285
169
44.4
2.10
8.24
42.0
2.54
9.03
41.5
1.66
5.99
--
--
--
44.7
1.97
6.93
44.5
1.31
4.00
45.5
1.94
6.40
44.0
2.37
8.66
PC-0
1A se
c.386
171
45.0
1.00
3.99
43.0
1.33
4.86
41.6
1.24
5.92
41.9
1.44
5.32
46.0
1.81
5.93
44.1
1.59
6.86
40.8
1.62
6.72
43.7
1.90
8.43
43.0
1.84
7.81
PC-0
1A se
c.387
173
40.3
0.49
04.
2644
.30.
860
4.76
42.1
1.28
6.77
39.9
1.39
7.14
46.9
1.74
5.90
43.0
1.34
5.39
41.2
1.28
4.80
39.8
1.28
4.38
41.1
1.44
5.19
PC-0
1A se
c.388
175
38.9
0.19
04.
0640
.00.
970
4.68
43.1
1.22
7.45
38.9
1.31
7.20
44.2
1.55
6.85
45.3
1.39
6.83
44.5
1.46
7.01
44.6
1.43
7.27
45.3
1.50
7.25
PC-0
1A se
c.389
177
43.4
0.39
05.
1043
.31.
036.
7244
.21.
468.
3642
.71.
478.
3539
.61.
163.
9644
.11.
216.
2145
.91.
527.
1945
.81.
768.
3446
.41.
748.
03
PC-0
1A se
c.390
179
43.4
-0.2
304.
3845
.11.
267.
9546
.11.
799.
4343
.51.
588.
5944
.61.
286.
6547
.71.
958.
6746
.71.
617.
4546
.62.
129.
3747
.22.
159.
06
PC-0
1A se
c.391
181
45.7
0.55
06.
7745
.31.
478.
9645
.72.
4911
.644
.72.
0710
.543
.80.
620
5.96
49.7
2.35
8.99
48.6
2.33
9.55
47.6
2.63
11.1
48.7
2.86
11.4
PC-0
1A se
c.392
183
45.3
0.89
07.
9445
.81.
869.
7845
.42.
7311
.945
.52.
7312
.847
.21.
838.
6249
.12.
659.
6546
.92.
9811
.048
.03.
0812
.047
.03.
1712
.0
PC-0
1A se
c.393
185
42.2
0.48
08.
6947
.51.
708.
2842
.92.
8512
.845
.82.
4310
.948
.52.
188.
9748
.02.
789.
7349
.12.
579.
5745
.83.
2511
.846
.43.
3712
.1
PC-0
1A se
c.394
187
43.4
0.50
07.
3545
.61.
718.
9642
.11.
939.
9244
.72.
7712
.148
.12.
7110
.246
.52.
188.
7944
.01.
938.
3443
.22.
239.
5444
.72.
199.
31
PC-0
1A se
c.395
189
43.4
-0.7
606.
2043
.11.
478.
6940
.11.
527.
3244
.81.
386.
5747
.72.
629.
2844
.51.
677.
2942
.81.
496.
5942
.11.
586.
4841
.81.
536.
52
PC-0
1A se
c.396
191
42.7
0.25
05.
1440
.01.
286.
3341
.21.
597.
5439
.81.
526.
9244
.01.
557.
5146
.01.
586.
2943
.81.
767.
0944
.82.
078.
9243
.31.
807.
29
PC-0
1A se
c.397
193
43.9
0.75
05.
3040
.71.
357.
0844
.51.
849.
5943
.11.
9610
.042
.71.
536.
0046
.91.
858.
1246
.01.
898.
1446
.72.
018.
8146
.72.
098.
97
PC-0
1A se
c.398
195
45.7
0.64
06.
0943
.81.
598.
9944
.82.
1210
.944
.22.
0010
.445
.01.
727.
1348
.62.
109.
0348
.31.
978.
6647
.72.
3310
.348
.22.
329.
83
PC-0
1A se
c.399
197
44.5
-0.1
207.
3744
.81.
639.
7443
.81.
8810
.244
.52.
1211
.147
.01.
858.
1148
.02.
219.
6646
.42.
4110
.447
.32.
3010
.247
.12.
169.
41
PC-0
1A se
c.310
019
943
.10.
580
8.08
44.6
1.45
8.79
41.3
1.46
8.23
43.1
1.85
10.2
48.8
0.59
09.
2647
.21.
657.
4046
.61.
988.
6644
.11.
607.
5945
.62.
019.
07
PC-0
1A se
c.310
120
142
.10.
390
5.08
42.8
1.27
8.06
35.3
1.11
5.28
43.6
1.04
5.91
49.1
1.86
8.05
40.3
0.87
03.
2740
.20.
970
3.22
37.6
1.01
3.83
36.1
0.96
03.
28
PC-0
1A se
c.310
220
336
.10.
190
3.39
35.1
0.74
02.
8144
.71.
599.
0039
.10.
620
2.38
45.1
1.28
6.13
47.8
1.88
8.23
48.3
1.77
7.46
46.4
2.10
9.40
46.9
2.06
9.17
PC-0
1A se
c.310
320
543
.90.
430
6.73
44.3
1.39
8.65
44.5
1.71
9.84
44.4
1.71
9.60
41.4
0.43
04.
4448
.91.
807.
8246
.81.
958.
9146
.72.
229.
7347
.02.
199.
58
App
endi
x 3-
2 (C
ontin
ued)
* -: N
o da
ta
72
Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)
(31
May
, 200
1)3r
d (1
14 d
ays)
(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(1
9 Se
p, 2
001)
5th
(528
day
s)
(7 N
ov, 2
002)
6th
(103
5 da
ys)
(28
Mar
, 200
4)7t
h (1
265
days
)
(1
3 N
ov, 2
004)
8th
(155
9 da
ys)
(3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)
(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
PC-0
1A se
c.310
420
743
.60.
480
7.01
43.9
1.43
9.12
41.5
1.86
9.52
42.9
1.76
9.74
48.1
1.58
7.27
47.6
1.85
8.09
46.2
1.94
8.68
45.5
2.08
8.57
45.0
2.12
8.70
PC-0
1A se
c.310
520
943
.60.
650
5.30
42.5
1.46
9.10
40.6
1.63
6.85
41.7
1.85
9.24
47.9
1.01
7.45
43.8
1.75
6.29
43.1
1.92
6.97
42.8
1.83
6.25
42.8
2.00
7.26
PC-0
1A se
c.310
621
140
.1-0
.270
5.53
42.0
1.37
7.06
43.7
1.58
8.65
43.5
1.69
8.35
47.3
1.60
6.49
46.5
1.73
7.82
42.9
1.80
8.62
45.3
1.73
8.51
46.6
1.72
7.47
PC-0
1A se
c.310
721
342
.10.
000
5.90
44.0
1.19
7.70
42.6
1.60
9.14
44.5
1.37
7.56
45.4
1.74
7.29
46.4
1.54
7.21
44.0
1.64
7.21
44.5
1.77
8.32
44.5
1.85
7.91
PC-0
1A se
c.310
821
541
.80.
470
5.82
42.1
1.25
7.85
46.3
1.77
10.5
40.4
1.73
8.47
46.1
1.57
7.44
48.5
1.98
9.18
46.4
2.13
10.2
47.4
2.04
9.76
48.4
2.19
10.1
PC-0
1A se
c.310
921
744
.30.
290
7.31
44.0
1.31
8.32
45.8
1.69
9.92
47.4
1.68
9.41
45.4
1.64
7.68
49.0
1.99
9.47
49.6
1.89
8.76
49.8
1.90
8.71
48.0
2.06
9.76
PC-0
1A se
c.311
021
945
.6-0
.450
6.79
45.6
1.24
8.50
46.9
1.74
9.94
47.4
1.73
9.79
49.3
1.63
7.86
48.8
2.00
9.49
49.3
1.93
9.04
48.6
2.09
9.78
48.8
2.17
9.99
PC-0
1A se
c.311
122
144
.60.
220
7.01
46.1
1.23
8.86
45.8
1.74
9.75
48.5
1.65
8.76
48.7
1.78
8.99
49.3
2.23
9.93
47.9
2.04
9.57
48.2
2.38
10.8
48.9
2.57
11.2
PC-0
1A se
c.311
222
341
.20.
090
7.89
45.1
1.29
8.93
46.4
1.93
10.4
47.5
1.52
8.27
48.5
1.88
9.38
48.5
2.01
9.32
47.6
2.26
9.98
49.0
2.61
11.3
48.7
2.37
10.3
PC-0
1A se
c.311
322
542
.50.
150
7.03
44.9
1.43
9.60
48.3
1.67
8.98
45.3
2.13
11.6
48.7
1.97
9.57
50.1
2.28
10.4
49.9
2.33
10.5
49.1
2.35
11.0
50.0
2.47
11.0
PC-0
1A se
c.311
422
743
.9-0
.110
7.84
48.2
1.19
8.85
46.5
1.78
10.2
46.0
1.89
11.2
50.2
0.42
07.
9749
.72.
049.
4949
.72.
019.
7748
.72.
2410
.649
.42.
2210
.2
PC-0
1A se
c.311
522
945
.6-0
.010
6.95
45.8
1.11
9.01
46.2
1.32
9.10
46.0
1.75
10.5
51.0
2.07
9.51
48.8
1.65
8.36
48.8
1.80
9.06
48.5
1.66
8.81
48.0
1.76
8.98
PC-0
1A se
c.311
623
145
.80.
070
6.16
46.4
1.04
8.31
46.6
1.21
8.25
44.6
1.30
9.12
50.1
1.88
9.07
48.9
1.39
7.39
48.0
1.55
8.25
47.6
1.49
8.06
47.9
1.57
8.12
PC-0
1A se
c.311
723
345
.8-0
.930
4.88
45.7
0.87
07.
1747
.41.
659.
5145
.31.
288.
6048
.11.
478.
1049
.71.
958.
8847
.71.
477.
6948
.61.
838.
4949
.32.
139.
43
PC-0
1A se
c.311
823
547
.50.
270
6.47
46.3
1.26
8.79
46.9
1.74
9.81
45.4
1.83
10.4
48.6
1.29
7.39
50.1
1.84
8.21
48.7
1.95
8.96
48.5
1.97
8.82
49.4
2.17
9.43
PC-0
1A se
c.311
923
746
.80.
350
6.50
46.0
1.40
9.32
46.0
1.49
8.29
45.8
1.67
8.96
49.8
1.82
8.51
48.9
1.79
8.19
48.4
1.78
8.31
48.8
1.87
8.52
47.8
1.95
8.83
PC-0
1A se
c.312
023
945
.40.
360
5.99
46.4
1.05
6.81
47.5
1.69
8.49
45.5
1.59
8.92
50.0
1.75
7.94
48.5
2.05
9.20
48.1
2.06
9.35
47.6
1.95
9.14
48.3
2.19
9.67
PC-0
1A se
c.312
124
145
.8-0
.390
5.63
46.2
1.29
8.21
45.6
1.38
8.07
44.2
1.72
9.70
48.5
1.49
7.18
47.2
1.60
7.61
47.1
1.63
8.05
46.8
1.76
8.60
46.8
1.78
8.58
PC-0
1A se
c.312
224
344
.80.
200
5.78
44.8
1.05
7.70
44.3
1.02
6.05
43.7
1.51
8.85
48.1
1.62
7.71
46.7
1.36
6.55
45.0
1.28
6.25
45.8
1.43
7.20
45.6
1.43
6.88
PC-0
1A se
c.312
324
542
.7-0
.250
5.25
42.4
1.02
7.45
42.1
1.13
7.26
40.9
1.16
7.01
47.1
1.51
7.68
45.7
0.89
04.
0844
.21.
286.
1644
.91.
477.
2544
.31.
386.
49
PC-0
1A se
c.312
424
740
.70.
250
4.57
41.7
0.92
06.
2842
.71.
146.
1738
.71.
176.
7545
.71.
306.
3941
.60.
920
3.72
41.1
1.08
4.51
44.7
1.37
6.77
43.3
1.33
5.70
PC-0
1A se
c.312
524
938
.10.
430
4.04
40.2
1.03
6.16
42.1
1.14
6.52
37.7
1.11
5.89
43.2
1.01
4.67
44.1
1.08
4.94
42.6
1.23
5.90
42.7
1.09
4.99
43.4
1.38
6.41
PC-0
1A se
c.312
625
142
.00.
030
4.58
39.8
0.91
05.
9945
.01.
488.
6943
.51.
307.
4541
.31.
044.
1847
.81.
758.
2646
.51.
537.
4147
.71.
878.
8046
.81.
828.
44
PC-0
1A se
c.312
725
343
.50.
360
6.56
43.4
1.13
8.07
45.3
1.54
8.85
45.6
1.50
8.58
45.7
1.19
5.35
47.7
1.58
7.56
47.4
1.78
8.49
47.7
1.91
8.70
47.4
1.97
8.96
PC-0
1A se
c.312
825
545
.70.
330
6.97
44.8
1.26
8.35
46.6
2.03
10.8
44.6
1.72
9.78
49.5
1.03
7.62
49.3
1.87
8.22
48.0
2.09
9.21
48.4
2.09
9.59
49.4
2.54
10.6
PC-0
1A se
c.312
925
743
.0-0
.110
7.90
46.6
1.73
10.2
46.9
2.26
10.3
45.0
2.37
11.9
48.4
1.60
7.50
49.4
2.51
10.1
49.4
2.64
10.6
49.0
2.76
11.3
49.2
2.78
11.1
PC-0
1A se
c.313
025
943
.30.
940
9.70
45.1
1.87
10.3
46.6
2.35
10.5
45.2
2.75
12.7
49.9
2.44
10.1
50.2
2.80
10.4
49.1
2.67
10.4
49.7
2.77
10.7
49.0
2.90
11.2
PC-0
1A se
c.313
126
144
.31.
259.
5545
.21.
8810
.545
.32.
1110
.845
.42.
5912
.149
.62.
6910
.748
.52.
008.
8647
.52.
109.
5947
.02.
089.
2248
.62.
329.
90
PC-0
1A se
c.313
226
344
.00.
060
7.11
47.8
1.33
7.58
45.6
2.79
11.8
46.5
1.84
8.01
50.0
2.29
9.05
47.8
2.73
10.2
48.4
2.80
10.5
48.7
3.05
11.3
48.7
3.53
12.7
PC-0
1A se
c.313
326
542
.90.
970
7.91
46.0
2.20
9.71
49.8
2.59
8.76
46.7
2.91
11.7
49.7
1.78
7.19
51.9
2.86
8.97
49.2
4.30
13.1
48.9
3.56
12.4
49.5
4.38
13.7
PC-0
1A se
c.313
426
749
.91.
687.
4249
.12.
559.
2949
.44.
2112
.843
.23.
6112
.249
.82.
8410
.252
.54.
1611
.550
.24.
7613
.649
.94.
9915
.049
.65.
2315
.1
PC-0
1A se
c.313
526
946
.01.
888.
3851
.32.
688.
6146
.34.
0810
.539
.74.
0610
.851
.12.
999.
5951
.34.
179.
0051
.33.
939.
3350
.44.
5811
.449
.93.
739.
06
PC-0
1A se
c.313
627
143
.33.
4410
.146
.73.
509.
2247
.44.
4411
.7-
--
50.1
4.72
13.2
53.2
3.62
9.78
50.6
4.35
11.4
49.8
4.31
10.3
48.2
5.20
13.8
PC-0
1A se
c.413
727
346
.24.
8714
.845
.85.
4016
.542
.13.
7312
.648
.44.
4412
.453
.53.
579.
4649
.42.
497.
9048
.52.
557.
4448
.72.
828.
4044
.23.
8211
.8
PC-0
1A se
c.413
827
541
.73.
4911
.542
.03.
7312
.540
.03.
378.
3446
.63.
6010
.951
.52.
358.
3846
.93.
067.
0346
.33.
9210
.743
.83.
688.
3741
.34.
4310
.7
PC-0
1A se
c.413
927
736
.93.
6211
.245
.33.
138.
6844
.11.
198.
1042
.22.
079.
1347
.13.
137.
5245
.71.
397.
4244
.31.
648.
3645
.31.
467.
6545
.21.
477.
76
PC-0
1A se
c.414
027
942
.90.
270
6.04
43.3
1.00
7.82
45.2
1.15
7.79
44.7
1.17
8.20
47.1
0.33
06.
5747
.11.
367.
1545
.81.
437.
4846
.81.
447.
2646
.81.
527.
45
PC-0
1A se
c.414
128
145
.10.
190
5.44
43.7
0.75
06.
7943
.31.
127.
0644
.91.
087.
5046
.91.
307.
2246
.71.
367.
1543
.51.
447.
0645
.91.
377.
0045
.41.
487.
10
PC-0
1A se
c.414
228
343
.10.
420
5.01
41.1
0.82
06.
0740
.11.
516.
5842
.41.
286.
8846
.31.
277.
0942
.91.
535.
6139
.01.
504.
2543
.01.
535.
6143
.11.
555.
87
PC-0
1A se
c.414
328
542
.00.
560
3.58
37.9
1.10
5.06
34.8
1.86
4.36
38.6
1.62
5.13
40.3
1.28
4.85
37.8
1.76
3.73
37.7
1.79
3.79
37.4
1.74
3.51
36.1
1.81
3.49
PC-0
1A se
c.414
428
733
.91.
503.
6834
.81.
754.
7538
.51.
716.
1132
.72.
084.
4237
.31.
763.
6137
.31.
943.
8439
.21.
854.
8038
.01.
934.
4538
.31.
994.
79PC
-01A
sec.4
145
289
37.4
1.30
4.57
33.9
1.93
4.45
38.3
1.85
6.19
38.6
1.65
6.10
39.3
1.85
5.05
40.1
1.64
4.54
40.1
1.69
4.94
39.6
1.70
4.43
39.0
1.82
4.73
App
endi
x 3-
2 (C
ontin
ued)
* -: N
o da
ta
73
N. Harada et al.
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2nd
(19
days
)
(31
May
, 200
1)3r
d (1
14 d
ays)
(3
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
30 d
ays)
(1
9 Se
p, 2
001)
5th
(528
day
s)
(7 N
ov, 2
002)
6th
(103
5 da
ys)
(28
Mar
, 200
4)7t
h (1
265
days
)
(1
3 N
ov, 2
004)
8th
(155
9 da
ys)
(3
Sep
, 200
5)9t
h (1
969
days
)
(1
8 O
ct, 2
006)
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
L*
a*b*
PC-0
1A se
c.414
629
138
.41.
014.
2437
.31.
405.
3841
.51.
556.
8537
.91.
725.
7739
.81.
754.
7242
.41.
745.
6543
.21.
726.
0743
.51.
615.
9343
.21.
696.
19
PC-0
1A se
c.414
729
341
.60.
800
4.93
40.3
1.28
6.36
37.3
1.15
5.08
38.6
1.68
5.93
39.0
1.66
4.31
40.9
1.64
4.76
39.2
1.68
4.55
38.6
1.67
4.08
38.9
1.75
4.40
PC-0
1A se
c.414
829
539
.10.
890
3.64
37.2
1.48
5.13
38.5
1.54
6.17
36.9
1.74
5.67
39.0
1.64
4.43
39.5
1.66
4.40
39.6
1.62
4.56
42.5
1.62
5.51
39.8
1.68
4.50
PC-0
1A se
c.414
929
738
.21.
084.
5737
.21.
444.
0940
.61.
426.
6740
.51.
516.
7942
.91.
515.
6943
.61.
616.
1443
.11.
515.
8543
.81.
556.
0042
.41.
635.
77
PC-0
1A se
c.415
029
942
.10.
640
4.91
35.6
1.66
4.91
38.2
1.48
5.61
38.4
1.58
5.64
42.9
1.49
5.74
41.9
1.62
5.18
40.5
1.54
4.79
42.0
1.62
5.19
40.5
1.66
4.72
PC-0
1A se
c.415
130
139
.70.
580
4.27
39.6
1.17
3.78
38.9
1.53
6.01
38.1
1.61
5.87
41.2
1.47
4.84
43.2
1.66
6.02
42.8
1.76
6.30
43.0
1.69
6.06
42.0
1.72
5.37
PC-0
1A se
c.415
230
340
.90.
860
4.77
40.6
1.23
5.36
36.8
1.90
5.95
35.1
1.85
5.12
42.6
1.68
6.02
39.8
1.64
4.37
38.5
1.72
4.03
39.8
1.65
4.15
38.9
1.80
4.09
PC-0
1A se
c.415
330
536
.51.
394.
2436
.71.
664.
9637
.81.
325.
4045
.42.
058.
9839
.21.
624.
1242
.41.
525.
2942
.11.
485.
1542
.41.
555.
1241
.81.
585.
10
PC-0
1A se
c.415
430
741
.90.
920
4.50
42.0
1.34
6.54
40.3
1.45
6.28
37.7
1.85
5.82
42.0
1.54
5.37
43.0
1.56
5.59
42.6
1.63
5.87
42.7
1.57
5.63
41.7
1.82
5.77
PC-0
1A se
c.415
530
940
.80.
600
4.61
40.1
1.39
5.87
39.2
1.46
5.94
38.6
1.56
6.09
42.4
1.52
5.41
43.4
1.58
5.70
43.4
1.55
5.68
43.5
1.61
5.71
42.0
1.73
5.32
PC-0
1A se
c.415
631
140
.50.
890
4.49
38.2
1.57
6.15
38.4
1.55
5.53
38.2
1.75
6.10
43.5
1.49
5.72
41.5
1.62
5.01
41.5
1.71
5.07
41.2
1.75
4.79
40.9
1.73
5.15
PC-0
1A se
c.415
731
338
.31.
333.
7940
.21.
514.
3840
.11.
626.
4638
.51.
776.
2339
.41.
654.
3544
.11.
606.
3239
.81.
574.
1739
.31.
564.
1047
.62.
108.
33
PC-0
1A se
c.415
831
545
.20.
430
5.45
47.4
1.37
7.28
39.8
1.59
5.99
38.1
1.66
6.21
40.9
1.67
5.15
40.9
1.50
4.52
40.6
1.43
4.37
40.7
1.60
4.55
45.3
1.83
6.87
PC-0
1A se
c.415
931
743
.20.
910
4.23
46.4
1.47
7.56
34.7
1.75
4.13
38.6
1.79
6.59
40.7
1.53
4.63
38.1
1.69
3.80
37.7
1.68
3.56
37.9
1.79
4.05
41.8
1.75
5.40
PC-0
1A se
c.416
031
939
.41.
242.
9941
.31.
366.
1037
.22.
015.
6635
.51.
944.
2837
.21.
703.
4840
.71.
754.
9942
.41.
635.
3741
.01.
775.
2338
.11.
753.
55
PC-0
1A se
c.416
132
138
.41.
244.
5838
.51.
403.
2537
.41.
704.
8339
.11.
675.
6142
.01.
846.
0343
.01.
626.
5943
.51.
566.
5543
.11.
707.
1339
.81.
774.
51
PC-0
1A se
c.416
232
334
.11.
653.
7741
.21.
233.
9633
.22.
004.
5335
.31.
826.
1643
.71.
476.
7640
.01.
824.
9938
.81.
784.
4639
.51.
814.
7237
.51.
853.
74
PC-0
1A se
c.416
332
537
.41.
454.
1033
.21.
814.
1534
.82.
025.
4334
.32.
096.
1138
.71.
673.
8740
.31.
734.
7039
.71.
754.
4939
.71.
684.
2539
.41.
904.
74
PC-0
1A se
c.416
432
738
.91.
223.
1633
.22.
105.
8935
.81.
874.
4032
.22.
004.
9439
.51.
674.
4039
.31.
744.
1738
.91.
633.
9539
.11.
744.
2537
.41.
763.
53
PC-0
1A se
c.416
532
933
.21.
593.
4332
.41.
975.
0728
.22.
344.
8932
.02.
054.
7338
.01.
654.
1337
.01.
723.
3335
.41.
652.
5636
.21.
712.
7136
.81.
793.
27
PC-0
1A se
c.416
633
136
.61.
403.
6739
.01.
382.
9034
.81.
924.
9830
.52.
023.
7934
.41.
712.
4038
.31.
784.
0739
.81.
904.
9740
.11.
945.
1136
.31.
843.
28
PC-0
1A se
c.416
733
339
.11.
104.
7535
.51.
875.
0738
.71.
736.
1335
.41.
865.
5838
.11.
894.
7342
.21.
695.
4841
.91.
725.
7342
.71.
655.
7640
.71.
935.
14
PC-0
1A se
c.416
833
542
.00.
810
3.81
36.6
1.62
5.00
41.0
1.48
6.69
39.5
1.62
6.53
42.0
1.73
5.78
44.5
1.63
6.54
42.6
1.54
5.58
45.0
1.64
6.53
40.8
1.62
4.48
PC-0
1A se
c.416
933
741
.10.
990
4.86
35.6
1.58
5.53
40.7
1.45
6.74
38.1
1.88
6.82
42.4
1.23
6.09
44.3
1.47
6.19
43.8
1.71
6.41
44.8
1.56
6.21
42.6
1.78
5.83
PC-0
1A se
c.417
033
941
.60.
960
4.51
37.9
1.85
6.46
40.5
1.40
6.12
40.6
1.49
7.03
43.1
1.49
5.72
44.7
1.53
6.56
40.1
1.68
4.49
44.4
1.64
6.69
41.8
1.75
5.13
PC-0
1A se
c.417
134
141
.10.
920
4.46
41.3
1.27
6.39
40.5
1.36
6.34
40.2
1.41
6.14
41.3
1.58
5.44
44.8
1.51
6.54
42.8
1.61
5.55
45.0
1.55
6.66
41.8
1.69
5.17
PC-0
1A se
c.417
234
343
.30.
690
4.41
37.8
1.51
5.86
41.5
1.30
6.76
40.4
1.44
6.53
43.4
1.21
6.04
45.4
1.45
6.82
43.5
1.51
6.00
44.4
1.57
6.91
43.5
1.69
6.01
PC-0
1A se
c.417
334
542
.60.
850
4.28
41.4
1.04
6.13
40.7
1.36
5.97
40.2
1.40
6.35
44.3
1.46
6.69
44.7
1.54
6.42
42.9
1.47
5.33
45.0
1.57
7.00
42.7
1.62
5.60
PC-0
1A se
c.417
434
741
.90.
790
4.74
40.3
1.17
5.77
42.0
1.45
7.08
41.4
1.42
6.88
44.3
1.43
6.15
46.0
1.55
7.13
45.0
1.60
7.10
46.2
1.58
7.04
44.1
1.65
6.32
PC-0
1A se
c.417
534
942
.80.
930
3.66
40.8
1.20
5.88
38.3
1.83
5.80
39.7
1.73
7.03
47.5
1.36
6.38
45.8
1.68
7.43
43.3
1.69
6.01
45.8
1.69
7.42
42.4
1.79
5.55
PC-0
1A se
c.417
635
134
.71.
704.
4840
.71.
655.
3534
.12.
165.
2534
.41.
994.
9347
.71.
284.
4445
.51.
607.
0941
.21.
765.
2544
.41.
766.
9441
.11.
815.
18
PC-0
1A se
c.417
735
340
.60.
990
5.14
39.6
1.65
3.85
39.1
1.83
6.63
39.0
1.58
5.38
44.7
1.52
6.29
44.0
1.66
6.02
40.3
1.49
3.92
42.5
1.59
5.04
40.8
1.77
4.91
PC-0
1A se
c.417
835
540
.30.
940
4.68
38.5
1.49
6.32
40.0
1.48
5.65
43.9
1.32
4.83
44.1
1.54
5.75
43.5
1.50
5.16
41.8
1.56
5.31
41.0
1.60
5.00
43.2
1.75
6.01
PC-0
1A se
c.417
935
741
.60.
800
4.98
39.4
1.25
5.60
42.9
1.22
6.61
40.2
1.50
6.37
46.4
1.24
4.09
44.8
1.60
5.20
44.1
1.55
6.41
43.9
1.65
6.61
42.7
1.69
5.81
PC-0
1A se
c.418
035
943
.40.
650
5.12
41.7
0.91
06.
1342
.91.
216.
6241
.71.
267.
4144
.41.
343.
8244
.01.
666.
1744
.41.
626.
1943
.71.
626.
0244
.81.
546.
43
PC-0
1A se
c.418
136
142
.70.
660
5.07
42.3
0.95
06.
2142
.31.
456.
7541
.71.
416.
9844
.01.
166.
0245
.41.
575.
8043
.31.
635.
8543
.31.
595.
3344
.41.
716.
44
PC-0
1A se
c.418
236
343
.11.
125.
2243
.50.
810
5.74
45.4
1.79
8.11
42.2
1.81
7.71
39.1
1.68
3.96
48.5
2.11
8.22
49.4
2.11
8.43
49.2
2.14
8.43
45.9
1.94
6.92
PC-0
1A se
c.418
336
554
.70.
940
4.47
44.9
1.28
5.67
53.1
1.50
6.46
46.0
2.06
10.0
48.0
2.06
8.01
58.9
1.79
7.68
59.4
1.63
7.41
56.9
1.97
8.26
48.1
2.01
7.07
PC-0
1A se
c.418
436
756
.00.
930
6.47
48.7
1.17
5.03
50.0
1.52
7.98
62.3
1.29
6.71
60.9
1.53
6.27
58.4
1.61
7.59
59.0
1.65
7.82
56.4
1.71
7.74
51.7
1.95
8.46
PC-0
1A se
c.418
536
947
.20.
660
7.27
50.5
1.61
7.61
40.6
1.58
6.13
48.1
1.78
9.47
53.4
1.40
7.78
47.0
1.87
7.42
46.2
2.11
7.48
45.9
2.07
7.03
46.7
1.61
4.39
* -: N
o da
ta
App
endi
x 3-
2 (C
ontin
ued)
74
Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.D
epth
(c
m)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(12
Aug
, 200
0)
2nd
(18
days
) (3
0 A
ug, 2
000)
3rd
(60
days
) (
12 O
ct, 2
000)
4th
(89
days
)(1
0 N
ov, 2
000)
5th
(156
day
s)
(16
Jan
, 200
1)6t
h (1
78 d
ays)
(7 F
eb, 2
001)
7th
(212
day
s)(1
3 M
ar, 2
001)
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
MR
00-E
NG
PL-1
Han
d1
W u
nder
4 ど
stor
e
11
2.70
0.
290
2.37
2.
67
0.28
0 2.
38
2.75
0.29
0 2.
412.
690.
300
2.37
2.94
0.
320
2.52
2.
940.
310
2.53
--
-2
32.
77
0.30
0 2.
42
2.76
0.
290
2.44
-
--
2.65
0.29
02.
312.
84
0.30
0 1.
64
--
-2.
680.
290
2.27
35
2.85
0.
310
2.46
2.
67
0.28
0 2.
36
--
--
--
2.82
0.
300
2.35
2.
930.
290
2.38
2.94
0.31
02.
504
72.
79
0.29
0 2.
25
2.12
0.
220
1.83
-
--
--
-2.
74
0.28
0 2.
26
2.76
0.28
02.
332.
950.
310
2.43
59
2.75
0.
280
2.29
2.
39
0.25
0 2.
06
--
--
--
2.76
0.
280
2.29
2.
690.
280
2.28
2.80
0.29
02.
376
10-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
715
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-8
20-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
927
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-10
292.
710.
260
2.14
2.
600.
250
2.15
2.63
0.25
2.12
--
-3.
000.
270
2.27
3.06
0.28
02.
302.
980.
270
2.29
MR
00-E
NG
PL-1
Han
d2
W u
nder
-20 ど
stor
e
11
2.60
0.
280
2.30
2.54
0.28
02.
282.
900.
310
2.52
2.86
0.32
02.
502.
930.
320
2.54
2.96
0.31
02.
562.
840.
300
2.41
23
2.85
0.
300
2.48
2.68
0.29
02.
45-
--
2.65
0.29
02.
292.
920.
320
2.53
3.04
0.32
02.
592.
990.
310
2.55
35
2.95
0.
300
2.47
2.81
0.31
02.
48-
--
--
-2.
900.
310
2.45
2.91
0.30
02.
452.
920.
300
2.44
47
3.12
0.
320
2.59
2.62
0.29
02.
29-
--
--
-3.
100.
320
2.57
3.13
0.32
02.
592.
90.
290
2.44
59
2.05
0.
310
2.55
2.79
0.30
02.
40-
--
--
-2.
780.
290
2.32
2.92
0.28
02.
312.
830.
290
2.37
610
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-7
192.
830.
280
2.25
2.60
0.26
02.
232.
810.
280
2.30
--
-2.
710.
280
2.26
2.80
0.27
02.
292.
820.
270
2.27
829
2.75
0.27
02.
212.
560.
270
2.21
2.67
0.26
02.
19-
--
2.82
0.27
02.
212.
850.
270
2.23
--
-
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.D
epth
(c
m)
8th
(240
day
s)
(10
Apr
, 200
1)9t
h (3
88 d
ays)
(5
Sep
, 200
1)10
th (
961
days
) (
1 A
pr, 2
003)
11th
(13
21 d
ays)
(
27 M
ar, 2
004)
12th
(15
41 d
ays)
(12
Nov
, 200
4)13
th (
2272
day
s) (
13, 2
1 N
ov, 2
006)
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
MR
00-E
NG
PL-1
Han
d1
W u
nder
4 ど
stor
e
11
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
23
2.73
0.29
02.
372.
850.
310
2.43
2.81
0.30
02.
46-
--
--
--
--
35
2.67
0.28
02.
332.
760.
290
2.39
2.79
0.30
02.
44-
--
--
--
--
47
2.75
0.29
02.
332.
830.
290
2.38
2.83
0.29
02.
362.
730.
300
2.31
2.67
0.30
02.
24-
--
59
2.69
0.28
02.
252.
640.
270
2.24
2.64
0.27
02.
202.
640.
290
2.20
2.64
0.29
02.
21-
--
610
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-2.
10.
230
1.73
715
--
--
--
--
-2.
410.
260
2.02
2.36
0.26
01.
902.
280.
240
1.92
820
--
--
--
--
-2.
950.
310
2.46
2.94
0.32
02.
422.
730.
280
2.27
927
--
--
--
--
-2.
720.
270
2.21
2.74
0.29
02.
222.
540.
270
2.12
1029
2.79
0.27
02.
212.
640.
260
2.15
2.83
0.27
02.
23-
--
--
-2.
580.
260
2.09
MR
00-E
NG
PL-1
Han
d2
W u
nder
-20 ど
stor
e
11
2.66
0.28
02.
362.
870.
300
2.54
2.92
0.31
02.
553.
030.
330
2.66
2.99
0.32
02.
612.
840.
300
2.49
23
2.87
0.30
02.
513.
030.
320
2.58
2.96
0.32
02.
542.
980.
330
2.62
2.96
0.31
02.
532.
770.
290
2.41
35
2.81
0.29
02.
412.
860.
290
2.43
2.98
0.31
02.
512.
920.
320
2.52
2.88
0.31
02.
472.
790.
290
2.41
47
2.79
0.29
02.
373.
140.
310
2.60
2.90
0.30
02.
442.
670.
290
2.29
2.62
0.26
02.
232.
480.
250
2.14
59
2.46
0.25
02.
022.
730.
280
2.35
2.53
0.30
02.
162.
770.
290
2.34
2.71
0.27
02.
27-
--
610
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-2.
810.
280
2.39
719
2.79
0.27
02.
25-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
829
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
App
endi
x 4-
1 C
hang
es in
tota
l car
bon
(TC
), o
rgan
ic c
arbo
n (O
C),
and
tota
l nitr
ogen
(T
N)
cont
ents
of
coas
tal s
edim
ent c
ore
MR
00-E
NG
PL
-01
stor
ed a
t 4ど
an
d –2
0 ど.
75
N. Harada et al.
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(8 M
ay, 2
001)
2n
d (2
3 da
ys)
(3
1 M
ay, 2
001)
3rd
(120
day
s)(5
Sep
, 200
1)4t
h (1
67 d
ays)
(22
Oct
, 200
1)5t
h (2
17 d
ays)
(16
Jan,
200
1)6t
h (2
83 d
ays)
(7
Feb
, 200
1)7t
h (4
04 d
ays)
(13
Mar
, 200
1)8t
h (7
60 d
ays)
(10
Apr
, 200
1)9t
h (9
90 d
ays)
(5
Sep
, 200
1)10
th (
1722
day
s)(1
Apr
, 200
3)
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
MR
01-E
NG
MC
-1 H
and
4 W
und
er20
-25 ど
stor
e
11
0.54
0 0.
073
0.51
4 0.
598
0.07
0 0.
607
0.49
20.
065
0.48
1-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
22
0.49
0 0.
068
0.47
3 0.
601
0.07
1 0.
492
--
-0.
462
0.06
10.
456
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
33
0.44
9 0.
065
0.42
5 0.
543
0.06
0 0.
436
--
--
--
0.42
9 0.
053
0.41
6 -
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
427
0.05
30.
403
44
0.45
4 0.
064
0.42
5 0.
456
0.06
0 0.
495
--
--
--
--
-0.
396
0.05
50.
408
--
--
--
--
--
--
55
0.45
0 0.
065
0.42
4 0.
436
0.05
6 0.
423
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.45
20.
057
0.41
40.
374
0.05
40.
372
0.41
20.
063
0.39
7-
--
66
0.40
0 0.
059
0.38
2 0.
400
0.05
9 0.
407
0.41
30.
058
0.04
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
77
0.35
2 0.
052
0.34
0 0.
393
0.04
9 0.
382
--
-0.
368
0.05
70.
357
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
88
0.31
0 0.
047
0.30
2 0.
316
0.05
2 0.
394
--
--
--
0.34
90.
046
0.33
6-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
335
0.04
30.
333
99
0.38
5 0.
061
0.36
2 0.
367
0.05
1 0.
354
--
--
--
--
-0.
339
0.05
40.
348
--
--
--
--
--
--
1010
0.38
4 0.
062
0.36
7 0.
324
0.05
1 0.
322
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.32
30.
044
0.34
70.
388
0.05
70.
348
0.36
10.
056
0.35
2-
--
1111
0.35
8 0.
064
0.36
6 0.
344
0.04
9 0.
348
0.32
30.
055
0.39
2-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1212
0.36
0 0.
059
0.35
7 0.
314
0.05
1 0.
318
--
-0.
340
0.05
10.
349
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1313
0.37
1 0.
053
0.35
3 0.
339
0.04
9 0.
336
--
--
--
0.41
10.
054
0.40
3-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
317
0.04
00.
310
1414
0.33
5 0.
057
0.32
9 0.
337
0.05
4 0.
311
--
--
--
--
-0.
347
0.05
60.
341
--
--
--
--
--
--
1515
0.35
6 0.
054
0.34
5 0.
349
0.04
7 0.
328
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.36
80.
045
0.31
40.
369
0.06
00.
367
0.36
80.
054
0.34
6-
--
1616
0.34
9 0.
050
0.35
6 0.
318
0.04
9 0.
332
0.34
60.
055
0.39
15-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1717
0.35
3 0.
052
0.34
7 0.
338
0.04
5 0.
315
--
-0.
320
0.06
10.
331
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1818
0.33
2 0.
047
0.31
5 0.
308
0.04
9 0.
307
--
--
--
0.28
70.
040
0.27
6-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
300
0.04
50.
293
1919
0.30
8 0.
049
0.31
4 0.
331
0.04
7 0.
325
--
--
--
--
-0.
287
0.04
90.
281
--
--
--
--
--
--
2020
0.29
2 0.
044
0.29
2 0.
295
0.04
6 0.
299
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.29
30.
041
0.28
60.
315
0.04
90.
282
0.26
40.
046
0.25
4-
--
2121
0.26
6 0.
056
0.23
9 0.
273
0.04
1 0.
259
0.24
70.
047
0.23
6-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2222
0.27
2 0.
054
0.25
7 0.
206
0.03
6 0.
209
--
-0.
250
0.04
10.
253
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2323
0.27
2 0.
050
0.26
9 0.
246
0.03
8 0.
236
--
--
--
0.29
20.
042
0.29
0-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
251
0.04
10.
250
2424
0.28
5 0.
056
0.27
5 0.
283
0.04
3 0.
285
--
--
--
--
-0.
276
0.04
40.
269
--
--
--
--
--
--
2525
0.25
4 0.
045
0.24
9 0.
291
0.04
2 0.
272
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.25
70.
043
0.25
20.
276
0.05
20.
253
0.27
50.
039
0.23
5-
--
2626
0.25
4 0.
045
0.24
5 0.
246
0.04
0 0.
209
0.23
50.
041
0.21
9-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2727
0.23
4 0.
041
0.23
2 0.
239
0.04
0 0.
233
--
-0.
234
0.04
60.
241
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2828
0.23
7 0.
041
0.23
7 0.
220
0.03
8 0.
221
--
--
--
0.23
60.
029
0.22
4-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2929
--
-0.
258
0.03
8 0.
243
--
--
--
--
-0.
224
0.03
70.
211
--
--
--
--
--
--
MR
01-E
NG
MC
-1 H
and
4 W
und
er4 ど stor
e
11
com
mon
as
abov
e da
ta
0.48
20.
062
0.46
1-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
22
--
-0.
482
0.06
50.
479
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
33
--
--
--
0.39
70.
052
0.38
3-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
44
--
--
--
--
-0.
441
0.06
0.44
0-
--
--
--
--
0.46
30.
049
0.45
35
5-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
438
0.06
0.43
10.
372
0.06
80.
359
0.45
00.
062
0.44
9-
--
66
0.38
90.
058
0.38
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
77
--
-0.
333
0.04
60.
322
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
88
--
--
--
0.32
50.
045
0.31
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
99
--
--
--
--
-0.
325
0.04
80.
313
--
--
--
--
-0.
318
0.04
90.
322
1010
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.37
60.
058
0.36
40.
476
0.06
40.
328
0.37
20.
049
0.33
0-
--
1111
0.32
30.
048
0.32
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1212
--
-0.
355
0.05
80.
358
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1313
--
--
--
0.37
40.
048
0.33
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
1414
--
--
--
--
-0.
318
0.04
90.
322
--
--
--
--
-0.
330.
045
0.32
915
15-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
343
0.04
90.
361
0.32
60.
061
0.31
50.
335
0.06
10.
315
--
-16
160.
297
0.04
80.
294
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-17
17-
--
0.25
40.
037
0.25
0-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-18
18-
--
--
-0.
295
0.03
50.
280
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-19
19-
--
--
--
--
0.28
70.
044
0.27
7-
--
--
--
--
0.31
20.
045
0.27
920
20-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
300
0.03
90.
330
0.29
80.
056
0.26
50.
297
0.05
60.
282
--
-21
210.
254
0.04
10.
244
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-22
22-
--
0.25
70.
049
0.25
8-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-23
23-
--
--
-0.
264
0.03
80.
262
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-24
24-
--
--
--
--
0.25
20.
040
0.24
3-
--
--
--
--
0.27
40.
044
0.25
625
25-
--
--
--
--
--
-0.
273
0.04
20.
306
0.28
40.
058
0.25
60.
260.
042
0.25
3-
--
2626
0.21
80.
036
0.20
4-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2727
--
-0.
305
0.04
40.
273
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2828
--
--
--
0.27
70.
036
0.25
5-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
2929
--
--
--
--
-0.
269
0.04
00.
237
--
--
--
--
--
--
App
endi
x 4-
2 C
hang
es in
TC
, OC
, and
TN
con
tent
s of
hem
ipel
agic
sed
imen
t cor
e M
R01
-EN
G M
C-0
1 st
ored
at R
T a
nd 4ど
.
76
Changes in properties of archived sediment
JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev., Volume 15, September 2012, 47_76
App
endi
x 4-
3 C
hang
es in
TC
, OC
, and
TN
con
tent
s of
coa
stal
sed
imen
t cor
e M
R01
-EN
G P
L-0
1 st
ored
at 4ど
with
and
with
out A
r ga
s.
Sam
ple
IDSa
mpl
e N
o.
Cor
e de
pth
(cm
bsf)
Initi
al v
alue
(0
day)
(1
0 D
ec, 2
001)
2nd
(280
day
s)(1
2 Fe
b, 2
002)
3rd
(694
day
s)(1
Apr
, 200
3)4t
h (
1057
day
s)
(27
Mar
, 200
4)5t
h (1
287
days
) (
12 N
ov, 2
004)
6th
(201
8 da
ys)
(21
Nov
, 200
6)
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
TC
TN
OC
MR
01-E
NG
PL
-1 H
and
3 W
und
er4 ど
and
no A
r
12
0.74
4 0.
096
0.75
0 0.
778
0.09
4 0.
778
0.74
70.
120
0.73
0.70
10.
093
0.67
90.
67
0.08
7 0.
64
--
-
23
--
--
--
--
-0.
728
0.09
20.
707
35
0.78
1 0.
103
0.78
7 0.
894
0.09
1 0.
867
--
--
--
--
--
--
47
--
--
--
--
-0.
813
0.10
30.
808
58
0.91
4 0.
113
0.92
3 0.
895
0.10
5 0.
890
0.92
30.
146
0.89
70.
796
0.09
8-
0.76
0.
091
0.73
-
--
611
0.40
7 0.
063
0.41
6 0.
380
0.04
7 0.
388
--
--
--
--
--
--
713
--
--
--
--
-0.
362
0.05
60.
353
814
0.35
3 0.
056
0.36
0 0.
363
0.04
8 0.
366
0.39
10.
085
0.35
80.
377
0.05
70.
369
0.37
0.06
50.
371
--
-
917
0.32
8 0.
056
0.33
5 0.
336
0.04
5 0.
335
--
--
--
--
--
--
1019
--
--
--
--
-0.
311
0.04
70.
30
1120
0.33
3 0.
054
0.33
9 0.
300
0.04
8 0.
308
0.32
70.
081
0.30
50.
336
0.05
10.
310.
327
0.05
40.
319
--
-
1223
0.29
5 0.
048
0.29
5 0.
271
0.04
0 0.
278
--
--
--
--
--
--
1325
--
--
--
--
-0.
306
0.04
70.
296
1426
0.28
8 0.
047
0.29
7 0.
281
0.04
4 0.
290
0.30
20.
043
0.26
60.
324
0.05
10.
310.
310.
053
0.29
8-
--
1529
0.26
6 0.
045
0.26
4 0.
224
0.03
2 0.
227
--
--
--
--
--
--
1632
0.24
8 0.
041
0.24
2 -
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
MR
01-E
NG
PL
-1 H
and
3 A
und
er4 ど
with
Ar
12
0.81
00.
090
0.80
30.
744
0.12
20.
709
--
--
--
--
-
23
--
--
--
--
--
--
0.53
80.
067
0.52
6
35
0.87
80.
095
0.86
7-
--
0.75
30.
091
0.71
60.
779
0.10
40.
766
--
-
48
0.40
80.
054
0.40
30.
409
0.1
0.38
0.45
50.
065
0.44
20.
513
0.08
60.
503
0.42
10.
054
0.41
511
0.35
10.
046
0.34
7-
--
--
--
--
--
-
614
0.31
00.
045
0.30
30.
341
0.08
90.
298
0.36
60.
059
0.35
30.
322
0.06
60.
328
0.31
20.
045
0.30
6
717
0.28
90.
042
0.28
4-
--
--
--
--
--
-
820
0.34
00.
049
0.32
50.
292
0.08
30.
266
0.32
50.
052
0.30
30.
298
0.05
40.
293
0.31
10.
040.
304
923
0.27
10.
040
0.26
5-
--
--
--
--
--
-
1026
0.31
70.
043
0.25
90.
260.
083
0.22
20.
307
0.04
70.
281
0.27
0.04
70.
278
0.27
0.04
0.25
7
1129
0.20
40.
033
0.19
8-
--
--
--
--
--
-
1232
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-