CELLSStructure &
FunctionReview
Which kind of cell is the largest? animal cell plant cell Bacteria
Plant cells are the biggest
What do we call membranes that allow certain molecules to pass through butnot others?
Selectively permeable OR semi-permeable
Which kind of cell is the smallest? animal cell plant cell Bacteria
Bacterial cells are the smallest
Which molecule found in cell membraneshelps cells “recognize self” ?
glycoproteins
Cell membranes are made of these 2 main kinds of molecules.
Phospholipids & proteins
Which cell organelles burnglucose and store energy as ATP?
mitochondria
Phospholipids form bilayers in cell membranes because their
hydrophobic _______ are trying to stay away from water.
tails
Name a cell part with a DOUBLEMEMBRANE around it
Nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
What is the dark spot in thenucleus called?
nucleolus
What do we call DNA that is TIGHTLY PACKED in DIVIDING CELLS?
chromosomes
What is the gel-like material and organelles called inside the cell membrane?
cytoplasm
What do we call DNA that is SPREAD OUT in NON-DIVIDING CELLS?
chromatin
What are the folded membranesinside mitochondria called?
cristae
Which organelle looks like a “stack of pancakes”?
GOLGI body
Tell what this moleculedoes
“self” identification
Tell what this molecule doesStore and
transfer energy
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm
Which part of a phospholipid isHYDROPHILIC? head tails
Heads are hydrophilic
TRUE or FALSEALL CELLS have a cell membrane
TRUE, plant, animal, and bacterialcells all have a CELL membrane
Which part of a phospholipid isHYDROPHOBIC? head tails
Tails are hydrophobic
TRUE or FALSEALL CELLS have a nuclear membrane
FALSE; only plant and animal cells (eukaryotes) have a NUCLEAR membrane. NOT bacteria (prokaryotes)
Tell which part does it? Burns glucose &
stores energy as ATP __________________
Controls what enters or leaves the cell _________________
Sort & package substancesfor transport out of cell _________________
Makes ribosomes ______________________
Control center of cell ___________________
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Golgi bodies
nucleolus
nucleus
Name this organelle
Mitochondria
What does it do?
Powerplant of cell;Burn glucose and store energy as ATP
Name this molecule foundin cell membranes
phospholipid
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cells.htm
Name this molecule foundin cell membranes
centrioles
Name this cell part
Pull chromosomes apart
http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/4a.asp
_________ ER does NOT haveribosomes attachedSmooth
Organelle in a plant or animal cell that contains the cell’s genetic material.
nucleus
The blue part of this phospholipid molecule stays inside the membrane away from water because it is ______________.
hydrophilic hydrophobic
hydrophobic
Cell suicide for the good of the organism is called ____________APOPTOSIS
Cells that have a nuclear membraneand membranes around their organellesare called ________________eukaryote
s
Name the sacs found inside chloroplasts that contain the molecules for photosynthesis
thylakoids
Centrioles are only found in________ cells
plant animal bacteria
ANIMAL
Name this part.
Tell what it does?
Make lipids/steroids; Regulate calcium;Break down toxins
Smooth ER
Name this cell organelle
Golgi body
Tell what it does
Sort and package molecules for transport out of cell
http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/golgi.htm
Tell which part does it? Pulls chromosomes apart _________________
Power plant ___________________
Surrounds the DNA & controls what enters/leaves nucleus____________________
Supports and protectsbacterial cells ___________________
Make proteins _______________________
centrioles
Mitochondria
Nuclear membrane
Cell wall
ribosomes
What’s the function? Mitochondria ____________________
Ribosomes ___________________
Cell wall __________________
Golgi bodies ____________________
Centrioles ________________
Smooth ER ___________________
Power plant;burn glucose; make ATP
Make proteins
support; protection
Package molecules for export
Pull chromosomes apart
Make steroids; regulate calcium; Break down toxins in liver
What’s the function? Rough ER ____________________
nucleus ___________________
cell membrane ____________________
chloroplast ________________
vacuole ___________________
nucleolus ________________________
Highway in cell
Contains DNA; control center
Controls what enters/leaves cell
photosynthesis
Stores water, food, molecules, waste
Make ribosomes
Tell which part does it?
Burns glucose ____________________
Controls what enters or leaves the cell ___________________
Pulls chromosomesduring cell division __________________
Digests unwanted substances or cell parts _______________
Makes proteins ______________________
Contains DNA ___________________
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Centrioles
Lysosomes
RibosomesNucleus
Name this molecule found
in cell membranes
glycoprotein
Name this molecule
ATP
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Membranes/membrane.htm
Image by Riedell
RIBOSE
Tell which part does it? Makes lipids/steroids
for membranes ____________________
Stores energy as ATP _________________
Transports proteins made on its ribosomes _________________
Regulates calcium levelsin muscle cells ________________
Supports and protectsplant cells ___________________
smooth ER
Mitochondria
ROUGH ER
Smooth ER
Cell wall
Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached is called _________ ER.
rough
Membrane bound sac thatcontains digestive enzymes.
lysosome
A plant cell is a ______________. prokaryote eukaryote
eukaryote
These organelles helps with APOPTOSIS and are also called “suicide sacs”
lysosomes
Cells that DO NOT have a nuclear membrane OR membranes around their organelles are called ________________PROKARYOTES
Name the cell part that makes this moleculeMitochondria make ATP
RIBOSE
Put the following cells in order of decreasing size:
Bacterium Plant cell Animal cell
_________ ________ _________ small smaller smallest
Plant Animal Bacterium
True or FalseBacteria don’t have ribosomes.
False; Yes, they doRibosomes aren’t made of membranes
True or False
Plant cells don’t have centrioles
True; at least we can’t see them
Name the process by which your fingersand toes formed from paddle-likestructures and your tail disappeared?
apoptosis
http://www.mgm.ufl.edu/images/bharfe/image3.jpg
http://www.nurseminerva.co.uk/tail_bud.htm
Bacteria are ______________ prokaryotes eukaryotes
prokaryotes
This storage spaceis a ___________.vacuole
http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif
An animal cell is a ____________. prokaryote eukaryote
eukaryote
Name the molecule that makes plantcell walls sturdy
cellulose
Name the storage space that is larger in plants than animals.
vacuole
Name the molecule that provides the energy for cell activities
ATP
Name the molecule found inBacterial cell walls that makes them
different from plants
peptidoglycan
Thylakoid stacks would be seen inside_____________________
Mitochondria Golgi bodies chloroplasts
chloroplasts
Cells that need a lot of energy probably have a lot of ______________
Golgi bodies Smooth ER mitochondria centrioles
mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum withoutribosomes attached is called_____________________Smooth ER
Tell one way plant cells and animal cells are alike?
Both: are eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound organelles have a cell membrane have DNA in multiple chromosomes
Tell one way plant cells and bacterial cells are alike?
Both: have a cell wall have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes
Tell one way animal cells and bacterial cells are alike?
Both: have a cell membrane have DNA have a cytoskeleton have ribosomes
Tell one way plant cells are different from animal cells?
PLANTS ANIMALS
Have cell wall NO cell wallHave chloroplasts No chloroplasts no centrioles have centriolesBig vacuole small vacuole
Tell one way plant cells are different from bacteria cells?
PLANTS BacteriaEukaryotes prokaryotesHave chloroplasts No chloroplastsCellulose peptidoglycan
in cell wall in cell wallBig vacuole no vacuolenucleus no nucleusMembrane bound organelles No membrane bound
organelles
Tell one way animal cells are different from bacteria cells?
Animal BacteriaEukaryotes prokaryotesNo cell wall cell wallvacuole no vacuolenucleus no nucleusMembrane bound organelles No membrane bound
organellesCentrioles no centrioles