7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
1/30
31
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Metals and Non-Metals - Chapter 3
c. Whatisthebrownakysubstance?
d. WhatarethecommonvalenciesshownbymetalM?
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttoremembervariousreactionsandpropertiesof
metals, their compoundsandgases evolved during reactions ofthe carbonates and
sulphideoreswithdiluteacids.Theymaybeencouragedtotabulatevariousreactions
ofmetalsingeneralformandbefamiliarwithallthereactions.
Revisitingchapter1ChemicalReactionsandEquationsmayberequiredforstudents
whonditdifculttowritebalancedchemicalreactions.
Attentionofthestudentsmaybedrawntowardscategorisingthereactionsintovarious
typesstudiedinchapter1.
Metals and Non-metals Chapter 3
Assessment Technique:MultipleChoiceQuestionsBasedWorksheet
Objectives:Toenablestudentsto-
Recallvariousphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofmetalsandnon-metals.
DrawcorrelationbetweentheoxideofanelementandpHofitsaqueoussolution.
Recallreactivityseriesofmetalstopredicttheproductsofareaction.
Applytheconceptualknowledgetodailyusesoftheelements.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
ThestudentsmaybegiventhefollowingMCQbasedworksheetaftertheteaching-learningofthe
completeunitMetalsandNon-metalstostrengthentheconcepts.
Assessment Parameters:Eachofthefollowingquestionsmaybeassessedgivingequalweightage
of1marktoeachcorrectanswer.
Student Worksheet: Time: 30 minutes
Choosethemostcurrentineachofthefollowing:
1. Ailthefollowingmaterialsshowpropertyofmalleabilityexcept
a. Iron b. Graphite c. Aluminium d. Silver
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
2/30
32
Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
2. Thesolutionofashobtainedafterburningmagnesiumribboninairwillturn.
a. Redlitmustobluebecauseitisacidicinnature.
b. Bluelitmustoredbecauseitisbasicinnature.
c. bluelitmustoredbecauseifisacidicinnature.
d. Redlitmustobluebecauseitisbasicinnature.
3. ___x____istheproductformedwhensulphurreactswithoxygen,itdissolvesinwater
toproduce___y___Choosecorrecloplionforxandy.
X Y
a SO2 Acid
b SO3 Neutral
c SO2 Base
d SO3 Acid
4. Sodiummetalisstoredin___x___ because itreactsvigoursly toproduce ___y___
Choosethecorrectoptionforxandy.
X Y
a Water Acidicoxide
b Alcohol Neutraloxide
c Kerosene Basicoxide
d Airtightcontainer Acidiccarbonate
5. Metal___ x___reactsvigorouslywithwatertoproducegas__y__whichburnswiththe
popsoundChoosethecorrectoptionforxandy.
X Y
a Sodium Oxygen
b Magnesium Oxygen
c Sodium Hydrogen
d Sodium Sodiumoxide
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
3/30
33
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Metals and Non-Metals - Chapter 3
6. Whichofthefollowingcanbebeatenintothinsheets?
a. Zinc b. Phosphorus c. Sulphur d. Oxygen
7. Readthe followingstatementscarefully andselect thecorrectstatementsaboutthe
physicalandchemicalpropertiesofmetals-
I. Allmetalsareductile
II. Generallymetalsareductile
III. Metals which are more reactive than hydrogen react with acids to release
hydrogengas.
IV. Allmetalsreactwithacidstoreleasehydrogengas.
Thecorrectstatementoftheaboveare-
a) 1andIV b) IandIII,
c) II and III d) II and IV
8. Aluminiumfoilisusedforwrappingfoodbecause-
a. Itisductile b. Itismalleable
c. Itisagoodconductorofheat d. Itissonorous
9. Whathappenswhendilutesulphuricacidispouredonacopperplate?
a. Noreactiontakesplace b. Zincsulphateformed
c. Copperchlorideformed d. Coppersulphateformed.
10. Whichmaterialishardinnature?
a. Iron b. Graphite c. Oxygen d. sodium
11. Whichoneofthefollowingmetalisusedinthermometers?
a. Copper
b. Mercury
c. Aluminium
d. Iron
12. Correctthestatementbysubstitutingthexandywithcorrectoption.
XcantbedrawnintowiresbecauseitisnotYinnature.
X Y
a Coal Ductile
b Copper Malleable
c Aluminium Ductile
d Coal Malleable
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
4/30
34
Chapter 3 - Metals and Non-Metals Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
13. Zincreplacescopperfrom_X__solutionbecauseitis__Y___thancopper.Substitute
XandYwithcorrectoption.
X Y
a Zincsulphate Less reactive
b Coppersulphate more reactive
c sulphuricacid more reactive
d Coppersulphate Less reactive
14. Mostmetallicoxidesare-
a. Acidicisnature b. Neutralinnature
c. Basicinnature d. Amphotericinnature
15. ___X___isusedfordecoratingsweetsbecauseitis_Y___innature?SubstituteXandY with correct choice.
X Y
a Silverfoil Ductile
b Copperfoil Malleable
c Aluminiumfoil Ductile
d Silverfoil Malleable
Suggested Remediation:
Some students may nd it difcult to remember difference between ductility and
malleabilitySpendingtimeonQ.13and15willhelpremovethisdifculty.Moreover
somemnemonicmaybegiventothestudentseg.Drawnintowires-Ductility.
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttocomprehendthedifferencebetweenthesentences-
allmetalsandgenerallymostmetalshavethepropertyteachershouldhelp
theminunderstandingthedifference.
Thisworksheetshouldbeabletohelpdiagnoseanydifcultiesintheunderstandingof
theconceptsofphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofmetalsandnon-metals.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
5/30
35
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:Contentbasedworksheet
Objectives:Toenablestudentsto-:
Learnthatethylalcoholisamajorcomponentofwine.
Learnthatvinegaris5-8%solutionofethanoicacid.
UnderstandthatethanolisoxidizedtoethanoicacidonheatingwithAlkalineKMnO4
oracidiedPotassiumdichromate.
Tocorrelatethegivenfactsaboutanorganiccompoundtosolveaproblemidentication
ofunknowncompound
Task: Individual
Proc:edure: The following worksheet may be given to the students after a teaching-learning
episodeonchemicalandphysicalpropertiesofethanolandvinegar.
Teachersmaygivethefollowinginformationtothestudentsasarecallbeforegivingthemthe
worksheet-
CH3CH2OHisamajorcomponentofwine.
AlcoholsonoxidationwithAlkalineKMnO4oracidiedPotassiumdichromateare
convertedtocarboxylicacids.
Example:CH3CH2OH CH3COOH
Vinegaris5-8%solutionofethanoicacid,itiswidelyusedasapreservativeinpickles.
Stupent Worksheet Time = 10 min
Studythegivenproblemcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions:
Problem-
AnorganiccompoundA(C 2H4O2)isaconstituentofwine.Thiscompound,onheatingwithalkaline
potassiumpermanganategetsoxidisedto,give,anothercompoundBwhichturnsbluelitmusred.
Q1. IdentifycompoundA.Writedownitschemicalnameandchemicalformula.
Chemicalname___________________________________________________
Chemicalformula___________________________________________________
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
6/30
36
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Q2. IdentifycompoundB.Writedownitschemicalnameanditschemicalformula.
Chemicalname___________________________________________________
Chemicalformula___________________________________________________
Q3. IdentifythefunctionalgroupsinthecompoundsAandB.
Q4. Write the chemical equation for. the reaction of A with alkaline KMnO4 to
produce B.
Q5. NamethetypeofreactionthattakesplaceforformationofBfromA.
Q6. WhatisthenatureofcompoundB?
Q7. Whatis5-8%solutionofBinwatercalled?
Suggested Remediation:
Some students may not be able to identify the compounds in the given problem.
Helpthem recall the propertiesofthe organiccompounds inthe 10thstd syllabus.
Encouragethestudentstomakeatableofpropertiesofalltheorganiccompoundsin
theircourse.
Some students may nd it difcult to write the chemical formula or identify the
functionalgroupsofthecompoundstheymaybehelpedbygivingsomeextrataskof
solvingproblems,writingtheformulaandidenticationofthefunctionalgroup.
Teachermaytakeupaquizintheclasswhereonegroupposesthequestionandother
answers.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:Demonstrationbasedworksheet
Objectives:Toenablestudentsto
Understandthatalcoholsandcarboxylicacidreactinpresenceofanacidcatalystto
formestersandthereactionisknownasethericationreaction.
Learnthatestersaresweetsmellingcompoundsandareusedinmakingperfumesand
avouringagents.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
7/30
37
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Enhancetheirobservationskill.
Correlatetheoccurrenceofachemicalreactiontotheevolutionofsweetodour.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teachersmayperformactivityno.4.8onpage73,ofclassXNCERTSciencetextbookandmay
explainthat
Alcoholsandcarboxylicacidreactinpresenceofacidcatalysttoformestersandthe
reactionisknownasetherication.
Thechemicalreactioninvolvedintheprocessis-
CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH CH3COOC2H5
Themixtureistobeheatedinawaterbathasalcoholisinammable.
Estersaresweetsmellingcompoundsandareusedinmakingperfumesandavouring
agents.
Assessment criteria
Theteachermaymarktheanswerstothequestionsgivenintheworksheetbykeepingaweightage
of2markseachforQ.l&Q.2and1markeachforQ3toQ8
Student Worksheet Time: 10 min
Onthebasisoftheactivityperformed,answerthefollowingquestions-
Ql. Namethetworeactantstaken.
(a) __________________________________
(b) __________________________________
Q2. Identifythefunctionalgrouppresentinthetworeactants.
(a) __________________________________
(b) __________________________________
Q3. Whyisthereactionmixtureheatedonawaterbath?
Q4. Mentiononeidenticationcharacteristicoftheproductformed.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
8/30
38
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Q5. Whatisthegeneralnameofthefunctionalgroupoftheproductformed?
Q6. Giveoneuseofthegroupofcompoundstowhichtheproductformedbelongs.
Q7. Whatisthenamegiventothistypeofreactions.
Q8. Writeachemicalequationforthereactionthathastakenplace.
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttounderstandtheformationofanesterandlinkages
intheestergroupwhencarboxylicacidandalcoholreactwitheachother.Theteacher
mayexplainthisbydepictingtheremovalofwaterfromthereactantsontheboardand
makingthestudentsrecallthatconcentratedsulphuricacidisadehydratingagent,i.e
itremoveswater.Theteachermayevenshowcharringofapaperwhenconc.sulphuric
aciddropsfallonit.
Asanextensiontotheaboveactivitytheteachermayhelpthestudentsappreciatethe
reversereactionofesterication,i.e.saponication.
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttogivereasonforheatingthereactionmixtureona
waterbath,helptheminunderstandingthisby-
1. makingthemcomparetheboilingpointsofwater,alcoholandaceticacid 2. drawingtheirattentiontowardsthefactthattheseorganiccompoundsarehighly
inammableandundergocombustiontoproduceCO2 and water
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment Technique:Databasedworksheet
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto:
learnthatagroupofcompoundswithsamefunctionalgrouparecalledHomologues
discoverthat in ahomologous series thedifference in theformulaof two adjacent
compoundsisof-CH2anddifferenceinmolecularmassis-14u
appreciatethatchemicalpropertiesofmembersofaHomologousseriesaresimilar,.
formulatethegeneralformulaforahomologousseries.
PredictthenextmembersofaHomologousseries.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
9/30
39
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teachermaygivethisworksheettothestudentsafter,theyhavelearnttoderiveageneralformula
forcompoundswithsamefunctionalgroups.ThefollowingbriefideaboutaHomologousseries
maybegiventothestudents.
AseriesofcompoundswithsamefunctionalgroupiscalledaHomologousseries.
EachHomologousseriescanbegivenaGeneralformulainwhichnumberofcarbon
atomisdenotedbynandthennumberofhydrogenisrelatedton.Ifanyotherhetro
elementlikeO(oxygen)ispresentinthecompound,itsnumberisalsowrittenasa
subscript.e.g.generalformulaofaekanseriesisCnH2n+2
IfoneknowsthegeneralformulaofaHomologousseries,themolecularformulaof
memberscanbewritten.Afterthecompletionoftheworksheetteachermayaddother
signicantinformationrelatedtotheconcept.
Assessment Pararneters
Question1: carries3marks
Question2: 6carries1markeach
Question7: carries2marks.
Student Worksheet Time: 15 minutes
Instructions:
Fewpairof.organiccompoundsaregivenbelow:
A. CH3OH&C2H5OH
B. C2H5OH&C3H7OH
C. C3H7OH&C4H9OH
Atomicmass:C=12u,H=1u,O=16u
Answerthefollowingquestionsonthebasisofabovedata.
Q1. Calculatethedifferenceinformulaandmolecularmassesinthepairsgivenabovea,b,and c.
Forpair(a)Differenceinformula:________;Differenceinmolecularmass:________
Forpair(a)Differenceinformula:________;Differenceinmolecularmass:________
Forpair(a)Differenceinformula:________;Differenceinmolecularmass:________
Q2. Whatiscommonintheaboveresult?
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
10/30
40
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Q3. NamethefunctionalGroup/GroupspresentintheHydrocarbonslistedabove.
Q4. Arrangetheabovehydrocarbonsinorderofincreasingnumberofcarbonatoms.
Q5. Whatissuchtypeofseriescalled?
Q6. WritedownageneralformulafortheseriesformedinQuestionNo.4indicatingthe
numberofC,HandOatom.
Q7. WiththehelpoftheresultofQuestionNo.1writethenexttwomembersofthisseries
obtainedinQuestionNo.4.
i) _______________________________________________________________
ii) _______________________________________________________________
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttogeneralizethattwoadjacentmembersofseries
ofsametypeofcompoundshavedifferenceof-CH2groupinformulaand14uin
molecularmass.Teachermayhelpthemrealisethisbygivingmoreexamples.
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttomakethegeneralformula,teachermayhelpthem
bygivingthemexamplesofserieswithotherfunctionalgroups(eg.alkenes,alkenes
etc.)
Somestudentsnditdifculttoextendtheseriesbyaddingmoremembers.Teacher
mayexplain,theconceptagaintothem.
FurtherteachermayaddthatchemicalpropertiesofthemembersofaHomologous
seriesaresameastheyallhavesamefunctionalgroupandchemicalpropertiesofa
compoundmainlydependsonthefunctionalgrouppresentinit.Dataaboutphysicalpropertiesofmembersofahomologousseriesmaybesharedwiththestudentstomake
themappreciatetheconstantgradationinthephysicalpropertiesofthehomologues.
Carbon and its Compounds: Chapter 4
Assessment Technique:Project
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto-
Gainexpertiseintheskillofnaminghydrocarbons Writethestructuralformulaofhydrocarbons
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Theteachermaygivethistasktothestudentsafterexplainingtheconceptofnomenclatureof
hydrocarbons.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
11/30
41
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Namingofacarboncompoundcanbedoneusingthefollowingsteps.Identifythelongestchain
inthecompoundcarryingfunctionalgroupandcountthenumberofcarbonatomsinthat.The
numberofcarbonatomsinthelongestchainformtherootword.
Nunber of carbons Word Root
1 meth
2 eth
3 prop
4 but
5 pent
6 hex
7 hept
8 oct
9 non
10 dec
Prexesandsufxesmaybeaddedtotherootwordaccordingtotheirpresenceinthecompound
asfollows(thefollowingrulessufcetheclassXsyllabusofCBSEandareinaccordancewith
NCERTclassXsciencebook)-
Prex+Rootword+primarysufx+secondarysufx
Primarysufxes
Identication group Class of compound Sufx
Singlebonds Alkane ane
Doublebond Alkene ene
Triplebond Alkyne yne
Prexes
Structure offunctional qroup
Class ofcompound
Prex
CI,Br halides Chloro,
bromo
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
12/30
42
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
SecondarySufxes
Structure of
functional qroup
Class of
compound
Sufx
-OH alcohols -ol
-CHO aldehydes -al
-CO
ketones -one
-COOH Carboxylic
acids
-oicacid
Student Worksheet Time: 5-6 Days
Aim of the Project:
Tostudythetechniqueofnamingdifferenthydrocarbonsandnameminimum30hydrocarbonand
alsowritetheirstructuralformula.
Project Report:
Thestudentsmaybeaskedtoprepareawrittenreportoftheprojectundertakenusingtheformat
givenbelow:
AimoftheProject
Introduction
Theory
Procedure
Result
Assessment parameters:
AreaofAssessment ValuePoints
Presentation 2
Content 2
Result 2
Creativity 2
Viva 2
Total 10
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
13/30
43
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Suggested Remediation:
A few students may nd it difcult to write the correct name or structure of the
simplehydrocarbons,theymaybe-encouragedtonamethesimplecompoundsrstby
followingtheruies.
Some studentsmayandit difcultto differentiate betweenbaldheads, ketenesand
alcohols.whenwrittenincondensedform,theymaybehelpedbywritingtheopenand
condensedstructuresofthesamecompound.
Some studentsmayforget to count the carbon of carboxyl group in the base(root)
chain.Teachermayreiteratethatallthecarbonsthatarelinkedtoeachotherinachain
withoutanyhetroatom(O,Netc.)inbetweenaretobecountedinthechain.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment Technique:DiagramBasedWorksheet
Objectives:
Toenablethestudentsto-
appreciatethatsomeelementsformcompoundsbysharingofelectronstoform,covalent
bondsUnderstandthatcarbonwithfourvalenceelectrons,formsonlycovalentbonds.
Correlate the bonds formed as single, double or triple to the number of pairs of
electronssharedbetweentheatoms,learnwritingelectronicdotstructureforformation
ofcovalent compoundscalculate and identifythe number andtypesof bonds ina
compoundformedbysharingofelectrons.
Task: Individual Procedure
Teachersmaygivethisworksheettothestudentsafterteaching-learningexperienceofbondingin
carbon.
Carbonhas4electronsinoutermostshellsoitcanneitherlooseelectronsnoraccept
electronstoattainanoblegascongurationasboththeprocessesinvolvehighenergy.
Soitformsbondbysharingitsvalenceelectronswithatomsofotherelementstogain
anorateofelectrons.Thesharedelectronsbelongtotheoutermostshellsofboththe
atomsandleadtobothatomsattainingthenobleasconguration.
Thebondformedbysharingelectronsiscalledcovalentbond,Notonlycarbon,butmanyotherelementsformmoleculesbysharingelectrons.
A single covalent bondrepresented byaline betweenthetwo atoms, is formedby
sharingonepairofelectrons.
Adoublebond representedbytwolinesbetweenthetwoatoms,isformedbysharing
twopairofelectrons.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
14/30
44
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
ATriplebondrepresentedbythreelinesbetweenthetwoatoms,isformedbysharing
3pairsofelectronsbetweentwoatoms.
Assessment Parameters:
Question1-8 carriesonemarkeach.
Question9 carry2marks.
Student Worksheet Time: 10 minutes
INSTRUCTIONS:
Lookatthefollowingdiagramshowingelectronicdotstructurecarefullyandanswertheirquestions
thatfollow:
Figure4.3,4.4,4.5page44ofclassX,NCERT,ScienceTextBook.
Q1. NamethemoleculewhoseelectronicdotstructureisdepictedindiagramIandIII
Q2. Identifythetypeofbondbeingformedinthemoleculesshownabove.
Q3. Howmanypairsofelectronsarebeingsharedbetweenthetwoatomsofoxygen?
Q4. HowmanybondsareformedbetweentwoatomsofOxygen?
Q5. WritedownthestructuralformulaofthecompoundbeingshownindiagramIII.
Q6. WritetheelectronicdotstructureofMethane.
Q7. Writetheelectronicdotstructureofethene
Q8. Writetheelectronicdotstructureofpropane
Q9. Givethenumberofdifferenttypeofbondspresentinonemoleculeofpropane.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
15/30
45
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynotknowthemolecularformulaofmethane,ethaneandpropane,teachermaygivethemtheformulabeforeaskingtowritetheelectrondotstructuresofthesecompounds.
Some students mayand it difcult to recollectthe number of valenceelectrons in
carbon and hydrogen atom and their placement around the central atom for bondformation.Theymaybehelpedbyaskingthemtowritetheelectroniccongurationsoftheelementstondthenumberofvalenceelectronsandvaliancysomestudentsmaymiss,abondwhilecountingdifferenttypeofbonds.
They maybeasked to be cautious whilecountingthe number of bondsincaseof
doubleandtriplebondedcompounds.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapterh 4
Assessment Technique:ContentbasedAssessment.Objective:Toenablethestudentsto
Recall chemical properties of hydrocarbons, alcohols and carboxylic acids. Write
chemicalequationsfortheorganicreactionswithmainproductsformedduringthe
reaction.
Drawcorrelationsbetweenthetypeoffunctionalgroupandthechemicalpropertiesof
organiccompounds.
Recognise variousreagentslike-a reducing or an oxidising agentusedin organic
reactions.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Thefollowingformativeassessmentsheetmaybegiventothestudentstoassesstheirunderstanding
ofthechemicalpropertiesshownbyhydrocarbons,alcoholsandcarboxylicacids.
Arevisionofthefollowingconceptsmaybedonebeforetheassessment.
Hydrocarbonsburn,inoxygentogivecarbondioxide,waterandheat.
AlcoholwhenheatedwithAlkalineKMnO4oracidiedpotassiumdichromate,are
convertedtocarboxylicacid.
UnsaturatedhydrocarbonsaddhydrogeninthepresenceofcatalystssuchasPalladium
ornickeltogivesaturatedhydrocarbons.
Inthepresenceofsunlight,saturatedhydrocarbonsundergosubstitutionreactingwith
chlorine.
Alcoholreactwithsodiummetaltoformsodiumalkoxideandhydrogengas.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
16/30
46
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Onheatingethanolwithexcesscone.H2SO4at443Kethaneandwaterisformed.
Whencarboxylicacidandalcoholreactingpresenceofacid,sweetsmellingesteris
formedandesterreactinpresenceofanacidorabasetogivebackthealcoholand
carboxylicacid.
CarboxylicacidreactswithabaselikeNaOHtogivesodiumsaltofcarboxylicacidand water.
Carboxylicacidreactswithcarbonatesandhydrogencarbonatestogivesalts,water
andcarbondioxide.
Assessment Parameters:
Onemarkforeverycorrectchemicalequation.Thereactionsshouldclearlyshowthecatalystused
andthemajorproductsformed.Balancingoforganicreactionsisnotmust.Reactionsgiven
inNCERT.chapterIV,classXtextbookmaybeusedascriteriaofmarking.
Student Worksheet Time: 20 minutes
Writebalancedchemicalequationforthefollowingchemicalreaction:
A. CombustionofMethane.
B. Reactionofethanolwithhotalkalinepotassiumpermanganate.
C. ReactionofpropenewithHydrogeninpresenceofpalladiumornickel
D. ReactionofMethanewithchlorineinpresenceofsunlight.
F. ReactionofethanolwithSodiumMetal
G. Whenethanolisreactedwithhotconc.SulphuricAcid.
H. Reactionofethanoicacidwithethanolinpresenceconc.H2SO4.
I. Reactionofethylethanoate(CH3COOC2H5)withSodiumhydroxide.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
17/30
47
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
J. Reactionofethanoicacidwithsodiumhydroxide.
K. ReactionofethanoicacidwithSodiumbicarbonate
Suggested Remediation:
Some.studentsmaynditdifculttowritethecorrectformulaofanorganiccompound.
Teachermayencouragethestudentstowritethegeneralformulaeandthefunctional
groupsoforganiccompoundsintheirsyllabusonachartandrevisitthenamingof
organiccompounds.
Some students maynd it difcult to recall theproductsof thechemicalreaction
orbalancetheequation.Theteachermayaskthemtotabulateallthereactionsofa
particularfunctionalgrouptogetheranddrawcorrelationsinthereactions.Correlations
serveasamemorytool.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:ContentBased(orWritingchemicalformula)
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
Writedownthemolecularformulaofhydrocarbons.
Recognisethefunctionalgroupthroughthenameofthehydrocarbon.
Appreciatethatifmolecularformulaandfunctionalgrouppresentinthecompoundis
known,structureofthecompoundcanbewritten.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
This worksheet may be given to the students after teaching them the nomenclature of the
hydrocarbonsandskillofdrawingthestructureofhydrocarbon.
Assessment parameter:Everycorrectanswercarries1mark.
Student Worksheet Time: 10 min.
Instructions:
Writethemolecularformulaanddrawthestructureforthefollowingcompounds.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
18/30
48
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Compound Molecular formula Structure
Ethanoicacid
Bromopentane
Butanone
Hexanal
Heptyne
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynotbeabletorecallthemolecularformulaofthecompoundso
maydrawthestructurewrong,Teachermayneedtorepeattherevisionexercise.
AfewstudentsmaynotcountCarbonofCarboxylgroupinthebasechainandmay
writeethanoicacidasC2H5COOH.Teachermayneedtorevisetheconcept-andexplain
thenthatallthecarbonsthatarelinkedtoeachotherinachainwithoutanyheteroatominbetweenaretobecountedinrootchain.
Somestudentsmayassumethehexanaltobeanalcohol.
Somestudentsmaynotconsiderthebalanceofcarbonwhilewritingthestructureof
compounde.g.Heptyneandcarbonmaybeforming5bonds.Teacherneedtoexplain
tothemthesignicanceofnumberofbondsfermedbyacarbonatom.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:DatabasedWorksheet
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
UnderstandtheHomologousseriesanditscharacteristics.
WritethegeneralformulaofHomologousseries.
Applythegeneral formulaofa homologous series to identifyanycompound in he
series.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teacher maygive this worksheet to the students after teaching - learning the concept ofThe
homologousseries.
Teachermaygivethefollowinginformationtothestudentsasarecall:-
AserieswiththehydrocarbonshavingsamefunctionalgroupiscalledHomologous
series.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
19/30
49
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Differenceintheformulaandmolecularmassoftwoconsecutivecompoundsmembers
ofsame
Homologousseriesis-CH2and-14urespectively.
A homologous series can be identied with a general formula which helps in
determiningtheothermembersoftheseries.
Assessment parameters:Asindicatedintheworksheet.
Student Worksheet Time: 10 minutes
Instructions:
Arunwrotefewseriesofhydrocarbonandleftblanksinbetween.Lookatthechemicalformulain
theseriesofhydrocarbonscarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow:
I II III IV V
CH4 C2H4 C2H2 CH3OH D
C2H6 C3H6 B C2H5OH CH3COOH
C3H8 A C4H6 C3H7OH C2H5COOH
C4H10 C5H10 C5H8 C C3H7COOH
Ql. WhatisthedifferenceintheformulaandmolecularmassbetweenC2H6&C3H8;C3H8
andC4H10?
Q2. WhataresuchseriesofHydrocarbonscalled?
Q3. SubstitutetheblanksA,B,C,Dwithcorrectchemicalformulaofthecompound. A. _________________________ B. _________________________
C. _________________________ D. _________________________
Q4. NamethefunctionalgrouppresentintheseriesIV&V.
Q5. Whichistherstmemberofthealkaneseries?
Q6. Whatisthegeneralformulaofthehomologousseriesofalkyneandalcohol.
Q7. Name the chemical formula of 6th member of alkyne series and 15th member of
alcohol series.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
20/30
50
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynotbeabletomakeandusethegeneralformulaofhomologous
seriesofalkyneandalcohol.Theymaybegivenmorepracticeusingdifferentexamples
fromsameanddifferenthomologousseries.
SomestudentsmaynottoabletoidentifythecompoundandfunctionalgrouppresentinthatHelpthemtorecallthesame.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:FactsbasedWorksheet
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
Learnthebasicfactsaboutcarbonatomlikeelectronicconguration,valencyandits
combustion.
understandtheversatilenatureofcarbonatom.
Appreciatethatcarbonformscompoundsbysharingelectrons.
Learnthatalkanesaresaturatedbutalkenesandalkynesareunsaturated
hydrocarbonswherepairofcarbonsarebondedwithdoubleandtriplecovalentbond
respectively.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teachermaygivethisworksheettothestudentsafterdiscussingaboutthenatureofcarbonatom
anditsbondingability
Teachermaygivethefollowinginformationtothestudentsasarecall:-
CompoundsofcarbonandhydrogenarecalledHydrocarbons.
Carbonformscovalentbondsbysharingtheelectrons.
Alkanesaresaturatedhydrocarbonswithapairofcarbonatomsbondedtogetherwith
doublebond.
Alkynesareunsaturatedhydrocarbonswithapairofcarbonatomsondedtogetherwithtriplebond.
HydrocarbonsoncombustionproduceCO2,H2Oheatandenergy.
Functionalgroupareatomsorgroupofatomspresentinhydrocarbonwhichdetermines
itschemicalproperties.
Assessment parameters:Asindicatedintheworksheet.(Q1-Q81mark)
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
21/30
51
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Student Worksheet Time : 10 min
Kunalgotafactsheetaboutcarbonatomwhichhasstormedhisbrainwithmanyquestions.
Atomicnumberofcarbonis6.
Itistetravalentinnaturethatiswhyonecarbonatomcombineswith4Hydrogenatomtoformmethane.
Itcanneithergiveelectronortakeelectrontoformacompound.
It hasa versetilenature andformmany hydrocarbon likealkanesalkenes,alkynes,
alcohol,carboxylicacid.
The chemical properties of hydrocarbon , are determined by the functional group
presentinit.
Fewofthequestionsarelistedbelowcanyouhelphimwiththeanswers.Tryit
Q1. Whatistheelectroniccongurationofcarbon?
Q2. Carbonistetravalentinnature.Whatdoesitmean?
Q3. Whatisthevalanceofcarboninethane?
Q4. Carbonneithergiveselectronortakeselectronthenhowdoesitcompleteitsoctetand
whatisthetypeofbondtoformed.
Q5. Whatisahydrocarbon?
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
22/30
52
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Q6. Whatisthedifferencebetweenalkanesandalkenes?
Q7. When carbon is burnt carbon dioxide is formed. Name the products formed when
hydrocarbonsareburnt.
Q8. Whatisafunctionalgroup?
Q9. Whydoescarbonformmanycompounds?(Givetworeasons)
1.
2.
Suggested Remediation:
A fewstudents maybe puzzled to ndoutthevalenceof carbon in ether.Teachermayneedtoexplain.Ascarbonthatvalenceofcarbonneverchanges(Valenceisthe
Capacitytoformbondshasfourelectroninoutermostshellitsvaluanceis4)
A few students may write that alkanes are saturated and alkenes are unsaturated
hydrocarbonoralkeneshaveonepairofcarbonatomsbondedwithdoublebond.
Afewstudentsmaynotcorrelatethatoneofthemajorcomponentofhydrocarbonis
carbonandthereforetheircombustionalsoleadstotheproductionofCO2andH2O
heatandlightTeachermayhelpthemtounderstand.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:FormulaBasedWorksheet(Brainstorming)
Objectives:Toenablethelearnersto
Learnthemolecularformulaofahydrocarbonandwithitsstructureandversa.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
23/30
53
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Establish the relation between Hydrocarbons molecular formula and structure and
name
Applytheconceptofnomenclatureofhydrocarbon.
Task : Individual
Procedure:
TeachermaygivethisworksheettothestudentstoaccesstheirunderstandingofNomenclatureof
hydrocarbonsandskillofdrawingthestructureofthehydrcabon,
Assessment parameter:Eachquestioncarries2marks
Student Worksheet Time: 10 min.
Instructions:
Givenbelowarethename,molecularformulaandstructureofafewhydrocarbons.Inoneofthe
threecolumns,thereissomeerror.Identifythewrongentryandwritethecorrectanswerinthebox
givenbeside.
Hydrocarbon Formula Structure
Propanol C3H8O
H H H| | |
H C C C = O| |
H H
Chlorobutane C4H8CI
H H H H| | | |
H C C C C Cl| | | |
H H H H
Ethanoicacid C2H5COOH
H H O| | ||
H C C C OH| |
H H
Propanone C3H7O
H O H| || |
H C C C H| |
H H
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
24/30
54
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Heptyne C7H14
H H H H H| | | | |
H C C C C C C = C H| | | | |
H H H H H
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynotbeabletoestablishtherelationofhydrocarbon-name,molecularformula,structure,theyneedtobegivenmorepractice.
Somestudentsmaynotbeabletorecallthemolecularformula.
Somemaynotincludethecarbonofcarboxylgroupinbasechain.Teachermayneedtoguidethem.
Somestudentsmaynotcheckthevalenceofthecaronatome.g.(inHeptyne)andso
maynotndanyerrorinquestion5.Theyneedtoexplainthesame.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:Contentbased
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
understandandlearnthechemicalpropertiesofHydrocarbons..
Identifythereactantsusedandproductsformedindifferentreactions.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teacher may give this worksheet to the students after teaching - learning the properties of
Hydrocarbons.Assessmentparameter-1markforeachcorrectanswer
Student Worksheet
Instructions:
Mr.Puriexplainedthechemicalpropertiesofhydrocarbonstostudentsandwrotethechemical
equationsforthereactions.Heaskedthestudentstonotethemintheirnotebooks.Suddenlythe
bellrang.Ashemovedout,Rishelrubbedafewcompoundsfromtheblackboard.Nowstudents
areinafuss.Canyouhelptheminplacingchemicalformulaofcorrectcompoundtocompletethe
chemicalequationforthereactions:
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
25/30
55
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Try
1. CH4+O2 _________________+H2O+heatandlight
AlkalineKMnO42. CH3CH2OH _________________ HH
NiCatalyst| |
3. _________________ RCCR
| |
RR
Sunlight4. CH4+_________ CH3Cl+HCl
5. CH3CH2OH+2Na _______________
Hot.Conc.H2SO46. CH3CH2OH _______________
Acid7. CH3CH2OH+CH3COOH _______________8. CH3CH2COOC2H5+NaOH _______________+C2H5OH9. CH3COOH+_______________ CH3COONa+H2O10. CH3COOH+NaHCO3 CH3COONa+H2O+_______________
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynditdifculttoidentifytheproductorguessthereactantusedinthe chemical reaction.
Teachermayhelpthemrecallthelearningandrepheattherevisionexcerise.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique: Matchthecolumn
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
learnthenomenclatureofthehydrocarbonsapplytheunderstandingoftechniqueof
namingofhydrocarbons
Identifythereactantsusedandproductsformedindifferentreactions.
Task : Individual
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
26/30
56
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Procedure:
Teacher may give this worksheet to the students after teaching - learning of
Nomenclatureofthehydrocarbons.Followingpointsmayberecalledinconcernwith
thenomenclatureofhydrocarbons.
Carboninthebasicchainwithfunctionalgroupisidentiedandnamedusingsuitableprexorsufxforthefunctionalgroupe.g. ifitisalcoholsufxusedisolandif
aldehydesufxusedisol.
Tonameacyclicalkanesufxusediscyclo.
C6H6isbenzene.
Assessment parameter:1markforeverycorrectmatch.
Student Worksheet Time: 10 min.
Instructions:
MatchthestructuresofhydrocarbonsgivenincolumnBwiththeirIUPACnamesincolumnCand
writethecorrespondings.no.numbertothecorrectnameincolumnA
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
27/30
57
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Carbon and its Compounds - Chapter 4
Suggested Remediation:
Somestudentsmaynotrecalltheprexforaparticularnumberofcarbonandmay
namethebasechainwrong.
Somestudentsmayconfusebetweentheprexalisforalcohol.
Afewstudentsmaynotdifferentiatethestructurecyclohexaneandbenzene.
Afewstudentsmaynotcountthecarbonofcarboxylgroupinthebasechain.Teacher
mayrepeattherevisionexercise.
Carbon and its Compounds Chapter 4
Assessment technique:Matchthecolumn
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto
Understandthenomenclatureofthehydrocarbons.
Identifythenameofahydrocarbon.
AppreciatethegeneralformulaofaHomologousseries.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Teachermaygivethisworksheettothestudentstopracticethenomenclatureofthehydrocarbons
afterteachingthesame.
TypesofbondsanduseofgeneralformulaofaHomologousseriesshouldberecalledpriortothat.
GeneralformulaofAlkanesseriesisCnH2n+2.lnitallthebondsaresingle.
GeneralformulaofAlkenesisCnH2n.Itcontainsonedoublebond.
GeneralformulaofAlkynesseriesisCnH2n2.Itcontainsonetriplebond.
Assessment parameter:
1 mark for every correct match andone mark for completing andverifying the magicsquare
correctly.
Student Worksheet Time: 10 min.
Instructions:
Putthenumberofthehintfromthelistintothesquarewithappropriatematch.Checkyouranswer
byaddingthenumberstoseeifallthesumoftherowsbothacrossanddownadduptothesame
number,themagicnumber.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
28/30
58
Chapter 4 - Carbon and its Compounds Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
CH3COOH C5H10 CH3COOH Magicnumber
CH3CH2CI HCHO C15H32 Magicnumber
CH3COCH3 C6H10 C2H5OH Magicnumber
Magicnumber Magicnumber Magicnumber
HINT LIST:
1. Ethanol
2. Chloroethane
3. Analkene
4. Methanal
5. Itsdil.FormisusedasVinegar.
6. Ketonewith3carbonatom.
7. Analkyne
8. Containsatriplebond.
9. Analkane.
Suggested Remediation:
Afewstudentsmaynotassociateallthesquareswiththecorrecthint,confusionmay
be between methanol and methanal.
Studentscancheckthemselvesbyaddingthenumberintherowsandthinkoverthe
answeragainorteachermayhelpthemtorecall.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
29/30
59
Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers Period Classication of Elements - Chapter 5
Period Classication of Elements Chapter 5
Assesment Technique: DataBasedWorksheet
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto-
LearnthesalientfeaturesoftheModernPeriodictable.
Understandthetrendsofdifferentpropertiesontheperiodictable.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
Thisworksheetmaybegiventothestudentsafterrecallingthesalientfeaturesofthe
periodictableusingachartdisplayingModernPeriodicTable.
Thevalenceelectronschangeacrossaperiodbutremainssameinthegroupsandso
thevalency.
Atomicsizedecreasesacrossaperiodbutincreasesdownthegroup.
Metalliccharacterdecreasesacrossaperiodbutincreasesdownthegroup.
Nonmetalliccharacterincreasesacrossaperiodbutdecreasesdownthegroup.
Assessment Parameter
markforeachcorrectanswer
Student Worksheet
ReadthefollowinglineswrittenabouttheModernPeriodicTableandllintheblanks
IamtheModernPeriodicTable,whereelementsarearrangedonthebasisof______________.
I have ______________ Horizontal rows called______________ and ____________
verticalcolumnsarecalled______________.Myrstperiodisveryshortwith__________
elementsand 2 and3 Period contain ____________elements, 4 and5 has____________
elements. 6 period has____________elements but 7 period is____________. With spacefor more elements.17 group isof____________ 18 isof____________.Atomic size of
myelements____________acrosstheperiodbut____________downthegroupsameas
the metallic character but the non metallic character is____________to that Number of
valenceelectrons____________acrosstheperiodsovariesthevalencybutvalencyofthe
elementsis____________inagroup.AllthepropertiesofelementsarethePeriodicfuction
of____________.
7/27/2019 CBSE Class X (Science) Page 31 60
30/30
Chapter 5 - Period Classication of Elements Formative Assessment Manual for Teachers
Suggested Remediation:
Afewstudentsmaynotrecollectthesalientfeaturesofthemodernperiodictable.
thetablecanbedisplayedforthehelp.
Afewstudentsmaynotrecallthetrendindifferentproperties.
Teachermayexplainthesameagain.
TeachermaysuggestthestudentstolearnthePoem.
Period Classication of Elements Class 5
Assesiytent Technique:Diagram/(PeriodicTable)BasedWorksheet
Objectives:Toenablethestudentsto-
Appreciatetheperiodictrendsinpropertiesofelements.
Learnsalientfeaturesofnewperiodictable.
Studyandanalysethegiventablefortheplacementandpropertiesofelementsinthe
ModernPeriodicTable.
Task: Individual
Procedure:
The teacher, may give the following worksheet after the teaching-learning about the modernperiodic table. The following information may be recalled with the students before they start
workingontheworksheet:
Elementsof1stgrouparecalledalkalimetals,
2ndgroupelementsarecalledalkalineEarthmetals,
Elements of group 17 are called Halogens and that of group 18, are called
noblegases.
Atomicnumberofelementsincreasesfromlefttorightintheperiodandtoptobottom
inthegroupinperiodictable.,
Valency(thecombiningcapacity)ofanelementcanbe.determinedby-
1. Thenumberof,valenceelectronsifthenumberisequaltoorlessthan4.
2. (8-Valenceelectrons)ifthenumberofvalenceelectronsismorethan4.
3. Thegroupnumberforelementsofgroup1and2.