Anton Messmer
Vice President Mobile Radio Testers
Rohde & Schwarz, Germany
Busting the myths of cellular V2x
communication by testing
On the way to a future of autonomous driving
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More Comfort
93% of all car
accidents are caused
by human errors
Safety
People spending more
than 4 years of life in
cars
Efficiency
People like to text, surf
or just enjoy time in
cars
Comfort
Autonomous and/or cooperative systems
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Autonomous Systems e.g. Pre-collision safety system
Cooperative Systems e.g. Traffic hazard warning
On-board sensors are used to detect objects
(other vehicles, signs, pedestrians) around
the vehicle within the visibility range
Enhanced safety systems leverage the smart use of both approaches
Communication with infrastructure or other
vehicles enables detection of objects and
‘events’ outside the visibility range
Typical cooperative safety applications addressed by V2x
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Cooperative maneuver
! ! !
Emergency electronic brake lights
!
Queue warning
Speed harmonization 50
V2X communication architecture: V2V | V2N | V2I | V2P
Direct communication (PC5) or network communication (Uu)
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Cloud Service
Edge Service
Edge Service
V2N:Vehicle to Network
V2V:Vehicle to Vehicle
V2I:Vehicle to Infrastructure
V2P:Vehicle to Pedestrian
3GPP Rel. 14: Adoption of LTE-D2D PC5 in a dedicated carrier
for V2V in-coverage and out-of-coverage scenarios
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In-coverage scenario w/
eNodeB scheduling (TM3)
Out-of-coverage scenario w/
distributed scheduling (TM4)
Uu
PC5 PC5
Uu
DMRS extension to cope
with relative speed of
up to 500 km/h
New arrangement of
resources into resource
pools (RPs)
Spectrum sensing and
collision avoidance for
distributed scheduling
Reused channel structure
of sidelink communication
Time synchronization via
GNSS
Introduction the concept of
zones for transmission
resources
Essential to ensure interoperability and required performance:
Test and certification of C-V2x communication devices
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LTE-V (PC5) Test setup
ı LTE-PC5 communication test
Transmission Mode 4 (3GPP Rel.14, PSCCH, PSSCH)
Out-of-coverage operation with GNSS synchronization
ı GCF Protocol Conformance
LTE-V2V GCF Work Item 281 (V2V)
LTE-V2X GCF Work Item 282 (V2X)
PC5 GNSS
C-V2x signaling solution for 3GPP Rel.14
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First C-V2x signaling solution on the market
CMW500 MLAPI based C-V2x Test Cases
The demo shows vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)
PC5 mode communications between a
simulated vehicle (DUT) and the
R&S®CMW500.
Transferring ITS messages from one vehicle
to the other will be demonstrated. E.g. if one
vehicle brakes, it will be seen in the other
vehicle. Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMam1ve4mCQ
C-V2x enhancement in 3GPP focusing on specific use cases
requiring high data rates and lower latency
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Vehicle
Platooning
Advanced
Driving
Extended
sensors
Remote
driving
Support of low latency, high
data rate links to exchange
• sensor data
• intention information
• trajectory data
Aggregation of up to 8 PC5 carriers
(TM3&TM4)
Support of 64 QAM for
higher data rate
Reduce the max. time between L1
packet arrival and resource selected
for transmission
from 20 to 10 ms
Transmit diversity
5GAA timeline for deployment of LTE-V2x (V2V, V2I)
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2021ff 2020 2019 2018
LTE-V (Rel. 14) chipsets
Integration, Validation and testing with OEMs
Testing of traffic infrastructure
LTE V2x (Rel. 14) LTE e-V2x (Rel. 15)
Interop tests
C-V2x is real and ready
with commercial chipsets
In-Vehicle commercial
deployments latest by 2020
Chipset tests
5G NR V2x (Rel. 16)
2017
5G started with trying to define a wide range of applications first and
define a very flexible 5G NR numerology to support most of them
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1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
1
2
Phone
Phone,SMS
Phone, SMS, Web
Voice, Audio, Video, Apps , …
G
G
3 G
5 G
Audio, Video, Apps, AR/VR (eMBB)
Sensors (mMTC)
Sensors/Aktuator (URLLC)
4 G
Over four generations: Technology was searching
for the killer app
5G NR technology cornerstones to meet
reliability and latency requirements of URLLC&V2X applications
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app specific slices
Network Virtualization Robust coding
y1
y2
y3
y4
u1
x1 + +
+
+ u2
u3
u4
x2
x3
x4
Multipoint connectivity
Diversity in frequency and space
Minislots – short symbols Grant free access Mobile edge computing
frequence
Code, Power, ….
14s
7s
4s 2s
100 µs 1 ms
Minislots of 7, 4 or 2 symbols
15 kHz 30 kHz 60 kHz
500 µs
2020 2019
3GPP RAN 5G NR standardization overview
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RAN #78 RAN #79
RAN #80 RAN #81 RAN #82 RAN #83
5G NR Phase 1: SA/NSA for eMBB/URLLC
5G NR Phase 2: Further NR use cases
1/2 L3
1/2 L3
1/2 L3
2018 2017
NSA Opt. 3
LTE-M/NB-IoT coexistence
Industrial IoT enhancements
V2x incl. enhanced use cases
NSA opt. 4&7
SA opt. 2&5
We help our customers to realize the vision of automated driving
with dedicated test solutions for the automotive market
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Signal analysis for high-frequency radar signals
Determine the permissibility of radome material.
Testing of radars with echo generation
Reliable, automated test solutions for V2X
Emergency call - independently certified test solution
Testing in-vehicle communication networks
Rohde & Schwarz
Our solutions for all trends
in the automotive industry
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Thank you very much!