Activities relevant to
Neutrinos in the UK
Alfons WeberOxford/RAL
Durham, 11-Mar-2011
Motivation
• New experiments are needed to measure q13, determine mass hierarchy and observe CP violation in neutrinos
• CP violation essential ingredient for leptogenesis responsible for matter-antimatter asymmetry
• Next round experiments to search q13: T2K, NOvA, reactor experiments (Double Chooz, Daya Bay, RENO)
Double Chooz
NOvAT2K ND280
Mar 2011
Motivation
• Beyond the next round we have three options:– Super-Beams: (eg FNAL-DUSEL, T2KK, SPL-Frejus, CERN-Pyhasalmi….)– Beta Beams: decay of 6He and 18Ne– Neutrino Factory: decay of 25 GeV muons
Neutrino Factory
SPL-MEMPHYS
Beta Beam
Mar 2011
Neutrino Factory detectors
Mar 2011
Multi PixelPhoton Counter (MPPC)
50-100 kt MIND
Scintillator+WLS fibre
ToroidalB-field:1-2.2 T
14 m
Wrong sign muon identification
Mar 2011
Numu efficiency Anti-numu efficiency
e
e
50%
50%
wrongsignmuon
e
detector
Test muon charge identification capabilities in MIND test beam.
Background: 10-4
Totally Active Scintillator Detector (TASD)
Kp
3 cm
1.5 cm15 m
15 m
15
m
100 m
– 35 kton– 10,000 modules– 1000 cells per plane– Total: 10M channels
Momenta between 100 MeV/c to 15 GeV/c Magnetic field considered: 0.5 T Reconstructed position resolution ~ 4.5 mm Can also do proton decay:
Reduction threshold: access second oscillation maximum and electron identification
TASD
Muon charge mis-ID rate
Visual scans: electron charge ID efficiency (~80%)
At what momentum and density can one perform electron charge ID?
Electron charge ID efficiency
Mar 2011
Relevant WP/Task
Task 8.2.1:– Develop test beam area in H8 beamline (North Area at CERN)– A study of the upgrade of the H8 beam to deliver low energy
electrons, muons and hadrons for neutrino experiment prototypes
Task 8.5.2:– Build a Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND) prototype– Install a Totally Active Scintillating Detector prototype inside the
Morpurgo magnet– This will allow to test both electron and muon charge ID in the
same test beam– Apart from the equipment, detectors and electronics we would
also need a DAQ (would the common DAQ be suitable?)– MIND prototype becomes a facility for other users in the test
beam
Mar 2011
Milestones and deliverables
• Task 8.2.1: design study for low energy particle beam line– MS27: Specifications for beam line fixed (month 12)– D8.3: Design study on low energy beam line: Design and
implementation study on a low energy beam to the range of 1 (or possibly less) and 10 GeV (month 26)
• Task 8.5.2: TASD and MIND– MS28: Design of TASD and MIND (month 26) – MS36: Installation of TASD and MIND (month 33)– D8.11: Infrastructure performance and utilization - TASD
and MIND are constructed and tested for their performance. (Will there be test beams in 2014?)
Mar 2011
Low Energy Beamline
Beamline Instrumentation
Totally Active Scintillator prototype in Morpurgo magnet: electron charge ID test
Magnetised Iron prototype:
iron (3 cm) scintillators (2cm)
beam2 m
2 m
B=1 T
3 m
Test beam activity with TASD and MIND prototypes:― Measurement of muon charge ID in MIND― Measurement of electron charge ID in TASD.
Beamline Instrumentation
Beamline Instrumentation
MIND will become an integral part of infrastructure and is used as muon catcher and spectrometer, for testing other prototypes (water Cherenkov, liquid argon, etc.)
Groups that have expressed interest: Geneva (lead), CERN, Fermilab, Valencia, Sofia, UK (Glasgow, RAL/Oxford, Liverpool, Imperial, Warwick, Brunel), France (LLR Palaiseau, IPN Strasbourg, LAPP Annecy), INR Moscow– MIND design: 3-4 cm thick magnetized iron,
two 1.0 cm scintillator planes per iron plate– With 50 planes: depth of ~2 m of iron
plus 100 cm of scintillator– Muon charge separation studies– Hadronic shower resolution studies
up to 20 GeV. – Magnetisation: 1-2 T– Total size prototype: ~2x2x3 m3
– Read out MPPC with T2K electronics
~2000 channels
MIND
Groups that have expressed intererst: Geneva (lead), CERN, Fermilab, Valencia, Sofia, UK (Glasgow, RAL/Oxford, Liverpool, Imperial, Warwick, Brunel), France (LLR Palaiseau, IPN Strasbourg, LAPP Annecy), INR Moscow– TASD prototype: 48-plane unit with
Minerva style scintillator and MPPC (SiPMT) readout: ~ 1m3 detector (~3000 ch.)
– SiPMTs from T2K ND280 can be used including sci-fi connectors
– Large aperture Morpurgo dipole magnet (1.6m diameter)
– Electronics: T2K design– Tests with variable
spacing: 1mm-2cm air between planes (density 100%-40%)
1.56 T
TASD
T2K Electronics
• Used to readout MPPCs in near detectors– INGRID, P0D, ECAL, SMRD
• Key performance– Dual range ADC (effective 12-13 bit, LSB 5*104 e-)– TDC (2.5 nsec)
• Flexible integration/readout cycle– Reset > 100 nsec– Integration < 2 usec
• Triggering– External– Limited “self-triggering” capability
Mar 2011
17
47k50V, 0402
220pF50V0402
330pF100V0603
10pF100V0603
100pF100V0603
51RLV
0603
100nFLV
0402
1kLV, 0402
trip-t
10pF100V, 0603
HVglobal
HVtrim(0-5V)
cal testpulse
coax sheath not DCcoupled to GND
SiPM
47k50V, 0402
HVGlobal common to all Individual adjustment via HVtrim
significant no. of passives/channel – need careful, high
density layout
PD TFB Connection
Signal splitting to increase dynamic range
Pictures
• Frontend board: TFB– 64 ch
• Backend board: RMM– 48 TFBs
Mar 2011
19
Spill Structure
• 8 (15) batches• Separated by 540 (241) nsec• charge integrated in batches
Bunch Structure
Spill Structure
58ns 58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
58ns
540ns
540ns
58ns
2-3.53s
4.2µs 4.2µs 4.2µs
integration
resetTime Structure
2-3.53s
System LayoutMar 2011
Plans to modify H8 beamline for low energy applications, including neutrino R&D test beams as part of AIDA
Aim to build TASD and MIND prototypes and test muon and electron charge identification.
These detectors remain in test beam as part of the facility for other users
Other users will be able to request time on beam through trans-national access AIDA package: access to travel funds and support to carry out test beams using this infrastructure for other detector R&D.
Summary
Mar 2011
22