ANTIBIOTICS AND VACCINES
BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
ANTIBIOTICS substances that kills or weaken micro-
organisms natural – produced by bacteria or fungi synthetic – manufactured by humans
used in nature by bacteria and fungi to kill other micro-organisms they compete with for resources
used by humans to kill bacteria that cause infection and disease
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iE-JbtxB6w
PENICILLIN very commonly used antibiotic produced by moulds refined by humans kills by weakening cell walls of bacteria
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOph1n1Mdls
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE occurs when a population
of bacteria can no longer be killed by an antibiotic
occurs overtime when antibiotics cannot kill all bacteria in a population
resistant bacteria continue to divide and make up more of the population
bacteria population evolve to be unaffected by the antibiotic
PREVENTING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE following prescription given by the doctor only using antibiotics when necessary reducing the use of “anti-bacterial” products
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiMrcOc3HBM
VIRAL INFECTIONS
VACCINES substances that contain weakened forms or
parts of a dangerous virus do not cause viral diseases used by humans to cause immune system to
create antibodies that will kill dangerous viruses when exposed to active viruses
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abBpWqFV7kw
USES OF VIRUSES creating
vaccines delivering drugs
to target cells gene therapy
inserting a missing gene into a person’s DNA
creating genetically modified organisms
VIRONS AND PRIONS viron
small pieces of RNA that do not have a capsid infect many plant species
prion abnormally shaped proteins attack brain and nervous tissue