ANTIBIOTICS AND VACCINES

BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

ANTIBIOTICS substances that kills or weaken micro-

organisms natural – produced by bacteria or fungi synthetic – manufactured by humans

used in nature by bacteria and fungi to kill other micro-organisms they compete with for resources

used by humans to kill bacteria that cause infection and disease

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iE-JbtxB6w

PENICILLIN very commonly used antibiotic produced by moulds refined by humans kills by weakening cell walls of bacteria

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOph1n1Mdls

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE occurs when a population

of bacteria can no longer be killed by an antibiotic

occurs overtime when antibiotics cannot kill all bacteria in a population

resistant bacteria continue to divide and make up more of the population

bacteria population evolve to be unaffected by the antibiotic

PREVENTING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE following prescription given by the doctor only using antibiotics when necessary reducing the use of “anti-bacterial” products

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiMrcOc3HBM

VIRAL INFECTIONS

VACCINES substances that contain weakened forms or

parts of a dangerous virus do not cause viral diseases used by humans to cause immune system to

create antibodies that will kill dangerous viruses when exposed to active viruses

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abBpWqFV7kw

USES OF VIRUSES creating

vaccines delivering drugs

to target cells gene therapy

inserting a missing gene into a person’s DNA

creating genetically modified organisms

VIRONS AND PRIONS viron

small pieces of RNA that do not have a capsid infect many plant species

prion abnormally shaped proteins attack brain and nervous tissue