A Brief Introduction
For
Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
Integrated Techniques
Z component processingStaticsPre-stack noise attenuationSurface consistent processingVelocity analysis, NMO, stackImaging
Z component processingStaticsPre-stack noise attenuationSurface consistent processingVelocity analysis, NMO, stackImaging
X,Y component processingS wave staticsCCP binningP-SV velocity analysisP-SV wave NMOP-SV wave imagingExtraction of attributes
X,Y component processingS wave staticsCCP binningP-SV velocity analysisP-SV wave NMOP-SV wave imagingExtraction of attributes
Since 1983 BGP has experimented and developed multi-component technology. This expertise has evolved into a series of integrated techniques which have been tested and have proved to be reliable suite of exploration and development seismic services.
1. Introduction
before
after
S-wave Statics
Conventional NMO Non-hyperbolic NMOSuper gather
PSV NMO
P-P
PSV
Final processing results
Lithology prediction using Vp/Vs ratio
Gas-bearing sandstone
2. Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
2.1 The Proposed Flow Chart for 2D Seismic Data Processing
2.1.1 P-P Wave Basic Processing Sequence
Demultiplexing
Shot Gathers Display
Geometry Update
Sort to Vertical Component
Edit bad traces/shots, De-spiking
Elevation Static Correction
First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction
Spherical Divergence Correction
Surface consistent amplitude compensation
Surface consistent deconvolution
Sort to CMP gather
First pass velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack
First Pass Surface Consistent Residual Statics Correction
Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Q-filter
Second pass velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack
Second Pass Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction
Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration
NMO Inverse
Third Pass Velocity Analysis
Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration
NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather
NMO, Mute and Stack
F-X deconvolution
Post-stack Deconvolution
Time variant filter
Scaling
Final Result
2.1.2 P-S Wave Basic Processing Sequence
Demultiplexing
Shot Gather and Near Offset Display
Geometry Update
First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction
Sort to Horizontal Component
Construction of a Vp/Vs
Negative offset polarity reversal, reverse trace analysis and correction
Rotation analysis and tests
PS static application
Edit bad traces/shots, de-spiking
FK Filter at Shot/Receiver Domain(Optional)
Spherical Divergence Correct
Surface consistent amplitude compensation
Surface consistent deconvolution
Sort to CCP
CCP velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack
1st Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction
Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Qs-filter
2nd velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack
2nd Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction
Offset separation (positive and negative offsets) prior to PSTM
Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration
NMO Inverse
Third Pass Velocity Analysis
Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration
NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather
NMO, Mute and Stack
F-X deconvolution
Post-stack Deconvolution
Time variant filter
Scaling
Final Result
2.1.3 Optional / additional Processing 1. P-S wave DMO with N offset planes. QC products.
2. Higher order non-hyperbolic NMO corrections. QC products.
3. Trim statics. QC products.
4. FD Migration with PS average velocities (2*VpVs/(Vp+Vs)). QC products.
5. Generation of SPS.
6. Computation of velocities from raw uphole data and building of static model.
Noise attenuation. The contractor is asked to propose available suited techniques
and to provide technical details. COMPANY will choose the method to be applied.
7. Pre-stack Depth Migration
2.2 Key processing techniques for Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing
Automatic Vp/Vs Picker
Co-Sensor Interpolation
Co-Sensor Sum
Common Conversion Point (CCP) Binning
Multi-Component Cross-Equalization
S-Wave 2-Component Rotation
Vp/Vs Computation
Vp/Vs Correlation
Vp/Vs Transform
P-Sv PSTM
P-Sv DMO