A Brief Introduction

For

Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing

Integrated Techniques

Z component processingStaticsPre-stack noise attenuationSurface consistent processingVelocity analysis, NMO, stackImaging

Z component processingStaticsPre-stack noise attenuationSurface consistent processingVelocity analysis, NMO, stackImaging

X,Y component processingS wave staticsCCP binningP-SV velocity analysisP-SV wave NMOP-SV wave imagingExtraction of attributes

X,Y component processingS wave staticsCCP binningP-SV velocity analysisP-SV wave NMOP-SV wave imagingExtraction of attributes

Since 1983 BGP has experimented and developed multi-component technology. This expertise has evolved into a series of integrated techniques which have been tested and have proved to be reliable suite of exploration and development seismic services.

1. Introduction

before

after

S-wave Statics

Conventional NMO Non-hyperbolic NMOSuper gather

PSV NMO

P-P

PSV

Final processing results

Lithology prediction using Vp/Vs ratio

Gas-bearing sandstone

2. Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing

  2.1 The Proposed Flow Chart for 2D Seismic Data Processing  

2.1.1 P-P Wave Basic Processing Sequence 

Demultiplexing

Shot Gathers Display

Geometry Update

Sort to Vertical Component

Edit bad traces/shots, De-spiking

Elevation Static Correction

First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction

 

Spherical Divergence Correction

Surface consistent amplitude compensation

Surface consistent deconvolution

Sort to CMP gather

First pass velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack

First Pass Surface Consistent Residual Statics Correction

Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Q-filter

Second pass velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack

Second Pass Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse

 Third Pass Velocity Analysis

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather

NMO, Mute and Stack

F-X deconvolution

Post-stack Deconvolution

Time variant filter

Scaling

Final Result

2.1.2 P-S Wave Basic Processing Sequence 

Demultiplexing

Shot Gather and Near Offset Display

Geometry Update

First Break Picking, Refraction Static Correction

Sort to Horizontal Component

Construction of a Vp/Vs

Negative offset polarity reversal, reverse trace analysis and correction

Rotation analysis and tests

PS static application

Edit bad traces/shots, de-spiking

 

FK Filter at Shot/Receiver Domain(Optional)

Spherical Divergence Correct

Surface consistent amplitude compensation

Surface consistent deconvolution

Sort to CCP

CCP velocity analysis (every 500 m) and stack

1st Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Predictive Deconvolution or Inverse Qs-filter

2nd velocity analysis (every 250m) and stack

2nd Surface Consistent Residual statics Correction

Offset separation (positive and negative offsets) prior to PSTM

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

 

NMO Inverse

Third Pass Velocity Analysis

Kirchhoff Pre-stack Time Migration

NMO Inverse and SEGY RAW PSTM Gather

NMO, Mute and Stack

F-X deconvolution

Post-stack Deconvolution

Time variant filter

Scaling

Final Result

2.1.3 Optional / additional Processing 1. P-S wave DMO with N offset planes. QC products.

2. Higher order non-hyperbolic NMO corrections. QC products.

3. Trim statics. QC products.

4. FD Migration with PS average velocities (2*VpVs/(Vp+Vs)). QC products.

5. Generation of SPS.

6. Computation of velocities from raw uphole data and building of static model.

Noise attenuation. The contractor is asked to propose available suited techniques

and to provide technical details. COMPANY will choose the method to be applied.

7. Pre-stack Depth Migration

2.2 Key processing techniques for Multi-Component Seismic Data Processing

           Automatic Vp/Vs Picker

           Co-Sensor Interpolation

           Co-Sensor Sum

           Common Conversion Point (CCP) Binning

           Multi-Component Cross-Equalization

           S-Wave 2-Component Rotation

           Vp/Vs Computation

           Vp/Vs Correlation

           Vp/Vs Transform

           P-Sv PSTM

           P-Sv DMO