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Page 1: 4 .2 Climate Change and Energy Management › storage › document › template › 11...4.1.3 Environmental Management Goals 4.2.1 Climate Change Policy 4 .2 Climate Change and Energy

LITE-ONsetnewshort,medium,and long-termenvironmentalmanagementtargetsforuseofenergyandresourcesanddischargeofpollutantsin2018.LITE-ONsubmittedthecarbonreductiontargets fora formalSBTcompliancereviewtodemonstrate itssupportfortheefforttokeepglobaltemperatureincreasebelow2degreesCelsius.Thewastereductiontargetsincludealong-termtargettoreducewasteby3,300tonnesonanabsolutebasisby2025.ItisconsistentwithLITE-ON'scampaignforacirculareconomy.

Latest progress*Goals 2018Result

Carbonreductiontarget

Reducecarbonemissionperunitofrevenueby39.3%by2025comparedtothebaseyear2014

-15.03%

Energyconservationtarget

Reducepowerconsumptionby6%onanabsolutebasisby2020comparedtothebaseyear2017

-8.66%

Wastereductiontarget

Reducewasteby 6%on an absolute basis by 2020comparedtothebaseyear2017;reducewasteby3,300tonnesonanabsolutebasisby2025comparedtothebaseyear2017

-12.54%-3,952tonnes

Waterconservationtarget

Reducewaterconsumptionby6%onanabsolutebasisby2020comparedtothebaseyear2017

-17.54%

Productenergyefficiencytarget

Increaseenergyconversionefficiencyofpowersupplyproducts by 2% by 2023 based on products andtechnologiesdevelopedin2016

+1.19%

Renewableenergies

100%renewableenergyusedinTaiwaneseplants 54.98%

Note:1.GivenownershipofLITE-ON'scameramodulesdepartmentandmobiledevicesdepartmentweretransferredin2018,theenvironmentaldataforthecameramodulesdepartmentareavailableuptotheendofJune2018,andthoseforthemobiledevicesdepartmentareavailableuptotheendofOctober2018.

2.Productenergysavingefficiencymeasuresandpracticesaredisclosedunder3.1.22018GreenDesignsandAchievements

4.1.3EnvironmentalManagementGoals 4.2.1ClimateChangePolicy

4.2 Climate Change and Energy Management

Havingidentifiedclimatechangeasoneofthemajorsustainabilityissuesandkeyrisks,LITE-ONpayscloseattentiontoclimatechangedevelopmentsaroundtheworldandtoreactionstothisphenomenoninothercountries.LITE-ONcontinuestomonitorandanalyzetheissues,andworksonadaptationandmitigationtogreenhousegases.

Forclimatechangemitigation,wecontinueto followtheSBTapproach forcarbonreductionandanalyzeandmanageinternalenergyconsumption.Meanwhile,werelyongreendesign,greenfactory,energymanagement,andhighperformanceenergycreation,conservation,andconversionproductsandsolutionstomeetaggressiveGHGemissionreductiontargetsandchallengesofclimatechange.

Forclimatechangeadaptation,weobservethe2degreesCelsiusscenarioreleasedbytheInternationalEnergyAgency,andidentifypotentialshort-,medium-,andlong-termrisksarisingfromclimatechangebasedoninternationalresearch,industrytrends,andresultsofinternalandexternalstudiesaswellasourowndecisionsandjudgments.WealsofollowtheTaskForceonClimate-RelatedFinancialDisclosures(TCFD)frameworktodiscloseclimatechangeinformationandrelatedrisksandopportunities.Wemakeclimaterelatedfinancialstatementsoneofthemeansofstakeholdercommunication.

4.2.2OverallImpactandChallengesofClimateChangeLITE-ONseesclimatechangeasamajorriskandanimportantopportunity.TheClimateChangeRiskTaskForceisinplacetoidentifyLITE-ON'sexposuretopotentialphysicalrisksandtransformationrisksarisingfromclimatechange.Therisksandopportunitiesidentifiedareanalyzedfurtherintermsofprobabilityandseverity.Thetaskforceassessestheprobabilityandseverityofeachriskandappropriatecountermeasuresbeforeproceedingtoimplementclimatechangeadaptationandmitigationstrategiesandpolicies.

In2018,we identified themajorclimate risksofclimatechange,mainly fromtherequirementsofkeystakeholderssuchasclientsandinvestorstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandcomplywithproductenergyefficiencystandards.Theopportunitiesbroughtaboutbyclimatechangemainlyappearedinourgreenproductsandservicesthatrespondtothetrendofsustainability. Intheclimatechangeriskandopportunitymanagement,wefollowthePDCAcycleonISO14001EnvironmentalManagementSystemtoeachoperationsitesandsetthekeyperformanceindicatorsbasedonunitrevenuetoreducetheenvironmentalimpact.

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4.2 Climate Change and Energy Management

4.2.3ClimateChangeResponseMeasuresIntermsof itsclimatechangeresponsestrategy,LITE-ONtakesintoaccountproducts,equipment,managementandotherfactors,andcontinuestodevelopgreendesign,greenfactory,energymanagement,andhigh-performanceenergycreation,conservation,andconversionproductsandsolutions.Inaddition,LITE-ONfocusesonenergymanagementsystems,renewableenergydevelopment,andinternationalrenewableenergycertificatesaskeystrategies,andmakesplans for internalcarbonpricingtoprovideabasis forinvestmentstrategiesandriskmanagement.Tostartearly inmakingpreparationsforpotentialeffectsofclimatechange,LITE-ONisimplementingthefollowingclimatechangemitigationandadaptationstrategies:

Climate change mitigation strategies:Energy creation◦Developrenewableenergyandincreasetheenergyusefromrenewablesources

Energy conservation◦Optimizeproductionprocessesandimproveplantoperationstoeffectivelyachieve

energyandwaterconservation,wastereduction,andairpollutionprevention◦Devoteeffortstominimizingtheimpactofproductpackagingandbusinessactivitieson

theenvironment◦Improveenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionperformanceatallplants

Energy conversion◦mplementgreendesignto improveenergyefficiency forproductsandreducethe

impactofproductuseontheenvironment◦Continuetoencouragesupplierstoexploreinnovativemeansofoperationthathave

lessimpactontheenvironment

Renewable energy developmentLITE-ONsupportsthedevelopmentofrenewableenergies. Inadditiontopurchasingrooftopsolarpowersystemsandinternationalgreenpowercertificatesforraisingthevolumeandpercentageofrenewableenergiesconsumptioneveryyear,thiscompanyisseekingsuitablerenewableenergysuppliersforpowerpurchaseagreementsorcharityforgreenpowertoachievelowcarbonmanufacturing.In2018,LITE-ONconsumed1,447MWhofsolarpowerthat itgenerated,andpurchasedinternationalrenewableenergycertificatesfor19,000MWh.Totalrenewableenergyconsumptionreached20,447MWh,whichwas5.05%ofLITE-ON'stotalpowerconsumption.

Year 2015 2016 2017 2018Renewableenergyconsumption(mwh)

6,684 14934 16030 20447

Renewableenergypercentage

1.57% 3.38% 3.61% 5.05%

Energy management strategyLITE-ONcontinuesto implementenergymanagementsystem,andhasobtainedISO50001:2011certificationinfiveoperationsitessuchasHsinchuScienceParkPlant,LITE-ON(Guangzhou).LITE-ON(Dongguan)hasreceivedLevelAcertificationforenergymanagementinDongguan,whichenablesittomonitorconstantlyenergyconsumptioninplantsandoffices.Theobjectivesaretoidentifypotentiallyfeasibleoptimization,toimproveenergyefficiency,toreduceconsumptionofnaturalgas,oil,andpurchasedelectricity,andtosupportthecampaignforautomatedenergysavingtechnologiesandcleanenergyinnovations.

Production process optimization and plant operation improvementLITE-ONplantshaveproposedenergysavingandimprovementplansfocusingonfourareas.Theareasareairconditioningimprovement,productionlineimprovement,lightingimprovement,andpowersystemimprovement.Theemphasisisonbetterefficiencyandinvestment.In2018,LITE-ONplantsimplemented83energysavingprojects,andsavedpowerconsumptionby14,279,407kWh.Inparticular,airconditioningandproductionlineimprovementshowedexcellentresults.Forairconditioningimprovement,maintenanceofair conditioningpipework, improvementofcooling towerdesign,modificationofcompressorscheduling,andchange toelectricalheatingcontributed toenergyconservationandpollutionreduction.Newmagneticlevitationchillerscontinuetobeinstalledandcompressormodulesupgradedalongtheproductionlines.Furthermore,themachinesarescheduledtooperateinawaythatleadstofewermodulesonstandby.Regarding lighting,LITE-ONreplacestraditional fluorescenttubeswithLEDtubestosignificantly reduceenergyconsumptionwhile increasingtheuseful life.Forpowersystems,transformersareadjustedtoreducewaste.

Climate change adaptation strategies•Developandexpandtherangeoflowcarbonproductsandservices•Developingautomatedenergysavingtechnologiesandcleanenergyinnovations•Identificationandfinancializationofclimatechangerisksandopportunities

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4.2.4.1GreenhouseGasInventoryLITE-ONcontinuestoworkontransformationandupgradeoflowcarbonproductsandimprovementofrenewableenergyutilizationinordertofulfillthepromiseofgreenhousegas reduction.LITE-ONhasbeenpassing thirdparty (SGSTaiwanLtd)certificationstandardsandperformingongreenhousegasemissionverification(reasonable levelofassurance)since2007inaccordancewiththecarbonmanagementstrategy.In2018,LITE-ON'sScope1andScope2GHGemissionswere322,293tonnes.TheCO2emissionreductionwas50,152tonnesCO2e(13.47%)comparedto2017or79,091tonnesCO2e(19.70%)comparedto2014(baseyear).Thecarbonintensitywas1.69tonnesCO2e/NTDmillion,15.03%lowerthanin2014.

2018 LITE-ON Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories

4.2.4GreenhouseGasMitigation

Greenhousegasemissionsandintensity2014-2018

Developing and expanding the range of low carbon products and servicesTocounterthethreatofclimatechange,LITE-ONdevotesitselftodevelopinglowcarbonproductsandservicesandrelatedinnovations.Byreducingenergyconsumptionandcuttingwaste,LITE-ONenables itselfanditscustomerstomakemoreefficientuseofenergyresources,therebyachievinghigherenergyconversionefficiency,reducedmaterialuseandweightforproducts,andreducedwaste.Forexample,theenergysavingchip,oneoftheresultsfromthisR&Dprocess,whencomparedtoproductsinthepast,hasachieved(1)38.1%weightreductionperunitor81tonnesintotaland(2)34.4%reductionintheuseofnon-recyclableheatsinkpaste.Bothcontributetoalowerenvironmentalimpact.

Developing automated energy saving technologies and clean energy innovationsLITE-ON reconstructs qualitymanufacturing through automation and digitaltransformation. In2015, thecompanywas the firstmanufacturer in thecountry tointroducethefirstunmannedLEDlightingproductionline.In2017,itstartedimplementingbigdataandIoTremotemonitoring,andinstalledalargenumberofsmartmanufacturingsystems.Theshifttowardtheuseoffamilymaterials, familymolds,andfamily jigs inproductionalsohelptoreducetheenergyandresourceinputperunitproduct.In2018,LITE-ONSmartLifeandApplicationsDivisionhasinstalledpartofasmartproductionlinetoprovidelinesharinginasmallvolumeandachievetheobjectiveoffastlinechangingfor fastproduction.Mobilephonechargersalsobenefited fromthe introductionofsmartmanufacturing. Itdoublesthehourlyproductioncapacity,andreducespowerconsumptionperunitproductby6%to8%.

Identification and financialization of climate change risks and opportunitiesWemakeacommitmenttofollowtheTCFDframeworktodiscloseclimatechangeinformationandrelatedrisksandopportunities.TheClimateChangeRiskTaskForcehasbeenputinplacein2018.It ischargedwithidentifyingLITE-ON'sexposuretopotentialphysicalrisksandtransformationrisksarisingfromclimatechangeandassessingthefinancialimpactoflikelyclimaterelatedrisksandopportunities.Furthermore,LITE-ONcontinuestofollowinternationalcarbontradingissues.Thecompanyhasalsostartedformulatinginternalcarbonpricingplansforitsownsciencebasedtargetstointernalizecostsofcarbonemission.Itadoptstheshadowcarbonpricingmethodology,andtakesintoaccountthecarbontradingregulationsinTaiwanandthepricesinMainlandChinatodeterminecarbonpricesformainoperationsitesinTaiwanandMainlandChina.TheconceptoftotalemissioncontrolwillbeappliedinthefuturetosetreductiontargetsforindividualbusinessunitsaspartofLITE-ON'sefforttostartearlyinanticipationofchangesintheenergymarketafternewcarbonreductionandcarbontradingregulationsandinmitigationofbusinessrisks.

2014(base year)

2015

1.98 1.97 1.94

1.69

1.81

401,384381,877 383,005

372,445

322,293

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

550,000

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2016 2017

Tonn

es C

O2e

Tonn

es C

O2e/

NTD

mill

ion

2018

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2014(baseyear) 2015 2016 2017 2018

Greenhousegasemission(Scope1),TonsofCO2e*1 15,925 17,206 19,493 17,756 12,933

Greenhousegasemission(Scope2),TonsofCO2e*2 385,459 364,671 363,512 354,689 309,360

GreenhousegasemissionintensitytonnesCO2e/NTDmillion

1.98 1.97 1.81 1.94 1.69

VolumeofScope1andScope2emissions-bygastype*3

CO2:392,139CH4:7,740N2O:61HFCs:1,471

CO2:371,025CH4:7,047N2O:60HFCs:3,745

CO2:369,219CH4:8,048N2O:55HFCs:5,684

CO2:359,944CH4:8,421N2O:38HFCs:4,034

CO2:313,363CH4:7,261N2O:7.3HFCs:1,661

PercentageofScope1andScope2emissions-bygastype

CO2:97.69%CH4:1.93%N2O:0.02%HFCs:0.37%

CO2:97.43%CH4:1.70%N2O:0.01%HFCs:0.86%

CO2:96.40%CH4:2.10%N2O:0.01%HFCs:1.48%

CO2:96.64%CH4:2.26%N2O:0.01%HFCs:1.08%

CO2:97.23%CH4:2.25%N2O:0.002%HFCs:0.52%

Biomassemissions(Scope1),TonsofCO2e 745 532 280 0 0

Standardsandmethodology ISO14064-1 ISO14064-1 ISO14064-1 ISO14064-1 ISO14064-1

Sourceofemissioncoefficient IPCC2006 IPCC2006 IPCC2006 IPCC2006 IPCC2006

Operational/financialcontrol(Scope1andScope2)

Operationalcontrol Operationalcontrol Operationalcontrol Operationalcontrol Operationalcontrol

*1Directgreenhousegasemissions(Scope1):fuelcombustioninfixedequipment,productionactivities,fuelcombustionintransportationequipment,anddiffusion(e.g.fireextinguishersandrefrigerants).*2Directgreenhousegasemissionsfromenergyuse(Scope2):purchasedelectricityandsteam.*3TheemissionsofPerfluorocarbons(PFCs),Sulfurhexafluoride(SF6),Nitrogentrifluoride(NF3)are0

Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2014-2018

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4.2.4.2GreenhouseGasReductionMeasures(GHGScopes1and2)LITE-ONcontinuestoworkonimprovingtheefficiencyofenergysavingandbusinessequipmentinplantsandoffices.LITE-ONfocuseditseffortsonupgradingandimprovingmanagementof the lightingsystemsattheplants; improvingproductionprocesses;upgradingairconditioningunits;andimprovingmanagementsystemsandotherenergysavingmeasuresin2018.ThetotalGHGemissionreductionwas11,914tonnesCO2e.Theenergyandcarbonsavingmeasuresatindividualplantsandofficesareasfollows:

Site CarbonreductionmeasuresReduction(Tonnes)

Taiwan -Upgradeandimprovementoflightingsystems-Improvementofmanagementsystems-Improvementofproductionprocesses-Improvementofproductionequipment

496

MainlandChina

NorthernMainlandChina

-Upgradeandimprovementoflightingsystems-Creationofamanagementteam-Improvementofairconditioningperformance-Switchtoinvertercompressors

1,637

EasternMainlandChina

-Replacementofolderequipmenttoincreasecombustionefficiency-Improvementofmanagementsystems-Upgradeandimprovementoflightingsystems-Equipmentschedulingmodification

1,216

SouthernMainlandChina

-Upgradeandimprovementoflightingsystems-Improvementofmanagementsystems-Improvementofproductionequipment-ReplacementofA/Cunits

7,943

Thailand -Improvementofmanagementsystems-Improvementofproductionequipment-ReplacementofA/Cunits

623

Total 11,914

4.2.4.3GreenhouseGasValueChainInventory (GHGScope3)TomaximizethevalueoftheLITE-ONvaluechainandtoidentifykeyfactorsinslowingdownclimatechange,LITE-ONtakes inventoriesofemissionsfromitsownbusinessactivitiesaswellasthosefromitsentireGHGvaluechain.LITE-ONadoptedtheGHGProtocolEvaluatorTooltoidentifyScope3emissionsin2017.ThecompanyalsofollowedtheGHGProtocolScope3Standardtoestablishrelatedinventorymethodologies.GHGemissionswerequantifiedbycategoryin2018.Theplanwastoidentifyemissionhotspotsinthevaluechain,setreductiontargets,andstartimplementingreductionmeasures.

Regardingtheuseofproductssold fromEmissionSourceCategory11onthevaluechain,forexample,LITE-ONsetthetargettobea2%improvementofenergyconversion

efficiency forpowersupplyproductsby2023with theproductsand technologiesdevelopedin2016asthebaseline.Throughgreendesign,LITE-ONworkedwithupstreamICsupplierstodevelopanewgenerationofsynchronousrectification ICs forhigherefficientpowerconversion.Thecompanyachieveda1.19%improvementinconversionefficiencyand108,577TonnesCO2einemissionreductionin2018.Scope3Categories Category

Sourceidentification Scopeofverification

Emission(TonnesCO2e)

01 PurchasedGoodsandServices

○ EmissionsfromtheproductspurchasedbyLITE-ONPowerConversionSBGandMechanicalCompetenceSBG,ImageBU.

11,203,774

02 CapitalGoods ○ EmissionsfromthecomputerrelatedofficeequipmentpurchasedbyLITE-ONGlobalHeadquarter(Neihu).

8

03 Fuel-andEnergy-RelatedActivitiesNotIncludedinScope1orScope2

○ Emissionsrelatedtotheproductionoffuelsandenergypurchasedandconsumedbymajoroperations'contractors.

4,855

04 UpstreamTransportationandDistribution

○ UpstreamtransportationanddistributionofproductspurchasedbyMechanicalCompetenceSBG,EnclosureBU,GuangZhouplant.

1,250

05 WasteGeneratedinOperations

○ Emissionsatmajoroperationsfromthird-partydisposalandtreatmentofwastegenerated.

10,307

06 BusinessTravel ○ EmissionsatTaiwan'soperationsfromthetransportationofemployeesforbusinessrelatedactivitiesinaircraft

4,111

07 EmployeeCommuting ○ Emissionsatmajoroperationsfromthetransportationofemployeesbetweentheirhomesandworksites.

3,666

08 Upstreamleasedassets

-

09 DownstreamTransportationandDistribution

○ DownstreamtransportationanddistributionofsoldproductsbyMechanicalCompetenceSBG,EnclosureBU,GuangZhouplant.

44,762

10 ProcessingofSoldProducts

○ EmissionsfromelectricityconsumptionatPower_LSE(HuiZhou)fromprocessingofsoldintermediateproductsbythirdparties

102

11 UseofSoldProducts ○ Emissionsfromtheuseofserverpowersandlaptoppowerssold

9,015,532

12 End-of-LifeTreatment

ofSoldProducts

○ Emissionsfromthewastedisposalandtreatmentofserverpowers,desktoppowers,notebookadaptorsandphonechargerssold

342,640

13 DownstreamLeased

Assets

○ EmissionsfromelectricityconsumptionatLITE-ONGlobalHeadquarter(Neihu)fromtenants

1,183

14 Franchises -15 Investments ○ Emissionsfromsubsidiarieswhicharenot

includingintheoperationalcontrolscope3,627

Total ○ 20,635,817

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1.DirectenergyLITE-ONconsumed63,228GJinfossilfuelsin2018.Itwasa19.72%reductioncomparedto2017.Theconsumptionintensitywas0.33GJ/NTDmillion,19.35%lowerthanin2017.

Belowaredetailsregardingthecompany'suseoffossilfuel:•287.6kilolitersofdieselwereusedin2018,whichwas20.1%lessthanin2017.•415.4kilolitersofgasolinewereusedin2018,whichwas27.3%lesserthanin2017.•806.5cubicmetersofnaturalgaswereusedin2018,whichwas9.9%lessthanin2017.•220.6tonnesofLPGwereusedin2018,whichwas29.9%lessthanin2017.•76.8tonnesofalcoholliquidswereusedin2018,whichwas11.3%lessthanin2017.

2.IndirectenergyLITE-ON's indirectenergy includespurchasedelectricityandsteam.Theelectricityconsumptionwas405,249MWhor1,458,896GJin2018.Itwas18,885MWhor67,986GJor4.45%lessthaninthe2017consumptionandtheelectricity intensityfellby4.01%.Comparedtotheyearof2014(baseyear),theelectricityconsumptionwas8.69%lowerandtheelectricityintensityfellby3.37%.Thesteamconsumptionis3,656MWhor13,162GJ,whichis515MWhor1,858GJor12.37%lowerthaninthe2017consumption.

3.TotalenergyconsumptionLITE-ONconsumedatotalof1,535,286GJinenergyin2018.Itwas90,136GJlowerthanin2017.Theconsumptionintensitywas8.03GJ/NTDmillion,5.11%lowerthanin2017or5.46%lowerthanin2014(baseyear).

4.2.4.4DirectandIndirectEnergyConsumptionFossilfuelconsumptionandintensity2014-2018

PowerConsumptionandIntensity2014-2018

Energyconsumptionandintensity2014-2018Indirect energy

0

50,000

100,000

0.52 0.50

0.42 0.41

0.33150,000

200,000

250,000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,000,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2,000,000

2,200,000

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6

7

8

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8

9GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,718,616 1,631,248 1,624,528 1,625,423 1,535,286

3,750,000

0

750,000

1,500,000

GJ

2,250,000

3,000,000

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

Diesel Gasoline

Direct energy

SteamElectricity

Natural gas LPG IntensityAlcohol

liquids

Intensity

Intensity

7.90 7.817.19

7.957.63

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

1,612,8521,533,449 1,535,714 1,541,902

1,472,058

8.50 8.42

7.68

8.468.03

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Indirect energy

0

50,000

100,000

0.52 0.50

0.42 0.41

0.33150,000

200,000

250,000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,000,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2,000,000

2,200,000

4

5

6

7

8

9

4

5

6

7

8

9GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,718,616 1,631,248 1,624,528 1,625,423 1,535,286

3,750,000

0

750,000

1,500,000

GJ

2,250,000

3,000,000

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

Diesel Gasoline

Direct energy

SteamElectricity

Natural gas LPG IntensityAlcohol

liquids

Intensity

Intensity

7.90 7.817.19

7.957.63

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

1,612,8521,533,449 1,535,714 1,541,902

1,472,058

8.50 8.42

7.68

8.468.03

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Indirect energy

0

50,000

100,000

0.52 0.50

0.42 0.41

0.33150,000

200,000

250,000

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,000,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2,000,000

2,200,000

4

5

6

7

8

9

4

5

6

7

8

9GJ

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

1,718,616 1,631,248 1,624,528 1,625,423 1,535,286

3,750,000

0

750,000

1,500,000

GJ

2,250,000

3,000,000

GJ/N

TD m

illio

n

Diesel Gasoline

Direct energy

SteamElectricity

Natural gas LPG IntensityAlcohol

liquids

Intensity

Intensity

7.90 7.817.19

7.957.63

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

1,612,8521,533,449 1,535,714 1,541,902

1,472,058

8.50 8.42

7.68

8.468.03

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

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