1© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialSession NumberPresentation_ID
Next Generation Network ArchitecturesSummary
John Scudder
David Ward
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Goal for NGNA Session
The network of 10 years from now won’t be the network of today. Our goal for this session is to consider some ideas which may influence what the Internet of the future will be.
These ideas include network testbeds, new architectural proposals both incremental and radical, and improvements to existing routing protocols.
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Wrap-up
Areas of interest from Cisco
Input from researchers to Cisco
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Problems Cisco would like to see addressed
• FRR - can classes of service have different repair domains, is hierarchical recovery possible
Unicast
Multicast
MPLS - LDP
• Convergence - what is really seen on the internet, what is impact on traffic matrix
Interdomain
Current route flap analysis does not show us the rate at which the internet converges or what causes impact
Intradomain
Ways to improve leaking across summarization boundaries
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Problems Cisco would like to see addressed .2
• Addressing schemes
Locator vs identity for mobility and V6
• Integration of routing and services
Content/application server requiring topology awareness
for client or domain forwarding
• Link routing and topology utilization information
Experience w/ metric manipulation (dead end)
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Problems Cisco would like to see addressed .3
• Utility of flow based routing
Need quantitative analysis that flow routing gives different routing and service treatment results than per packet
• Analysis of optimized exit routing
Does it solve congestion problems? Does it look at correct parameters?
• Security
Full attack tree of protocols and routers
What in routing system needs to be secured? Announcements
Src checks at borders for DDOS in interdomain system
Multicast join security, faster channel-change
Infrastructure based routing security with acceptable cost/benefit tradeoff
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Problems Cisco would like to see addressed .4
• High availability
Analysis of SSO techniques and failure modes
What is actual recovery time of forwarding plane (given meshiness of internet) that is visible?
Analysis of network design and # of 9’s
topology, traffic matrix, service class - uni & multicast
• Traffic oscillation
Do we have other fundamental problems w/ protocols
Interdomain convergence causing oscillation
• Assumptions of Hot-potato routing completely wrong?
Given what we have discussed is a better technique to keep packets within a domain as long as possible for guarantees?
• Interdomain service signaling
Across borders or end to end?
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Problems Cisco would like to see addressed .5
• Ops
Can we infer routing policies of peers?
Can we infer traffic pattern from routing policy modeling?
Cognitive issues in policy languages
Event logs and programmable events?
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What do you want from Cisco?
• What new data can we generate that you don’t have that would get us results
• What new protocol extensions would allow you to tap protocols and/or observe impact of policy?
• How can we organize ourselves?
What does the academic/research community need/want in Cisco routers/software?
Do you want to go individual per proposal or as a community?
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Opportunities
• Future routers will have
More memory
More CPU (cores, GHz, etc)
Line-rate tunneling
Hooks into higher layers
And the kitchen sink
• What can this enable?
• What do you want added?
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