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© 2008 Government of Singapore
Programme Based Engagement(ProBE) 2008 on
Flammable & HazardousSubstances
Thomas TeoThomas Teo
Manager,Manager, ProgrammeProgramme Management UnitManagement Unit
Occupational Safety & Health DivisionOccupational Safety & Health Division
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Brief IntroductionBrief Introduction
onon ProBEProBE
Thrust 1Thrust 1Focusing where it mattersFocusing where it matters
Thrust 2Thrust 2Engaging stakeholders throughEngaging stakeholders through
partnership and working wellpartnership and working well
togethertogether
Thrust 3Thrust 3Applying MultiApplying Multi--dimensionaldimensional
approach towards raising safetyapproach towards raising safetystandardsstandards
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
BackgroundBackground
• Flammable & Hazardous Substances (FHS) isone of the leading accident agency ofworkplace fatalities. 9 fatalities last year.
• Catastrophic consequences – Accidentsinvolving FHS often result in multiple victims.
Flammable & Flammable &
Hazardous SubstancesHazardous Substances
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
National WSH Statistics 2007National WSH Statistics 2007
Breakdown of Workplace Fatalities in 2007Breakdown of Workplace Fatalities in 2007
Top 3 Accident TypesTop 3 Accident Types
Fire &Explosion/Exposureto HarmfulSubstances
Falls FromHeight(FFH)
Struck byFallingObject
Top 3 Accident AgenciesTop 3 Accident Agencies
21
14
11
WorkingEnvironment
Materials &Substances
Lifting
Equipment
(86% dueto FFH)
9 contributed by 9 contributed by
Flammable Flammable
Hazardous Hazardous
Substances (14% Substances (14%
of all Workplace of all Workplace
Fatalities) Fatalities)
23
12
9
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Continuing TrendContinuing Trend
20042004 20052005 20062006 20072007
8899 99
11
Trend showing Workplace Fatalities involving FHSTrend showing Workplace Fatalities involving FHSfrom 2004 to 2007from 2004 to 2007
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
In 2008In 2008
8 June 2008Fire at Kreuz Shipbuilding &Engrg PteLtd3 Fatalities
17 June 2008Unintended release ofCO
2gas at Drydocks
World-Singapore Pte Ltd2 Fatalities
25 June 2008Flash fire at DrydocksWorld-Singapore Pte Ltd1 injured
2 April 2008Fire at Kreuz Shipbuilding& Engrg Pte Ltd6 Injured
A chain of events leading toA chain of events leading to islandwideislandwide
enforcement exercise on shipyardsenforcement exercise on shipyards……
June – July 2008Islandwide EnforcementExercise
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Overseas WSH TrendsOverseas WSH Trends
Combustible Dusts ExplosionsCombustible Dusts Explosions – – United StatesUnited States
In US on February 7 2008, an
explosion in a sugar company
killed 13 workers. Accumulatedsugar in packaging plant fueled
the explosion.
The incident is not isolated. In US
from 1980 to 2005, there were
281 similar incidents of a majornature, with 119 fatalities, 718
injuries.*
Combustible dusts – finely divided solid material that can be fuel, e.g.food, wood, metal, plastic, chemical products, pharmaceutical products.
In Singapore, similar accidents have happened.
*Source: US CSB
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Burn victimsBurn victims
VictimVictim’’s life will never be the sames life will never be the same
RepercussionsRepercussions on victim and his family ason victim and his family as
they have to adapt to loss of victim orthey have to adapt to loss of victim or
victimvictim’’s injuries.s injuries.
TraumaTrauma to witnesses and fellowto witnesses and fellowemployeesemployees
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FHSFHS
A bad safety and healthA bad safety and health
record affects profitrecord affects profit
PenaltiesPenalties under the WSH Act amounts upunder the WSH Act amounts up
toto $500,000$500,000 for companies andfor companies and $200,000$200,000
for individualsfor individuals
Dent to performance recordDent to performance record
PotentialPotential loss of contractsloss of contracts as deliveriesas deliveries
cannot be metcannot be met
Damage to propertyDamage to property resulting inresulting in losseslosses totofactory productivity and value, andfactory productivity and value, and
incurring an increase of insuranceincurring an increase of insurance
premiumspremiums
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
ProBEProBEThe ProcessThe Process
Phase 1Phase 1
IntelIntelPhasePhase
Phase 2Phase 2IndustryIndustry
EngagementEngagementPhasePhase
Phase 3Phase 3OperationsOperations
PhasePhase
Phase 4Phase 4MonitoringMonitoring
PhasePhase
Phase 5Phase 5CommsCommsPhasePhase
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
ProBEProBE on FHSon FHS
What can you do?What can you do?
LegislationLegislation♦♦ WSH ActWSH Act♦♦ WSH (RM)WSH (RM) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (GP)WSH (GP) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (IR)WSH (IR) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (SSR)WSH (SSR) RegsRegs
Resource MaterialsResource Materials♦♦ Technical Advisory onTechnical Advisory onFlammable Hazardous SubstancesFlammable Hazardous Substances♦♦ Technical Advisory on ConfinedTechnical Advisory on ConfinedSpaceSpace♦♦ Compliance Assistance ChecklistCompliance Assistance Checklist♦♦ Posters on FHSPosters on FHS
Guidelines and Codes ofGuidelines and Codes ofPracticePractice♦♦ MOM Risk Assessment GuidelinesMOM Risk Assessment Guidelines♦♦ SS 510 CP on safety in weldingSS 510 CP on safety in weldingand cuttingand cutting♦♦ SS532 CP on storage ofSS532 CP on storage offlammable liquidsflammable liquids♦♦ CP 55 CP for use andCP 55 CP for use andmaintenance of portable firemaintenance of portable fireextinguishersextinguishers♦♦CP 84 CP for Entry into and SafeCP 84 CP for Entry into and SafeWorking in Confined SpaceWorking in Confined Space
Competency BuildingCompetency Building♦♦ Workshop for CEO / TopWorkshop for CEO / TopManagementManagement♦♦ Management of HazardousManagement of HazardousSubstancesSubstances♦♦Confined Space Safety AssessorConfined Space Safety Assessor
CourseCourse♦♦Manhole Safety Assessor CourseManhole Safety Assessor Course♦♦Safety Instruction Course (Manhole)Safety Instruction Course (Manhole)for Supervisorsfor Supervisors♦♦Oil/Petrochemical Industry SafetyOil/Petrochemical Industry SafetyCourse for SupervisorsCourse for Supervisors
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Legal RequirementsLegal Requirements
Flammable & Hazardous SubstancesFlammable & Hazardous Substances
• WSH (Risk Management) Regulations
– Duty of employer/principal toconduct and reviewrisk assessment
• WSH (Incident Reporting) Regulations
– Duty of occupier to notifyCommissioner of dangerousoccurrence
– Explosion or fire damage causingsuspension of ordinary work
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Legal RequirementsLegal RequirementsFlammable & Hazardous SubstancesFlammable & Hazardous Substances
• WSH (General Provisions) Regulations – Risk Control Measures taken to
prevent fires/explosions [R26(1)-(4)]• Enclosure• Remove/prevent accumulation of flammables• Exclusion/effective enclosure of ignition sources
• Use of flame-proof equipment
– Permit-to-work system for hot works[R26(5), (6), (8)]
• Prior to operation, inspection must be carried outto ensure workplace is free from explosive or
flammable substances, or fumes, or thesubstances are rendered non-explosive and non-flammable
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Legal RequirementsLegal Requirements
Flammable & Hazardous SubstancesFlammable & Hazardous Substances
• WSH (General Provisions) Regulations
– Mitigating Measures [R37 – R38]• Provision and adequacy of means of extinguishing fire and
escape
– Information and Training [R41-43]• Competent person managing FHS
• Adequate warning signs
• Availability of Safety Data Sheets and dissemination ofinformation to all at risk
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Legal RequirementsLegal RequirementsFlammable & Hazardous SubstancesFlammable & Hazardous Substances
• Current possible development of dedicatedWSH (Confined Space) Regulations
• Clearer standards for work in CS
• MOM will work with WSH Council to seekIndustry Consultation
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Recent enforcement findingsRecent enforcement findings
related to FHSrelated to FHS
The following are examples of common nonThe following are examples of common non--
compliances related tocompliances related to Flammable & HazardousFlammable & Hazardous
SubstancesSubstances in 2008, including the recentin 2008, including the recent
enforcement on shipyards:enforcement on shipyards:
Risk Management :
1) Risk Assessment not conducted
2) Risk Assessment do not address fire
or explosion risks
3) Lack of Safe Work Procedures tocontrol the risks for work withflammable & hazardous substances
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Recent enforcement findingsRecent enforcement findings
related to FHSrelated to FHS
Examples of common nonExamples of common non--compliancescompliances
Permit to Work (PTW) for hotwork and confined space :
1) Expired permits beingextended for use
2) No PTW implemented atsome factories for hot work orconfined space
3) The same Personnel signing
on all the stages of the permit
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Recent enforcement findingsRecent enforcement findings
related to FHSrelated to FHS
Hot-Works:
1) Damaged insulation for arcwelding holders while still inuse
2) Smoking near hot-workareas
3) Lack of maintenance onwelding equipment in use
Damaged arcwelding insulators
Cigarette buttsnear cylinders
Examples of common nonExamples of common non--compliancescompliances
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2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Competence is keyCompetence is key
At least 33% of workplace fatalitiesAt least 33% of workplace fatalitiesrelated to FHS* hadrelated to FHS* had lack oflack of
competency as a direct contributingcompetency as a direct contributingfactor.factor. If your staff is exposed to FHS,If your staff is exposed to FHS,
proper training could save yourproper training could save yourworkplace from a disaster.workplace from a disaster.
*Statistics from 2004-2006
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance
• Application of Risk Management to yourworkplace – Lets look at the risks.
• For e.g. to prevent the occurrence of fire, letssee if we can eliminate any of the followingelements
FIREFIRE F U E L
F U E L
I G N I T I O N
I G N I T I O N
S O U R C E
S O U R C E
OXYGENOXYGEN
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FHSFHS
Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance
• Technical Advisory on Confined Spaces andTechnical Advisory on Flammable HazardousSubstances by the WSH Council
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS
Compliance AssistanceCompliance Assistance
• Compliance Assistance Checklist
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What next?What next?
LegislationLegislation♦♦ WSH ActWSH Act♦♦ WSH (RM)WSH (RM) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (GP)WSH (GP) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (IR)WSH (IR) RegsRegs♦♦ WSH (SSR)WSH (SSR) RegsRegs
Resource MaterialsResource Materials♦♦ Technical Advisory onTechnical Advisory onFlammable Hazardous SubstancesFlammable Hazardous Substances♦♦ Technical Advisory on ConfinedTechnical Advisory on ConfinedSpaceSpace♦♦ Compliance Assistance ChecklistCompliance Assistance Checklist♦♦ Posters on FHSPosters on FHS
Guidelines and Codes ofGuidelines and Codes ofPracticePractice♦♦ MOM Risk Assessment GuidelinesMOM Risk Assessment Guidelines♦♦ SS 510 CP on safety in weldingSS 510 CP on safety in weldingand cuttingand cutting♦♦ SS532 CP on storage ofSS532 CP on storage offlammable liquidsflammable liquids♦♦ CP 55 CP for use andCP 55 CP for use andmaintenance of portable firemaintenance of portable fireextinguishersextinguishers♦♦CP 84 CP for Entry into and SafeCP 84 CP for Entry into and SafeWorking in Confined SpaceWorking in Confined Space
Competency BuildingCompetency Building♦♦ Workshop for CEO / TopWorkshop for CEO / TopManagementManagement♦♦ Management of HazardousManagement of HazardousSubstancesSubstances♦♦Confined Space Safety AssessorConfined Space Safety Assessor
CourseCourse♦♦Manhole Safety Assessor CourseManhole Safety Assessor Course♦♦Safety Instruction Course (Manhole)Safety Instruction Course (Manhole)for Supervisorsfor Supervisors♦♦Oil/Petrochemical Industry SafetyOil/Petrochemical Industry SafetyCourse for SupervisorsCourse for Supervisors
2008 Government of Singapore
FHSFHS