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Zone/Room(Level(Control(based(on(Occupancy(Informa:on(for(Energy(
Efficient(Buildings((SubmiBed(to(ACC’12)(
Siddharth(Goyal((Herbert(Ingley,(Prabir(Barooah)(
Mechanical(and(Aerospace(Engineering(University(of(Florida(
Work(supported(by(Na:onal(Science(Founda:on(through(grants(ECCSS0955023(and(CNSS0931885(
Mo:va:on(We#need#efficient#control#algorithms#to#minimize#the##total#energy##consump6on#worldwide#
# # # # # # # #
# # # # ?## # # # # # # #
36#%#
Space#Hea6ng#
Time#(Hr)#
SA#Temp#(F)#
SA#Flow#rate#(cfm)#
Room#Temp#(F)#
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
Room#for#Energy#Saving##S(Heat(up(the(room(only(when(people(are(there(S(Let(the(temperature(float(in(a(comfortable(range(while(minimizing(the(
power(consump:on(
# # # # # # # #
# # # ## # # # # # # #
⇒ Requirement#to#pose#it#as#an#Op6mal#Control#Problem#
# # # # # # # #
# # # ## # # # # # # #
Mo:va:onSCurrent(Prac:ce(1. Two(separate(PID(loops((S(one(for(supply(air(flow(rate((S(one(for(supply(air(temperature(2.(Set(Point(control(3.(No(account(for(people(or((outside(weather.(
# # # # # # # #
# # # ## # # # # # # #
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
SA(flow(rate((and(temp(
Model#Inputs( Outputs(
Room(Temp(Humidity,(Indoor(air(quality((
People,(Outside(Weather(
Controllable((Inputs(
Exogenous(Inputs(
Informa:on(based(Control(
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
Control(Strategy(S(MPC(MPC#
Case#1#(when#occupancy#predic6on#is#known)#
such%that%
during(occupied(:me:(
Occupancy(Predic:on(is(close(to(impossible(
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
Tlow
Troom
Thigh
Wlow
Wroom
Whigh
msupply air
� Knpeople
9=
;Comfort Level Constraints
TSA
low
Tsupply air
TSA
high
0 msupply air
mhigh
�Actuator Constraints
minTsupply air, msupply air
X
Time
Power(time)2
0 5 10 15 200
100
200
300
hour
# of o
ccup
ants
Data(from(Pugh(Hall(at(UF(
Thermal(sensor(coun:ng(
0 5 10 15 200
2
4
6
8
H
# of o
ccupa
ntsData(from(our(lab(
CO2( true(
Video(auto(
CyberSphysic(
Control(Strategy(S(MPC(MPC#
Case#2#(when#occupancy#measurement#is#known)#It(is(assumed(that(occupancy(in(future(is(same(as(the(measured(one(
such%that%
during%occupied%0me:%
during%unoccupied%0me%
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
TSA
low
Tsupply air
TSA
high
0 msupply air
mhigh
�Actuator Constraints
Tlow
Troom
Thigh
Wlow
Wroom
Whigh
msupply air
� Knpeople
9=
;Comfort Level Constraints
�T + Tlow
Troom
Thigh
+�T�W +W
low
Wroom
Whigh
+�Wm
supply air
� mto remove stuffiness
9=
;Comfort Level Constraints
minTsupply air, msupply air
X
Time
Power(time)2
Results(Outputs:#Zone#Temperature#and#Humidity#Ra6o##
Time#(Hr)#Time#(Hr)#
Zone
#Tem
perature#(F)#
Zone
#Hum
idity#Ra
6o#(g/Kg)#
Current#Prac6ce#
Current#Prac6ce#
MPC:Case#2#MPC:#Case#2#MPC:#Case#1#
MPC:#Case#1#
Time#(Hr)#Occup
ancy#
Time#(Hr)#Occup
ancy#
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
( ( ( ( ( Results(
Controller## Energy#Consump6on#(MJ)#
Incremental#Savings#(%)#
Total#Savings# Incremental*#Annual#Savings#
Current(Prac:ce(
1074( S( S( S(
MPC:(Case(2( 552( 49# 42#billion#$# 42#billion#$#
MPC:(Case(1( 355( 37# 61#billion#$# 19#billion#$#
ENERGY#CONSUMPTION#OVER#A#24`HOUR#PERIOD,#AND#INCREMENTAL#ANNUAL#MONEY#SAVINGS#WITH#VARIOUS#CONTROLLERS.#
*newscenter.lbl.gov.(In(US,(energy(consumed(in(buildings(is(worth(350(billion($.(Commercial(buildings(consume(50%(of(it.((Hea:ng(+(Cooling(consume(50%(of(commercial(building(energy(
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
Summary/Future(Work(
QUESTIONS?#
Details:))plaza.ufl.edu/siddgoya)
S #Development#of#Informa6on#Based#Zone#level#Control##########Algorithms#to#Save#Total#Energy#Consump6on#in#a#Building#S #Comparision#of#Energy#Savings#Over#Control#Method#in#Prac6ce#
Future#work#includes:#`#Use#a#beger#op6miza6on#sohware#such#as#IPOPT#instead#of#fmincon##`Implemen6ng#the#control#in#a#real#building#(Pugh#Hall),#and#compare#the#energy#savings.#
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
Results(Inputs:#Supply#Air#Flow#Rate#and#Temperature##
Supp
ly#Air#Flow#Rate#(cfm
)#
Time#(Hr)# Time#(Hr)#Supp
ly#Air#Tem
perature#(F)#
State##of#Art#
State##of#Art#
MPC#+Load#Measurement#
MPC#+Load#Measurement#
MPC#+#Load#Predic6on#
MPC#+#Load#Predic6on#
Only#Load#Measurement#
Only#Load#Measurement#
Time#(Hr)#Occup
ancy#
Time#(Hr)#Occup
ancy#
Brown(Bag(Seminar(at(the(University(of(Florida(Copyright(Siddharth(Goyal(Nov(2011(
