Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only –

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Z240.2.1-__

Structural Technical requirements for

manufactured homes

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only – 2

Z240.2.1-__

Structural Technical requirements for

manufactured homes

1 Scope

1.1 This Standard specifies the minimum requirements for materials, products, equipment, and

quality of workpractice needed to ensure that manufactured homes will provide adequate

(a) structural strength and rigidity, including resistance to vibration and deflection;

(b) protection against corrosion, decay, insects, and other similar destructive forces;

(c) protection against the hazards of fire;

(d) resistance to the elements; and

(e) durability and economy of maintenance.

(d) safety in use;

(e) resistance to unwanted entry;

(f) indoor conditions; and

(g) sanitation.

1.2 In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is

obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a

recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or

that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and “can” is used to express

possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative

requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text

explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table

or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory)

or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

2 Reference publications This Standard refers to the following publications., and where such.Where reference is made to

a standard or the National Building Code, it shall be to the edition and all amendments in force

at the building location at the time of installation or, where such standard or code is not in force,

to the edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.

CSA (Canadian Standards Association)

CAN/CSA-A440-00/A440.1-00 (R2005)

Windows/User selection guide to CSA Standard CAN/CSA-A440-00, Windows

CAN/CSA-B365-01 (R2006)

Installation code for solid-fuel-burning appliances and equipment

B366.2-M1984 (withdrawn)

Space heaters for use with solid fuels

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CAN/CSA-O86-01 Consolidation (R2006)

Engineering design in wood

CAN/CSA-O132.2 Series-90 (withdrawn)

Wood flush doors

O132.5-M1992 (withdrawn)

Stile and rail wood doors

O141-05

Softwood lumber

CAN/CSA-S16-01 Consolidation (R2007)

Limit states design of steel structures

CAN/CSA-S136-01

North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members

S136S1-04

Supplement 2004 to the North American Specification for the design of cold-formed steel

structural members

CAN/CSA-S157-05/S157.1-05

Strength design in aluminum/Commentary on CSA S157-05, Strength design in aluminum

S307-M1980 (withdrawn)

Load test procedure for wood roof trusses for houses and small buildings

Z240.4.1

Installation requirements for gas- and oil-burning appliances in manufactured homes

Z240.10.1-08

Site preparation, foundation, and anchorage of manufactured homes

AAMA/WDMA/CSA (American Architectural Manufacturers Association/Window & Door

Manufacturers Association/Canadian Standards Association)

101/I.S.2/A440-08

Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights

A440S1-09

Canadian supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 NAFS — North American

Standard/ Specification on windows, doors and skylights

CWC (Canadian Wood Council)

Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction (2004)

CGSB (Canadian General Standards Board)

CAN/CGSB 1.501-M89

Method for Permeance of Coated Wallboard

CAN/CGSB 12.1-M90

Tempered or Laminated Safety Glass

CAN/CGSB 51.33-M89

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Vapour Barrier Sheet, Excluding Polyethylene, for Use in Building Construction

CAN/CGSB 51.34-M86

Vapour Barrier, Polyethylene Sheet for Use in Building Construction

CGSB/ANSI/BHMA (Canadian General Standards Board/American National Standards

Institute/Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association)

CAN/CGSB 69.18-M90/ANSI/BHMA A156.1-19812006

Butts and Hinges

CAN/CGSB 82.1-M89

Sliding Doors

National Research Council Canada

National Building Code of Canada, 20052010

NLGA (National Lumber Grades Authority)

Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber (2007)

ULC (Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada)

CAN/ULC-S102-03

Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies

CAN/ULC-S531-02

Standard for Smoke-Alarms

CAN/ULC-S610-M87

Standard for Factory-Built Fireplaces

3 Definitions In addition to the definitions specified in CSA Z240.0.1, the following definitions shall apply in

this Standard:

Architect — a person licensed to practice architectural work in a jurisdiction in Canada.

Certification body — a nationally recognized testing and inspection agency acceptable to the

applicable regulatory authority.

Engineer — a person in the engineering profession who is licensed to practice in a jurisdiction

in Canada.

Habitable room — a room or enclosed floor space arranged for living, eating, food preparation,

or sleeping purposes (not including bathrooms, water closets, compartments, laundries,

pantries, foyers, hallways, and other accessory floor spaces).

Load —

Dead load — the weight of all permanent structural and non-structural components of a

building.

Live load — the load (other than the dead load) to be assumed in the design of the

structural members of a building. It includes loads resulting from snow, rain, wind, and

earthquakes, and from occupancy, including movable partitions.

Wind load — the lateral or vertical pressure or uplift on a mobile housing unit due to wind

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blowing in any direction.

4 General requirements

4.1(4.2) Minimum requirementsCompliance Except as otherwise provided in this standard, manufactured homes shall be designed and

constructed in accordance with the National Building Code of Canada.

Notes:

(1) The provisions in this standard are in addition to or exceptions to the requirements of the National

Building Code of Canada.

(2) Requirements for any size, mass, or quality of material modified by terms such as “minimum”, “not less

than”, and “at least” shall be consideredare minimum standards. The manufacturer or installer may

exceed the minimum standards if such deviation does not result in inferior installation or defeat the

purpose of the National Building Code of Canada or this Standard.

4.2(4.3) Construction methods and quality of workpractice Construction methods and quality of workpractice shall comply with good engineering practices.

Note: The intent is to ensure provide durable, livable, and safe housing.

4.3(4.1) Equivalence

4.3.1 General Unless based on an accepted engineering design for the intended use, new manufactured

Manufactured home materials, equipment, systems, or methods of construction not covered by

the National Building Code of Canada or this Standard shall achieve at least the minimum level

of performance required by this standard and shall

(a) conform to accepted engineering design for the intended use, or

(b) be subjected to tests that simulate conditions that occur during normal use.

4.3.2(5.1.3.2) Test procedures In the absence of standardized test procedures specified in this Standard, a manufacturer

electing to obtain acceptance based on testing as specified in Clause 4.1 shall develop, or have

developed by a third party, test procedures sufficient to demonstrate the structural required

properties and significant characteristics of the material, component, assembly, method of

construction, equipment, or system or method of construction. These procedures shall be

submitted to the certification body for approval and shall, upon notification of approval, be

considered acceptable for their specified purpose and become part of the manufacturer’s

approved design.

4.3.3(5.1.3.3) Independent testing Tests carried out in accordance with Clauses 5.1.3.1 and 5.1.3.2 Clause 4.3.2 shall be

witnessed by an independent licensed engineer or architect or by a recognized testing

organization. Copies of the test results shall be kept on file by the home manufacturer.

4.3.4 Verification An engineer or architect, as appropriate, shall verify that the materials, equipment, systems, or

methods of construction will provide performance equivalent to that required by the this CSA

Z240 MH Series of Standards. Note: Clause Section 2.3, Division C, of the National Building Code of Canada specifies procedures for

verification of equivalency to requirements in the NBC.

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4.2 Minimum requirements The design and construction of a manufactured home shall meet the requirements of this

Standard. Requirements for any size, mass, or quality of material modified by terms such as

“minimum”, “not less than”, and “at least” shall be considered minimum standards. The

manufacturer or installer may exceed the minimum standards if such deviation does not result

in inferior installation or defeat the purpose of this Standard.

5 Materials

5.1(4.4) Lumber

4.4.1 Grading Lumber used in the construction of manufactured homes shall be graded in accordance with

Table 1 (at a minimum) and in accordance with CSA O141.

5.1.1(4.4.2) Remanufactured lumber Lumber remanufactured after original grading and grade marking and intended for structural

use shall be regraded, except when used for wall plates or for blocking. When remanufactured

lumber is too small to be graded under the NLGA’s Standard Grading Rules for Canadian

Lumber, the following requirements shall apply:

(a) the slope of grain shall be limited to the equivalent of construction grade (1:6); and

(b) the limit for defects in the wide face, the narrow face, or the wide and narrow faces

combined shall be one-third of the cross-section of the member (see Figure 1).

4.4.3 Trusses When trusses have been tested in accordance with and meet the requirements specified in

Clause 7, only lumber of a strength and stiffness equivalent to that of the test trusses shall be

used. Equivalence shall be determined in accordance with CAN/CSA-O86.

6(5) Structural design

6.1(5.1) GeneralCompliance

6.1.1(5.1.1) Design and construction A manufactured home shall be designed and constructed as a completely integrated structure

capable of sustaining the design loads required by this Standard, and shall be capable of

transmitting such loads to foundations, including piers, without causing unsafe deformation or

abnormal internal movement of the structure or its structural parts. During transit, the integrated

structure shall be capable of transmitting the specified in-transit loads to the wheel assembly,

which, in turn, shall be designed to transmit these loads safely to the ground. Note: Clause A-9.4.1.1(3), Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada provides information See

also Clause 6.2.1 on structural design for lateral wind and earthquake loads. The Canadian Wood

Council’s Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction provides acceptable engineering solutions

where lateral load design is necessary.

5.1.2 Structural members and their connections When the sizes of and connections for structural members are not specified in this Standard,

the members and their connections shall comply with CAN/CSA-O86, CAN/CSA-S16,

CAN/CSA-S136, CAN/CSA-S157, and the Canadian Wood Council’s Engineering Guide for

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Wood Frame Construction, except that design live loads shall meet the requirements of

Clauses 5.2.1 to 5.2.3 and deflection limits shall meet the requirements of Clause 5.3. Note: The Canadian Wood Council’s Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction provides

acceptable engineering solutions where lateral load design is required.

5.1.3 Equivalency of performance

5.1.3.1 General Unless based on accepted engineering design for the intended use (see Clause 5.1.2), new

manufactured home materials, equipment, systems, or methods of construction not covered by

this Standard shall be subjected to tests that simulate conditions that occur during normal use.

An engineer or architect, as appropriate, shall verify that the materials, equipment, systems,

or methods of construction will provide performance equivalent to that required by the CSA

Z240 MH Series of Standards. Note: Clause 2.3, Division C, of the National Building Code of Canada specifies procedures for verification

of equivalency.

6.2(5.2) Loads Note: See also Clause 5.1.2.

5.2.1 Floor loads Floor loads shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 9.23.4.2, Part 9, Division B, of the

National Building Code of Canada.

5.2.2 Specified snow loads Specified snow loads shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 9.4.2.2, Part 9, Division

B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

6.2.1(5.2.3) Wind loads

6.2.1.1 Wind loads on walls The exterior wall framing shall be designed and constructed to resist a full the greater design

wind load pressure of at least

(a) 0.7 kPa, or

(b) the design hourly wind pressure at the installation site.

6.2.1.1 Wind loads on roofs The roof shall be designed and constructed to resist an the greater uplift wind load pressure of

at least

(a) 0.4 kPa., or

(b) the design hourly wind pressure at the installation site.Note:The lower of the stated load limits

recognize in-transit loads to a certain degree. Care must be taken so that wind speed plus vehicle

speed does not produce loads exceeding the design load.

6.2.1.2 (5.2.4) Component fastening Structural components (roofs, walls, floors, and support frames) shall be securely fastened

together to prevent any adverse effects when subjected to the loads specified in Clauses 5.2.1

to 5.2.3.Clauses 6.2.1.1. and 6.2.1.2.

6.3(5.3) Floor Deflections Note: See also Clause 5.1.2.

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6.3.1(5.3.1) General

5.3.1.1 Structural members The maximum live load deflection of structural members, when based on accepted engineering

design or the load tests described in Clauses 7 and 8, floor joists and floor trusses shall not

exceed the following L/240 (where L is the clear span between supports):).

(a) floor joists and floor trusses: L/240;

(b) roof beam (not supporting plaster or gypsum board): L/240;

(c) roof beam and rafters or trusses (supporting plaster or gypsum board): L/360;

(d) roof rafters or trusses (not supporting plaster or gypsum board and less than 4.3 m in

overall span): L/180; and

(e) roof rafters or trusses (not supporting plaster or gypsum board and exceeding 4.3 m in

overall span): L/240. Notes:

(1) To limit floor deflection and vibration, structural subflooring panels should be applied to the floor

joists with a panel adhesive capable of developing composite action with the joists and should be

secured with mechanical fasteners to allow the bond to develop.

(2) Because no drywall sheathing is installed on the underside of a floor system when the home is

installed over a crawl space, there is no need to be concerned with ceiling cracks and a deflection

limit of L/240 for floor joists of single-storey manufactured homes is appropriate.

5.3.1.2 Subfloor When subjected to the load specified in Clause 5.2.1, the subfloor shall not deflect more than

3 mm between supports.

6.3.2(5.3.2) Cantilever assemblies Note: The NBC provides criteria for cantilevers up to 400 mm.

5.3.2.1 Wood floor joists shall not be cantilevered more than 400 mm in the case of joist sizes up to

38 mm × 184 mm and not more than 600 mm in the case of joist sizes up to 38 mm × 235 mm,

except as specified in Clauses 5.3.2.2 and 5.3.2.3.

6.3.2.1(5.3.2.2) Prescriptive criteria for narrow homes When a manufactured home unit does not exceed 4.3 m in overall width, 38 mm × 184 mm

joists of not less than No. 2 Grade Joists may be cantilevered up to 1165 mm, provided that

(a) the manufactured home unit does not exceed 4.3 m in overall width;

(b) the joists are

(i) not less than 38 mm × 184 mm,

(ii) not less than No. 2 Grade, and

(ii) spaced not more than 400 mm on centre (oc); and

(c) the subfloor is fastened to the joists with a suitable adhesive to provide composite action.

6.3.2.2(5.3.2.3) Performance criteria for longer cantilevers Cantilevered joists may exceed the limits specified in the National Building Code of Canada and

Clause 6.3.2.1Clauses 5.3.2.1 and 5.3.2.2 when it can be demonstrated by calculations or tests

that the cantilevered portion, when subjected to the design roof load transferred through the

side walls, plus 0.5 kPa uniform floor load, will not deflect more than L/240, where L is equal to

twice the cantilever length as measured from the outer edge of the cantilever support.

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6.4(5.4) Anchorage of the home

6.4.1 Application Clause 6.4 applies to manufactured homes installed on surface foundations.

6.4.2(5.4.1) Standard Anchorage requirements shall be determined by calculation as specified in CSA Z240.10.1 and

take into account the site conditions at the installation geographical location of for the

manufactured home.

6.4.3(5.4.2) Attachment Provision shall be made for the attachment of anchorage devices to prevent overturning or

sliding between the frame and support piers, without deforming the structure.

6.4.4(5.4.3) Instructions, fittings and fixtures The manufacturer shall provide printed instructions with every manufactured home specifying

the location and required capacity of anchorage devices. When special fittings or fixtures are

needed to comply with the instructions, they shall also be supplied.

6.5(5.5) Floors framing attachment to building support frame

6.5.1(5.5.1) Modules up to 4.3 m wide For modules up to 4.3 m wide, the floor framing shall be secured to the support frame in

accordance with Table 2Table 1.

6.5.2(5.5.2) Modules more than 4.3 m wide For modules more than 4.3 m wide, floors framing shall be secured to the support frame in

accordance with accepted engineering practice. Note: The Canadian Wood Council’s Engineering Guide for Wood Frame Construction provides

acceptable engineering solutions where lateral load design is required.

6.6(5.6) WallsWall framing

5.6.1 General

5.6.1.1 Load transfer The walls shall be of sufficient strength and rigidity to transfer all lateral and vertical loads to the

supports.

6.6.1(5.6.1.2) Framing constructionStuds When wood frame construction is used for walls, the size and spacing of studs shall be as

specified in Table 3Interior non-loadbearing walls with an unsupported height not exceeding

3.6 m may be framed with 19 x 64 mm studs on the flat at not more than 400 mm o.c.

5.6.2 Framing for openings When wall studs are used, they shall be continuous and doubled on each side of openings

wider than 800 mm so that the inner studs extend from the lintel to the bottom wall plate and the

outer studs extend from the top wall plate to the bottom wall plate, except that single studs may

be used between the top and bottom wall plates for non-load-bearing interior walls.

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5.6.3 Framings over openings

5.6.3.1 Non-load-bearing stud walls Openings in non-load-bearing stud walls shall be bridged with at least 38 mm of material that is

the same width as the studs and securely nailed to adjacent studs.

5.6.3.2 Load-bearing stud walls Where the lintels do not support trusses exceeding a 4.9 m span, openings in load-bearing stud

walls shall be bridged with wood lintels as specified in Table 4. Lintel members shall be

fastened together with at least 82 mm nails in a double row, with the nails not more than

450 mm apart in each row. Other framing designs may be used if they are in accordance with

accepted engineering practice.

6.6.2(5.6.4) Stud wall top plates Load-bearing walls shall have not fewer than two top plates, each not less than 38 mm thick

and the same width as the wall studs, except that a single plate may be used where the

concentrated loads from the roof are not more than 38 mm to one side of the supporting studs,

or where it forms a tie across the lintel. Non-load-bearing walls may have a single top plate of

19 mm thickness.

5.6.5 Stud wall bottom plate A bottom plate shall be provided and be at least 38 mm thick, except that, in non-load-bearing

walls and in load-bearing walls where the studs are located directly over framing members, it

may be 19 mm thick.

6.7(5.7) Nailing of wood framing

5.7.1 Nails shall be long enough to enable at least half their length to penetrate the second member.

Splitting of wood members shall be minimized by staggering the nails in the direction of the

grain and keeping the nails well in from the edges.

5.7.2

Nailing of framing shall meet the requirements of Table 5, except that,

6.7.1(Table 5) Fastening of floor joists to rim joists Floor shall be fastened at each end to rim joists with 4 nails that are not less than 82 mm in

length.

6.7.2(Table 5) Fastening of roof truss to roof side plates Roof trusses shall be fastened at each end to roof side plates with 2 nails or staples that are not

less than 51 mm in length.

6.7.3(Table 5 footnote) Fastening of trusses to walls Where the roof side plate is fastened to the roof truss in accordance with Table 5Clause 6.7.2,

and the bottom chord is designed to be flush to exterior walls, the roof assembly may be

fastened by tying the completed roof assembly to wall framing by 50 mm wide galvanized metal

strips

(a) at least 0.41 mm thick,

(b) spaced not more than 1.2 m apart, and

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(c) fastened at each end with at least two 64 mm nails or equivalent staples.

6.7.4(Table 5) Fastening of belt rails to studs Belt rails shall be fastened at each stud with 2 nails or staples that are not less than 38 mm in

length.

6.7.5(5.8) Adhesives in lieu of nailing used in structural assemblies (5.7.2) Where adhesives are used, fasteners or clamps shall be considered sufficient for

forming a bond.

Note: The National Building Code requires that Adhesives adhesives used in structural

assemblies, e.g., wood trusses or beams, comply with shall meet the adhesive requirements

specified in CAN/CSA-O86. Other adhesives may be used if the connections of the structural

assemblies have been designed or tested to meet the specified loads with mechanical fasteners

only.

5.9 Interior partitions When an interior partition is designed to serve as a secondary structural member, it shall have

structural characteristics adequate for the intended purpose.

5.10 Subflooring Subflooring shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.23.14 of the National Building Code of

Canada. Note: Particleboard decking meeting the requirements of the Class D-2 or D-3 of the U.S. National

Particleboard Association is considered equivalent to the acceptable grades in Canadian Standards.

5.11 Roof sheathing Roof sheathing shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.23.15 of the National Building Code of

Canada.

5.12 Wall sheathing Where wall sheathing is used, it shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.23.16 of the National

Building Code of Canada.

5.13 Wall sheathing membrane Wall sheathing membrane shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.23.17 of the National

Building Code of Canada.

7(6) ConstructionBuilding Envelope

6.1 Roofing

6.1.1 Roofs shall be protected with roofing, including flashing where necessary, installed with

corrosion-resistant fasteners to prevent rain and melting snow from entering the roof.

6.1.2 Roofing shall meet the applicable requirements of Clause 9.26 of the National Building Code of

Canada.

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7.1(6.2, Table 5) Siding Attachment The attachment of siding material near the end of the module facing forward for transport front

of a manufactured home needs toshall take into account the additional wind loads to which the

unit can be subjected during transit.

7.1.1 Metal panel siding Exterior walls shall be protected with siding and flashing in accordance with the applicable requirements of Clause 9.27 of the National Building Code of Canada, except that siding Except

as provided in Clause 7.1.2, Where where metal panel siding is installed, it shall be attached in

accordance with Clause 5.7. with

(a) nails or staples that are

(i) not less than 38 mm in length, and

(ii) 150 mm o.c. at all edges, and

(b) one row of #8 gauge screws 400 mm o.c. at mid-wall height

7.1.2(Table 5 Footnote) Lock-seam metal siding Where siding is secured by a lock-seam joint to the underlying panel or lay trim, the edge of the

overlaying panel need not be nailed or stapled.

6.3 Air leakage and condensation control Low air permeance and low vapour permeance materials shall be located in accordance with

Clause 9.25.1.2 of the National Building Code of Canada.

An air barrier system that complies with Clause 9.25.3 of the National Building Code of

Canada and a vapour barrier system that complies with Clause 9.25.4 of the National Building

Code of Canada shall be used.

6.4 Thermal insulation

6.4.1 General Sufficient insulation shall be provided in walls, ceilings, and floors separating heated space from

unheated space or exterior air to prevent moisture condensation on the room side during the

winter and to ensure comfortable conditions for the occupants. The minimum thermal resistance

of insulation shall be as specified in Table 6. However, the individual areas required to be

insulated may vary from the values in Table 6, provided that the total heat loss through the

insulated portions does not exceed the heat loss that would occur if the individual assemblies

were insulated to the minimum levels required by Table 6.

6.4.2 Installation Installing insulation shall be installed in a manner that ensures that it remains in its proper

location.

6.4.3 Access hatches Attic and roof spaces shall be provided with an access hatch in accordance with Clause

9.19.2.1, Part 9, Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

6.4.4 Soffit vents When soffit vents are used, the insulation between ceilings and roofs shall be installed in a

manner that does not impede the free flow of air between the soffit vents and the roof spaces.

6.4.5 Fire protection The fire protection of foamed plastic thermal insulating material shall meet the requirements of

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the National Building Code of Canada.

6.7.1 Windows

6.7.1.1 General Windows shall meet the specifications of

(a) CAN/CSA-A440-00/A440.1-00 (R2005); or

(b) AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 and A440S1, Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/

CSA 101/I.S.2/A440.

6.7.1.2 Installation Windows shall be installed

(a) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions; and

(b) plumb and true, with neat, well-fitted, weathertight joints.

6.9.2 Exterior doors

6.9.2.1 Wood doors Wood doors shall meet the requirements of CAN/CSA-O132.2 (for solid core doors) or

CSA O132.5 (for stile and rail doors). They shall be at least 45 mm thick, except that doors for

secondary entrances may be 35 mm thick if of solid wood, solid core, or stile and rail

construction.

6.9.2.2 Sliding glass doors Sliding glass doors shall meet the requirements of CAN/CGSB 82.1.

6.9.2.3 Storm or combination doors Storm or combination doors shall be at least 35 mm thick (wood doors) or 25 mm thick (metal

doors).

6.9.2.4 Weatherstripping Weatherstripping made of metal, plastic, rubber, wood, fabric, or a combination of such

materials shall be installed at the perimeter of exterior door openings.

6.9.2.5 Additional protection Where an exterior door opening is not completely protected from wind-blown snow or rain, it

shall be provided with a sill that slopes to the exterior. The sill shall be caulked with suitable

caulking to prevent the entry of water.

6.9.2.6 Wood door frames Wood door frames shall meet the requirements of Clauses 5.1.1 to 5.1.4 of CAN/CSA-A440.

6.9.2.7 Steel door frames Steel door frames shall be painted with a rust-inhibiting paint or otherwise suitably treated

before erection to prevent corrosion. Such frames shall incorporate a thermal break to prevent a

through-metal path from the interior to the exterior.

6.9.2.8 Thermal resistance When the January design temperature (2.5% basis) is less than –15 °C,

(a) exterior doors shall provide thermal resistance of at least RSI 0.7; and

(b) openings shall be double glazed unless a storm door is provided.

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6.7.3 Attic ventilation

6.7.3.1 General Every attic or roof space above an insulated ceiling shall be ventilated with openings to the

exterior.

6.7.3.2 Natural ventilation Where natural ventilation is used, the unobstructed vent area shall be not less than 1/300 of the

insulated ceiling area, except that where the roof slope is less than 1:6, the unobstructed vent

area shall be not less than 1/150 of the insulated ceiling area.

6.7.3.3 Vent types and distribution Vents shall be roof type, ridge type, eave-type, and/or gable end type. Where necessary, two or

more types shall be used in combination to ensure uniform ventilation of the roof space. Vents

shall be uniformly distributed on opposite sides of the home.

6.7.3.4 Powered ventilation When powered ventilation is used, the ventilator-vent combination shall provide ventilation of

the roof space equivalent to that required by Clause 6.7.3.2. Note: Examples of some acceptable designs include

(a) eave vents (soffits) in combination with a ridge vent or roof vents (i.e., one-quarter of the required

vent area in each eave vent and one-half of the area in the ridge vent or roof vents);

(b) two gable end vents of equal area in combination with a centrally located powered ventilator; and

(c) gable or soffit end vents in combination with a powered ventilator at the other end of the home.

7.3(6.13) Underfloor sheathing The bottoms of floor assemblies shall be sheathed to protect the assembly during transit.

Underfloor sheathing shall have a puncture resistance of at least 5.5 J and be capable of being

patched, in the event of damage, to meet the required puncture resistance. Instructions for such

patching shall be included in the home manufacturer’s instructions. Underfloor sheathing shall

be securely fastened to the floor assembly so that it will not be dislodged during transit.

7.4(6.6) Rodents protection Exterior surfaces shall be effectively sealed to prevent the entrance of rodents.

Note: Precautions in addition to normal building envelope sealing may be necessary to address

protection from rodents prior to installation of the home.

6.9.3 Door hardware

6.9.3.1 Hinges for exterior doors

6.9.3.1.1 Hinges for exterior doors shall consist of

(a) “18-8” stainless steel, brass, or bronze of a type that complies with CAN/CGSB 69.18/

ANSI/BHMA A156.1, and be equipped with ball bearings;

(b) steel plated with 0.013 mm zinc or cadmium and chromate treated; or

(c) steel pre-treated and primed for painting in accordance with CAN/CGSB

69.18/ANSI/BHMA A156.1.

6.9.3.1.2 Exterior doors shall be hung with at least three 89 mm × 89 mm solid butt hinges at least

2.5 mm thick.

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6.9.3.4 Locks The entrance door to a home shall be fitted with devices capable of locking the door from either

side and of unlocking the door from the inside without the use of a key. However, exterior doors

in addition to the entrance door specified in Clause 6.9.1 need not be lockable from the outside.

86.5 Interior surfacesfinishes and door hardware

8.16.5.1 Wall and ceiling finishes

6.5.1.1 Flame spread rating Exposed interior wall and ceiling finishes (excluding mouldings, doors, trim, and cabinets) shall

be made of a material whose surface flame spread rating does not exceed 150 when tested in

accordance with CAN/ULC-S102.

8.1.26.5.1.2 Plywood thickness The minimum thickness of plywood interior finish shall be as specified in Table 7, Table 2

except that plywood applied over solid backing may be of any thickness.

8.1.36.5.1.3 Grooved panels When plywood for interior finishes is grooved, the grooves shall not extend through the face ply

and into the plies below the face ply unless the

(a) unless the groove is supported by framing or furring; or

(b) unless

(i) the grain of the face ply is at right angles to the supporting members; orand

(ii)(c)the thickness of the plywood exceeds the applicable value specified in Table 7Table 2

by an amount equal to at least the depth of penetration of the grooves into the plies

below the face ply.

6.5.1.4 Non-plywood finishes Non-plywood interior wall and ceiling finishes shall be installed in accordance with the following

requirements of Division B of the National Building Code of Canada:

(a) gypsum board: Clause 9.29.5, except that specialty gypsum board products less than

9.5 mm thick (e.g., vinyl-faced gypsum board) may be used if it can be shown that the

finish material will provide performance at least equivalent to 9.5 mm regular gypsum

board;

(b) hardboard: Clause 9.29.7;

(c) insulating fibreboard: Clause 9.29.8;

(d) particleboard and waferboard: Clause 9.29.9; and

(e) wall tile: Clause 9.29.10.

6.5.3 Fire protection around gas and electric ranges

6.5.3.1 Vertical clearance Except as specified in Clause 6.5.3.2, a vertical clearance of at least 750 mm shall be provided

above the elements or burners of electric and gas-fired domestic ranges.

6.5.3.2 Cabinets Cabinets shall meet the requirements specified in Clause 9.10.22, Part 9, Division B, of the

National Building Code of Canada.

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only – 16

6.5.3.3 Wall-framing members Combustible wall-framing members within 150 mm of the area where the range is to be located

shall be protected above the level of the heating elements by material providing fire resistance

at least equivalent to 7.9 mm thick gypsum board.

6.5.4 Floor coverings Floor coverings shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.31, Division B, of the National Building

Code of Canada.

6.7 Light and ventilation

6.7.2 Ventilation and mechanical air change installations Ventilation and mechanical air change installations shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.32,

Part 9, Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

6.8 Rooms, hallways, and spaces

6.8.1 Measurement Unless otherwise specified in this Standard, whenever the dimensions of a room or space need

to be measured, they shall be measured between finished wall surfaces and between finished

floor and ceiling surfaces.

6.8.2 Heights of rooms and spaces The minimum heights of rooms or spaces shall be as specified in Clause 9.5.3, Division B, of

the National Building Code of Canada (see Table 8).

Areas in rooms or spaces over which ceiling height is not less than the minimum specified in

Table 8 shall be contiguous with the entry or entries to those rooms or spaces.

6.8.3 Hallway width The unobstructed width of a hallway shall be at least 860 mm, except that the minimum hallway

width shall be 710 mm where

(a) only bedrooms and bathrooms are located at the end of the hallway farthest from the living

area; and

(b) a second exit is provided in

(i) the hallway, near the end farthest from the living area; or

(ii)each bedroom served by the hallway.

6.9 Doors

6.9.1 General Every home shall be provided with at least one entrance door. Every room containing a water

closet shall be provided with a door. Note: If a door is installed in the doorway to a bedroom, a door need not be provided at the entrance to a

water closet room within the bedroom.

Doorway openings shall be designed to accommodate the minimum door sizes specified in

Table 9.

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6.9.3 Door hardware

8.2(6.9.3.2) Hinges for interior Interior doors hardware

8.2.1 (6.9.3.2.1) Referenced standard Hinges for interior doors shall comply with be as specified in Clause 6.9.3.1.1, except that

(a)they may in accordance with CAN/CGSB 69.18/ANSI/BHMA A156.1, consist of steel plated

with chrome, brass, bronze, nickel, or cadmium; and

(b) bronze and brass hinges need not be of the ball-bearing type.

8.2.2 (6.9.3.2.2) Hinge size Interior swing-type doors shall be hung with at least two 76 mm × 76 mm solid butt hinges at

least 2 mm thick.

6.9.3.3 Other hardware Screws, bolts, and other fastening devices for use with door hinges shall be made from

materials compatible with and having the same finish as the door hinges.

8.2.3 (6.9.3.5) Doorstops Doorstops shall be provided wherever necessary to prevent damage to interior wall finishes.

6.9.4 Glass in doors

6.9.4.1 Safety glass usage

6.9.4.1.1 Except as specified in Clause 6.9.4.2, glass side lights wider than 500 mm that could be

mistaken for doors, glass in storm doors, and glass in sliding doors within a unit or at every

entrance shall be safety glass that meets the requirements of CGSB CAN/CGSB 12.1.

6.9.4.1.2 Glass in entrance doors, other than the entrance door specified in Clause 6.9.1, shall be safety

glass where the glass area exceeds 0.5 m2 and extends to less than 900 mm from the bottom

of the door.

Safety glass shall be permanently marked to indicate the name of the manufacturer and to

indicate that it is safety glass.

6.9.4.2 Doors mirrored with glass Doors mirrored with glass may be used only at the entrance to clothes closets. Such doors shall

be reinforced with hardboard, plywood, or particleboard at least 6 mm thick. This material shall

be securely fastened to the back of the mirror unless the glass is laminated or tempered safety

glass.

6.10 Exits Every manufactured home shall have at least an exit doorway located not more than 1.5 m

above ground level. Doors installed to serve as exterior doors shall be designed for exterior use

and be openable from the inside by operation of a single knob or lever. To prevent ice buildup

making a door inoperable, metal doors and jambs shall have a thermal break between their

exterior and interior parts.

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6.11 Bedroom windows Bedroom windows shall meet the requirements of Clause 9.7.1.2, Division B, of the National

Building Code of Canada.

6.12 Smoke alarms Smoke alarms shall be installed in accordance with Clause 9.10.19, Division B, of the National

Building Code of Canada.

9 Heating and air-conditioning – general

9.1 Compliance Heating and air-conditioning systems, including ducting, and mechanical

heating and refrigeration equipment, shall be designed, constructed and installed to

conform to accepted good practice such as that described in the ASHRAE Handbooks and

Standards, the HRAI Digest, the CHC Handbook on Hydronic Heating Systems, the Hydronics

Institute Manuals and the SMACNA Manuals. Notes:

(1) The National Building Code of Canada references the relevant provincial or territorial regulations or

municipal bylaws or, in the absence of such regulations or bylaws, good practice such as described

in the documents identified above. The compliance requirement in this standard allows

manufacturers to follow the same practice for all homes where the Z240-MH Series is referenced.

(2) Clauses 10 and 11 below apply in addition.

10 Fuel-fired appliances

10.1 Solid Fuel-Fired Appliances Note: Requirements for other fuel-fired appliances are provided in Z240.4.1.

6.14.1 General

6.14.1.1 Solid-fuel-burning appliances shall be certified in accordance with Clause 6.14.2 or 6.14.3 and

installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and CAN/CSA-B365.

10.1.1 (6.14.2) Fireplaces

10.1.1.1 General Solid-fuel-fired factory-built fireplaces installed in manufactured homes

(a) except as provided in clause (b), shall meet the requirements of Part A and Part B of

CAN/ULC-S610, and

(b) . If they are installed in manufactured homes with where the home has an interior floor

area of greater than 93 m2 or less, they shall also meet the requirements of Part B of

CAN/ULC-S610., need not be provided with

(i) combustion air supplied directly from the outdoors or

(ii) a fireplace flue damper that is interlocked with a damper in the combustion air intake.

6.14.3 Space heaters Solid-fuel-fired space heaters installed in manufactured homes shall meet the requirements of

Part A of CSA B366.2. Solid-fuel-fired space heaters installed in manufactured homes with an

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only –

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interior floor area of 93 m2 or less shall also meet the requirements of Part B of CSA B366.2.

Fuel-fired appliances shall be located at least 1.5 m from the exterior door.

10.1.2 Installation of solid-fuel-fired appliances

10.1.2.1 (6.14.1.1) Except as permitted by the regulatory authority, installation of solid-fuel-fired appliances shall be

carried out in the factory where the manufactured home is constructed.

10.1.2.2 (6.14.1.2) Solid-fuel-fired appliances installed in manufactured homes with an interior floor area of 93 m2

or less shall be designed and installed so that all combustion air is supplied through suitable

ducting directly from the outdoors.

10.2 Non-solid-fuel-fired appliances Non-solid-fuel fired appliances and their installation shall comply with Z240.4.1. or Z240.5.1as

applicable.

10.3 Location of fuel-fired appliances (6.10) Fuel-fired appliances shall be located at least 1.5 m from the exterior door.

(6.5.2) Fire protection around fuel-fired furnaces and water heaters shall comply with Clause

9.10.10, Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

11 Ducting

11.1 (Z240.5.1/8.1.3.1) Airtightness Joints and seams of ducts shall be securely fastened, and made substantially airtight and tested

for airtightness according to Clause 15.

11.2 Return air ducts

11.2.1 (Z240.4.1./6.9.2(c) and Z240.5.1/4.10.2(c)) Return air duct for non-direct vent furnaces When a non-direct vent furnace is installed, the return air shall be ducted directly to the furnace

and provision shall be made to ensure that circulating air is not picked up from the ventilated

appliance enclosure. Note: This issue is addressed in CSA B149 for gas- and propane-fired appliances but must also be

addressed for oil-fired appliances,

11.2.2 (Z240.9.1/6.3.3) Return air duct for closet-installed furnaces Return air ducts, when used, shall be directly connected to a closet-installed furnace when the

furnace is accessible from the living areas of the manufactured home.11.3 Protection of ducts

11.3.1 (Z240.5.1/ 4.3) General Supply and return air ducts shall be protected from mechanical damage by guards or by

appropriate location.

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11.3.2 Interconnecting ducts (Z240.9.1/ 9.2) Exposed interconnecting ducts for double-wide units, tip-out units, etc., shall be protected with

suitable water-resistant material wrapped around the outside.

12 Plumbing

12.1 Drain size and slope Where it is impractical due to the structural features or arrangement of the manufactured home

to obtain a minimum slope of 1 in 50 for drain piping, the drain pipe or piping can have a

minimum slope of 1 in 100.

7 Roof trusses test

7.1 General Roof trusses shall be tested in accordance with Clauses 3 to 7 of CSA S307 (with the exception

of Clause 7.7 of CSA S307). (7.1) Where access into the roof space is not provided, the design

load on the bottom chord specified in Clause 6.4 of CSA S307 shall be based on the calculated

dead load only.

7.2 Acceptance criteria

7.2.1 General Trusses shall be acceptable if they meet the applicable deflection requirement in Clause 5.3.1.1

at 1-1/3 times the design roof snow load after 1 h and sustain 2-2/3 times the design roof snow

load for 24 h without failure.

7.2.2 Failure criteria — Single trusses If the trusses are tested singly and both trusses fail to meet the requirements of this Standard,

the design shall be considered unacceptable. If only one of the two trusses meets the

requirements, two additional trusses may be tested. If either of the two additional trusses fails to

meet the requirements, the design shall be considered unacceptable.

7.2.3 Failure criteria — Truss pairs If the trusses are tested as a pair and only one truss fails to meet the deflection requirements of

this Standard or collapse occurs, two additional trusses may be tested. If either of the two

additional trusses fails to meet the deflection requirements or collapse occurs, the design shall

be considered unacceptable.

13 (8 ) Floor assemblies test

13.1 Application

13.1.1 (8.1) General The test specified in Clause 8Clauses 13.2 and 13.3 shall apply to floor assemblies where the

joists or trusses span transversely the length of the home.

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13.1.2 Floor assemblies where outriggers add strength Where steel outriggers are considered to add to the strength of the floor system, the test

specified in Clause 8 Clauses 13.2 and 13.3 may be followed by

(a) testing both the floor and chassis assemblies and taking into consideration the spacing of

outriggers and the number of trusses or joists associated with each outrigger. , or

(b) Alternatively, loading the completed structure may be loaded in accordance with

Clauses 8.3.2.3 and 8.3.2.4Clauses 13.3.2.4 and 13.3.2.5 to determine the contribution of

the outriggers to the stiffness of the floor.

13.2 (8.2) Test set-up

13.2.1 Test base The test assembly, including supports, shall sit on a non-yielding floor base.

13.2.2 Floor assembly construction The A minimum of two test trusses or joists shall be constructed and spaced as actually

provided in the home and assembled with a 38 mm thick side plate of the same depth as the

trusses or joists and end nailed to each end of each truss or joist with four 82 mm nails. The

entire assembly shall be covered with the decking material intended for use in construction,

using the intended method of fastening.

13.2.3 Support where outriggers not considered When the effect of outriggers is not considered, the trusses or joists shall be tested in pairs,

spaced 400 mm oc, and supported on two supports in such a way that the bearing length shall

beis the same as that actually provided with the longitudinal steel members of the chassis and

the span between supports is equal to that between the same members.

13.2.3 Support where floor and chassis considered When the combined floor and chassis assembly is being tested, the main longitudinal steel

frame members shall be supported along their full length by a material as wide as the steel

frame members. The supporting materials shall be of sufficient height to prevent the outrigger

members from touching the supports under loaded conditions.

13.3 (8.3) Testing procedure

13.3.1 (8.3.1) Centre span procedure

13.3.1.1 (8.3.1.1) Measuring deflection The centre span between supports shall be measured and the midspan locations marked at

convenient reference points, e.g., at the top of the particleboard. Deflections shall be measured

from the reference points with a graduated scale reading to 1 mm. Other methods for

measuring deflection may be used if they provide equivalent accuracy.

13.3.1.2 (8.3.1.2) Load test A uniformly distributed load equal to 1.4 kPa or 1.9 kPa, whichever is applicable (see

Clause 5.2.1), shall be applied at a steady rate to the centre span between the supports (see

Figure 2Figure 1(a)). Deflections at the centre of the span shall be recorded 5 min after load

application. The load shall then be removed.

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13.3.2 (8.3.2) Cantilever span procedure

13.3.2.1 Application The cantilever span procedure applies only where there is limited or no attic access.

13.3.2.2 (8.3.2.1) Simulated side wall assembly A simulated side wall assembly at least 600 mm high shall be installed at each cantilever end of

the floor assembly and shall be secured to the floor assembly in the manner intended for actual

installation.

13.3.2.3 (8.3.2.2) Simulated roof truss assembly An assembly simulating a pair of roof trusses spaced 400 mm ocon the same centres as the

floor joists or trusses shall be placed on the supporting side wall assembly and anchored to it

with one 90 mm nail.

13.3.2.4 (8.3.2.3) Zero load readings The zero load readings shall be taken at two reference points on each cantilever end of the

floor assembly.

13.3.2.5 (8.3.2.3, 8.3.2.4) Loading and measurement A uniformly distributed load equal to 0.5 kPa shall be applied over the entire centre and

cantilever spans of the floor. A uniformly distributed load equal to the design snow load

specified in Clause 5.2.2 shall be applied to the top of the roof truss assembly at a steady rate

and 0.35 kPa uniformly distributed load shall be applied to the lower chord of the roof truss

assembly (see Figure 2(b)Figure 1(b)). The deflection of the cantilever reference points shall be

measured after the complete assembly has sustained the load for 10 min. The load on the top

of the roof truss shall be increased to 2-2/3 times the design snow load and shall be maintained

for 24 h (see Figure 2(c)Figure 1(c)). Note: A uniformly distributed floor load of 0.5 kPa is used …????.

13.4 (8.4) Acceptance criteria Floor assemblies shall be considered acceptable if they meet

(a) the deflection requirements of the National Building Code of Canada with the exceptions

described in Clause 5.3Clause 6.4 at the design loads for 10 min, and

(b) the requirements of Clause 8.3.2.4Clause 13.3.2.5 without failure.

14 (9) Deformation resistance test Note: This test may be used to determine the suitability of buildings for installation on surface foundation

systems meeting the requirements of CSA Z240.10.1 where differential soil movement due to frost action

is likely.

14.1 (9.1) Test procedure The following procedure shall be used for the deformation resistance test:

(a) The home’s doors and windows shall be closed, following which the home shall be made

level and its support on piers installed at intervals in accordance with the manufacturer’s

installation instructions. The length of top-surface bearing, parallel to the length of the

building, shall be 300 mm.

(b) The home shall be lifted from one of its piers a height of at least 75 mm by jacking at the

centre of a pier located nearest one of the home’s corners.

(c) The home’s exterior and interior wall surfaces and floor and ceiling surfaces shall be

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only –

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inspected for damage or deformation that could compromise the operation of elements

such as doors and windows or (if applicable) the integrity of the air barrier.

(d) The home shall then be lowered and the procedures specified in Items (b) and (c) repeated

by jacking in turn at the piers nearest the other three corners of the building.

(e) The home shall then be lowered and, after at least 30 min have passed, reinspected in

accordance with Item (c).

(f) The damage or deformation (if any) shall be recorded and the record retained by the

tester.

14.2 (9.2) Acceptance criteria Homes shall be deemed to have met the deformation resistance criteria if, after re-leveling and

settling, all doors and windows operate properly without binding and there is no identifiable

damage that could adversely impact the operability of the home.

15 (Z240.9.1, clause 8) Airtightness of test for supply air duct systems

15.1 (Z240.9.1, clause 8.1; Z240.5.1, clause 8.1.4) Compliance Supply air duct systems shall be considered substantially airtight when the static pressure in the

duct system, with all registers sealed and the furnace air circulator at high speed, is at least

80% of the static pressure measured in the furnace casing when the casing outlets are sealed.

15.2 (Z240.9.1, clause 8.2) Testing

15.2.1 (Z240.9.1, clause 8.2.1) Apparatus The pressures specified in Clause 8.1Clause 15.1 shall be determined using the following

apparatus:

(a) an incline gauge with a 0 to 50 mm wc range, graduated in 2.5 mm wc;

(ba) a static probe (preferably of the Pitot tube type) or and a water manometer;

Note: Equivalents must be calibrated in increments of not more than 2.5 mm WC.

(c)(b)4.75 mm Tygon® tubing (or equivalent) or rubber tubing of suitable length; and

(d)(c)tape for taping air outlets and joints.

15.2.2 (Z240.9.1, clause 8.2.2) Procedure The pressures specified in Clause 8.1Clause 15.1 shall be determined as follows:

(a) Before installing the furnace on the duct system, block its outlet (preferably by taping the

outlet opening).

(b) With the air circulation fan operating at full output, insert a static probe (preferably of the

Pitot tube type) in a central location of the furnace. Using tubing and a water manometer or

an equivalent device calibrated in increments of not more than 2.5 mm wc, measure and

record the static pressure in the furnace casing (point A in Figure 1Figure 2).

(c) Install the furnace on the duct system. Close all warm air registers and tape them to

ensure that no air from the duct system can enter the home. (On systems with return air

ducts, close and tape the supply registers only.)

(d) With the air circulation fan operating at full output, measure and record the static pressure

in the duct system (point B in Figure 2Figure 3) using the devices specified in Item Clause

15.2.1 (b).

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16 (10) Markings and set-up instructions

16.1 (10.1) Markings Interior markings shall be marked on the interior of the manufactured home in accordance with

Clause 6 Clause 5 of CSA Z240.0.1.

16.2 (10.2) Set-up instructions Instructions shall be provided in accordance with Clause 7Clause 6 of CSA Z240.0.1.

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Table 1

Minimum lumber grades for specific end uses

(See Clause 4.4.1.)

Use

Framing, all

species, mm

38–89 thick

38–89 wide

38–89 thick

114 and wider

Stud wall framing

(load-bearing members)

Stud, standard,

No. 2 Stud, No. 2

Stud wall framing

(non-load-bearing members)

Stud, utility,

No. 3 Stud, No. 3

Floor, roof, and ceiling framing * *

*Grades shall be determined by load testing or engineering analysis (or both) based

on load and deflection requirements.

Note: This Table is based on the NLGA’s Standard Grading Rules for Canadian

Lumber.

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Table 21

Connection of floor to support frame

(See Clause 5.5.1Clause 6.6.1.)

Length of

structure,

m

Minimum

number of lag

screws

Minimum number of

9.5 mm carriage bolts* 8 × 75 mm 9.5 × 75 mm

13.4 40 38 18

14.0 42 40 18

14.6 44 42 20

15.2 46 43 20

15.8 47 45 20

16.4 49 47 22

17.1 51 48 22

17.7 53 50 22

18.3 55 52 24

18.9 56 54 24

19.5 58 55 24

20.1 60 57 24

20.7 62 59 24

21.3 64 60 24

21.9 65 62 24

*If the minimum number of lag screws are being used, a minimum of four additional

carriage bolts should be installed, one at each of the four corners of the unit, and the

balance of the lateral load should be resisted by lag screws based on the following

fastener value with 38 mm × 184 mm lumber, species group Spruce-Pine-Fir:

(a) 8 mm × 75 mm lag screws = 590 N;

(b) 9.5 mm × 75 mm lag screws = 625 N; and

(c) 9.5 mm × 178 mm carriage bolt = 1425 N.

The lag screw values apply only if 6 mm diameter holes are drilled to a depth of

70 mm and the screws are installed by turning with a wrench, not driving with a

hammer.

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Table 3

Size and spacing of studs

(See Clause 5.6.1.2.)

Type of

wall

Supported loads

(including dead loads)

Minimum

stud size,

mm

Maximum

stud spacing,

mm

Maximum

unsupported

height, m

Interior No load 19 × 64

38 × 38

38 × 89 flat

400

400

400

2.4

2.4

3.6

Limited attic

storage*

38 × 64

38 × 89

600

600

3.0

3.6

Exterior Roof, with or

without attic storage

38 × 64

38 × 89

400

600

2.4

3.0

*Applies to attics not accessible by a stairway.

Table 4

Wood lintel spans

(See Clause 5.6.3.2 and Table 5.)

Depth of lintel,

mm

38 mm × 64 mm

studs*

Studs exceeding

38 mm × 64 mm†

Maximum allowable

span, m

140 89 1.12

184 140 1.68

235 184 2.24

— 235 2.79

— 286 3.35

*Lintels consist of one 38 mm thick piece of lumber and one 19 mm

thick piece of lumber on edge.

†Lintels consist of two pieces of 38 mm thick lumber on edge,

separated by filler pieces.

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only – 28

Table 5

Nailing for wood framing

(See Clause 5.7.2.)

Though not shown – entire Table 5 is proposed to be deleted Mark-up shows NBC criteria

Construction detail

Minimum nail

length, mm

Minimum staple

length, mm

Minimum number or

maximum spacing of nails

Floor joist to side joist — end nail

Not in NBC. Moved to Clause 6.7

82 — 4 at each end

19 mm × 89 mm continuous wood

strapping to underside of floor joists

whose supports exceed 2.1 m NBC also

provides criteria for bridging

57 51

Staples not

acceptable

2

Double header or trimmer joists 76 — 300 mm oc

Tail joist to adjacent header joist 82 — 4 5

Each header joist to adjacent trimmer 82 — 4 5

Joist (end nailed) around openings 90 101 — 3

Stud to wall plate (each end) — toe nail or

end nail

63

82

--

—

4

2

Double studs at openings, or studs at

partition or wall intersections and corners

76 — 750 mm oc

Roof truss to roof side plate

Not in NBC. Moved to Clause 6.7

51 51 2 at each end

Roof truss to top wall plate — toe nail* 82 — 3

Bottom wall plate to side joist (exterior

wall)

Where wall provides required lateral

resistance

51 82

82

51 200 mm oc 400 mm o.c.

150 mm o.c.

Interior walls to framing or subflooring

Where wall provides required lateral

resistance

51 82

82

51 300 mm oc 600 mm o.c.

150 mm o.c.

Lintels to studs 82 — 2 at each end

Belt rail to wall studs

Not in NBC. Moved to Clause 6.8

38 38 2 at each stud

7.5 mm and 9.5 mm plywood, OSB or

particleboard waferboard subflooring or

sheathing up to 10 mm thick

51†

63 for higher

lateral

resistance

38‡

63 for higher

lateral resistance

— 150 mm (o.c.) along edges and 300 mm (o.c.) along intermediate supports

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only –

29

12.5 mm–19.0 mm plywood, OSB or

particleboard waferboard subflooring or

sheathing over 10 mm and up to 20 mm

thick

51†

63 for higher

lateral

resistance

51‡

63 for higher

lateral resistance

— 150 mm (o.c.) along edges and 300 mm (o.c.) along intermediate supports

Plywood, OSB or waferboard subflooring

or sheathing over 20 mm and up to 25

mm thick

57

63 for higher

lateral

resistance

n/a 150 mm (o.c.) along edges and 300 mm (o.c.) along intermediate supports

11.1 mm and 12.5 mm fibreboard

sheathing

45§ 38‡ 28 150 mm oc along edges and

300 mm oc

12.5 mm gypsum wall sheathing 45§ — Along intermediate supports

Plywood finishes to wall studs

more stringent criteria where material provides required lateral resistance

25 38

25 —

12.5 mm fibreboard ceiling to trusses 25 32.7 25§ —

Panel- or sheet-type siding up to 6.35 mm

thick

38** 38** —

Panel- or sheet-type siding more than

6.35 mm thick

51** 51** —

(Continued)

Construction detail

Minimum nail

length, mm

Minimum staple

length, mm

Minimum number or

maximum spacing of nails

Horizontal and vertical metal siding

up to 250 mm wide

38 38** 600 mm oc (nailed to

framing) or 400 mm oc

(nailed to sheathing only)

Metal panel-type siding more than

250 mm wide

38** 16** 150 mm oc at all edges††

300 mm o.c. along intermediate supports

plus one row of #8 gauge

screws

400 mm oc at mid-wall height

Not in NBC. Retained; moved to Clause 7.

Exterior wood trim 38** 38** 51 600 mm oc

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*Where the roof side plate is fastened to the roof truss in accordance with Table 4, and the bottom chord is

designed to be flush to exterior walls, the roof assembly may be fastened by nails or staples meeting the

requirements of Table 4 or by tying the completed roof assembly to wall framing by 50 mm wide galvanized

metal strips at least 0.41 mm thick, spaced not more than 1.2 m apart, and fastened at each end with at least

two 64 mm nails or equivalent staples.Retained; moved to 6.8.1 as acceptable option. †Nail length may be reduced 6 mm if nails are annular-grooved.

‡Staples shall be at least 1.6 mm in diameter, with a crown of at least 9.5 mm, and driven with the crown

parallel to the framing.

§Nails shall be at least 3.2 mm in diameter and have a minimum head diameter of 11.1 mm.

**Nails, staples, and screws shall be corrosion resistant, compatible with siding materials, and penetrate

through the nail-holding base or at least 25 mm into the framing.

††Where siding is secured by a lock-seam joint to the underlying panel or lay trim, the edge of the overlaying

panel need not be nailed or stapled.

Note: The attachment of siding material near the front of a manufactured home needs to take into account the

additional wind loads to which the unit can be subjected during transit. Retained; moved to Clause 7

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only –

31

Table 6

Minimum thermal resistance of insulation (RSI value)*

(See Clause 6.4.1.)

Maximum number of

Celsius degree days† Floor Walls Roof/ceiling

Less than 6000 4.7 3.0 5.7

6000 to less than 8000 4.7 3.87 6.7

8000 and more 4.7 3.87 7.0

*Refers to the minimum thermal resistance of insulation provided in the various

building assemblies.

Notes:

(1) Degree days for various geographical locations are listed in Appendix C,

Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada. For unlisted locations,

see Clause A-1.1.3.1, Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

(2) Thermal resistance may be reduced near the eaves to the extent made

necessary by the roof slope and required ventilation clearances, but the

minimum thermal resistance at a point directly above the inner surface of

the exterior wall shall be at least RSI 2.1.

(3)The values specified in this Table are acceptable for areas with more than

8000 Celsius degree-days, but higher thermal resistance is recommended for

these areas.

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Table 72

Minimum thickness of interior plywood finish, mm*

(See Clauses 6.5.1.2 and 6.5.1.3.)

Maximum spacing

of supports,

mm oc

Minimum thickness

On supports with no

horizontal blocking

On supports with blocking at

vertical intervals not exceeding

1.2 m

400 4.0 NBC specifies 4.7 4.0

600 8.0 4.0 NBC specifies 4.7

*The thicknesses specified in this Table are intended to permit a manufacturing tolerance of

± 0.4 mm.

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Table 8

Minimum ceiling heights

(See Clause 6.8.2.)

Room or space

Minimum

ceiling height,

m

Minimum area over which minimum

ceiling height shall be provided*

Living room or space 2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

10.0 m2

Dining room or space 2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

5.2 m2

Kitchen or kitchen space 2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

3.2 m2

Master bedroom or bedroom space 2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

4.9 m2

Other bedroom or sleeping space 2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

3.5 m2

Bathroom, water-closet room, or

laundry area above grade

2.1 Lesser of the area of the room or space or

2.2 m2

Passageway, hall, main entrance

vestibule, and finished rooms not

specified elsewhere in this Table

2.1 Area of the room or space

*The area shall be measured at the floor level.

Note: This Table is based on Clause 9.5.3, Division B, of the National Building Code of Canada.

Table 9

Minimum door sizes, mm

(See Clause 6.9.1.)

Location Width Height

Entrance to home (vestibule or entrance hall) 810 1980

Entrance to utility room 810 1980

Entrance to walk-in closet 610 1980

Entrance to bathroom, water closet room, or

shower room

610 1980

Entrance to a room located off a hallway with a

minimum width of 710 mm, as permitted by

Clause 6.8.3

610 1980

Entrance to a room not specified elsewhere in

this Table

760 1980

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Figure 1

Examples of allowable lumber defects

(See Clause 4.4.2.)

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35

Figure 21

Loading for floor assemblies test

(See Clauses 8.3.1.2 Clauses 13.3.1.2 and 8.3.2.4.13.3.2.5)

0.35 kPa uniformly

distributed (attic)

load

0.35 kPa uniformly

distributed (attic)

load

Centre span procedure (See Clause 13.3.1.2)

Cantilever span procedure (See Clause 13.3.2.5)

Cantilever span procedure (See Clause 13.3.2.5)

Z240.2.1 Draft – Version 3, 6 January 2013 – for TC Members’ Use Only – 36

Figure 2 (Z240.9.1 Figure 1) Static pressure measured in the furnace casing

(See Clause 15.2.2Clause 8.2.2.)

Figure 3 (Z240.9.1 Figure 2) Static pressure measured in the duct system

(See Clause 8.2.2.Clause 15.2.2)

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37