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Beautiful window treatments can work won-ders for a room. They can set the decoratingmood. They may become a part of the back-ground or the center of interest; dramatizea lovely view or screen off a poor one;complement pleasing architectural featuresor conceal lack of interesting featUres.

In addition, window treatments often playan important functional role in sound absorp-tion and insulation.

The windows of your home provide atransition between outside and inside. Theymay control fresh air, light and privacy.The type of windows and the way the roomis used influence the type of window treat-ments you select. There should be a feelingof harmony or unity for all of the windows asviewed from the outside of the home. On theinside there should be a pleasing feeling ofcoordination as you move from room to room.

Deciding on window treatments becomesmuch easier if you will: (1) check your win—dow types, (2) consider different basic types

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Sliding Windows1. Double-hung—ls the most common of all

window types. Has two sashes, one orboth of which slide up and down. Unlessunusual in size or placement, it is easyto decorate.

2. Horizontal sliding windows and doors—Are often used in multiple units with onesection fixed. Often used in ranch typehouses and called ranch or strip windows.

Swing Windows1. ln-swinging casement — Opens into the

of window treatments and possible ways toadd individuality, (3) decide on the righthardware for each window and (4) carefullyselect the appropriate fabrics and trims.

WINDOW STYLESWindow styles are usually grouped accord-

ing to installation or according to shape, sizeand placement. There are basic styles com-monly used by architects and builders theworld over. You need to learn the style namesand the terms for the parts of the windows inorder to discuss window treatments.

The casing is that part of the window thatfits into the wall structure and around thewindow itself.

The frame, or sash, is the part that holdsthe glass.

The sill is the narrow shelf at the bottom ofthe window.

The apron is the part of the casing belowthe sill.

According to installation, windows are classified as sliding,swing, fixed or a combination of fixed and movable. These areillustrated in the follbwing window types.

room. Window treatment must not inter-fere with operation of window.

2. Out-swinging casement—Opens outward.Easy to decorate.

3. Awning—Has wide, horizontal sashes thatopen outward to any angle. Can be leftopen during a rainstorm. Easy to decorateunless unusual in shape or placement.

4. Jalousie—‘ls identified by narrow, hori-zontal strips of glass that open by meansof a crank to any desired angle.

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Fixed or Combinations of Fixed andMoving Windows1. Picture window—ls designed to frame a

view. It is usually a large fixed pane ofglass which cannot be opened. It oftenhas movable sections on both sides ofthe fixed pane.

Other Styles Classified According to Shape,Size or Placementl. Dormer—Usually a double-hung window

proiecting from the house in an alcove-like extension.

2. Cathedral windows—Characterized by theangle at the top that follows the line of aslanting roof.

3. Clerestory windows—Set near the ceiling.

2. Bay windows—Consist of three or morewindows set at an angle to each other ina recessed area. May be combination offixed and movable.

3. Bow window—A curved window often re-ferred to as circular bay. A fixed windowarea.

Sometimes placed in a slope of beamedceiling. Often not decorated at all.

4. Corner windows—Include any windowsthat come together at the corner of aroom. Easy to decorate with right hard-ware.

5. Arched windows —— Characterized bycurved top. Need special decorating.

6. Window wall—ls a group of basic windowunits fitted together to form a glass wall.

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Windows often become decorating prob-lems because of unusual proportions or be-cause of their placement. For example, they

k may appear too tall and narrow or too wideand short in proportion to the size and shape

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of the room. Or, maybe, the windows areplaced too close to the fireplace or a door.With the many types of window treatmentsavailable to choose from, there is a satis-factory solution for problems such as these.

BASIC WINDOW TREATMENTSJust as a basic dress is simple and primarily suited to your figure and needs, a basic

window treatment is simple and appropriate for the particular type of window you aredecorating. Start with the basics, then add the extras, such as a valance, swag or tiebacks that make your windows distinctive and different. You can also vary the lengthof curtains and draperies to complement the window or decorating mood of the room.

Different types of windows suggest certain basic types of window treatments.

Curtains and Draperies'l.

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Two-way draw traverse—May be used forglass curtains as well as draperies. Openfrom center and draw toward outer edgesof window. Suitable for: double-hung,out-swinging casement, awning, ialousie,bay, bow and corner windows.One-way draw traverse—Drapery drawsto one side. Suitable for: windows withno wall space on one side, sections of baywindows, corner and slanting windows,sliding windows and doors.Swinging draw draperies—Drapery androd mounted on frame to swing withFrench door or in-swing casement window.Cafe curtains and draperies—Hung froma cafe rod. They may be stationary or tra-verse. Suitable for double-hung, ranch,picture, dormer, bay and bow windowsand glass walls.

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5. Sash curtains—Usually cover only the glasssection. They are shirred at top and bot-tom on close-fitting rods. Suitable for:casement and clerestory windows anddoors with glass sections.Criss-cross curtains—Are extra wide,ruffled, sheer panels hung so that oneoverlaps the other. Suitable for: double-hung, bay and picture windows.Stationary curtains and draperies—Mayhang straight or be tied back. Suitable fordouble—hung, picture, dormer and baywindows.Arched treatment—May be either station-ary, pleated curtains or draperies hungon an arched rod. Designed specificallyfor curved-top windows.Slanting traverse—ls designed to draw inone direction to follow slanting top win-dows.

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Blinds and Shutters

-'l. Venetian blinds—May be used alone or in( combination with curtains and draperies.

Available with vertical and horizontalslats. Suitable for most any type window

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Window Shades

l. Matchstick or bamboo shades—Informaltype of window treatment. Especially ap-propriate for family rooms, porches, in-formal dining areas.

2. Roller shades—Available for any type win-dow. May be functional, decorative or

except in-swing, corner, slant or archedwindows.Shutters—May be used alone or in combi-nation with other types of window treat-ments. Suitable for same types of windowsas Venetian blinds.

.2serve both purposes.Roman shades—Work on the same prin-ciple as matchstick shades, except fabricforms pleats as it is raised and lowered.Adds a decorative note.Austrian shades—Are shirred; usually ofsheer to medium-weight fabric. Appro-priate for more formal decor.

OVER-TREATMENTSOver-tregtments are often used with curtains, draperies, blinds or shades to give a

finished appearance to the window. There are several choices, depending on the deco-rating effect you wish to achieve.

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Cornices—Are made of lightweight woodconstruction and mounted on top of win-dow facing or wall above window. Theymay be painted to match the walls, wood-work or covered with fabric to match orcontrast with fabric of curtains or drap-eries.Valances—Are made of fabric. May bepleated or shirred on rod or may be linedwith buckram or permette to give body.Shaped to fit rod.Contonnieres—Are made in the same man-ner as cornices, except they are designedto extend across the width of and downthe sides of the window.

4. Swags and iabots—Are draped in sectionsand fastened to the top of a valanceboard. They add the soft look which isappropriate for traditional or more for-mal rooms.

5. Lambrequin—A wooden frame designedto encase the window. It may be paintedbut more often is covered with fabric. Aharmonizing curtain, drapery or shade isused to cover the window area.

DRAPERY HARDWAREOnce you have decided on the style of window treatment, you are ready to select and

install the hardware best suited to your choice. This should be done before you esti-mate yardage for curtains and draperies.

The basic types of hardware used for the basic window treatments have been listedin the preceding section.

Fastening devices are available for mounting rods on different kinds of wall ma-terials. Wood screws are used for casing mounts.'l. Plaster screws—Will hold lightweight

draperies in plaster or dry walls.2. Plaster plugs—Hold plaster screws more

securely.3. Toggle bolts—Needed for mounting heavy

draperies.4. Screw anchors or molly bolts—Will hold

brackets securely on plaster or dry walls.Rods are available in a wide selection of standard models. In addition, they can be

custom cut and assembled to any size. They can be mounted on the wall or the windowframe, on extenders or inside the casing. Rods for bow and bay windows are customcut. Decorative rods have become a fashion trend. Many of the basic types are also avail-able in a variety of decorative finishes. The rods then become an important part of thedecorating plan.

ROD TYPES MOST OFTEN USED

Cafe rod

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FABRIC SELECTION

Whether you are selecting ready-modes,custom-modes or making your own curtainsand draperies, you have a wide range offabrics to choose from. Color, design andtexture will be your first considerations be-cause your window treatments must harmo-nize with the other furnishings.

The following qualities in fabric will makeyour choice more satisfactory.

' A good hand—drapes well. Hangs inpleasing folds.

0 Fibers that wear well.Colorfast dyes.Special finishes—stain-resistant, crease-resistant, drip-dry.Preshrunk.

Examine the fabric you like under bothartificial light and daylight. See how it lookswith the sunlight shining through it. If it is tobe lined, hold the fabric and lining up to-gether to see how the color or pattern is af-fected. Take home swatches to try with yourother furnishings.

Always allow for enough fabric to insuregraceful, full curtains and draperies. Be sureto check and recheck your measurements be-fore you buy.

Braids, fringes, appliques and other types .of trim are available to give your windowtreatments an individual or decorator finish.They can be an important addition to eitherthe draperies you make or to those that youbuy ready made.

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:

H.E. 101 ”Your Guide for Making Draperies."Faulkner, Ray and Sarah Faulkner. Inside Today’s Home, New York: Holt, Rinehart and

Winston, revised 1967.Whiton, Elements of Design, New York: J. B. Lippincott Company.Kirsch. How to Make Your Windows Beautiful, Sturgis, Michigan: Kirsch Company, 1965.Kirsch. Drapery Hardware, Sturgis, Michigan: Kirsch Company, 1967.Graber, Marie. Window Decorating Guide, New York: Graber Company, 1967.Eastern. Window Wonderland, Baltimore, Maryland: Eastern Products Corporation, 1967.Breneman. The Elegant World of Window Shades, Cincinnati, Ohio: Breneman, Inc., 1967.

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Prepared by Extension Housing and House Furnishings Specialists

Published byTHE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE

North Carolina State University at Raleigh, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University at Greens-boro, and the US. Department of Agriculture, Cooperating. State University Station, Raleigh, N.C., T. C. Blalock,Director. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. The North CarolinaAgricultural Extension Service offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, or national origin,and is an equal opportunity employer.7/79/5M (Reprint) Home Economics 100