YOUNG PEOPLE IN YOUNG PEOPLE IN RESIDENTIAL CARERESIDENTIAL CARE

HOW WELFARE IS PROVIDEDHOW WELFARE IS PROVIDED??

VOLUNTARY SECTOR

R. Institutions1200 = £1622006 = 1017

COMMUNITY Alternative

Family 1200/3000 = £450

2005 = 5128

Total= 8246

PUBLIC SECTORR. Institutions2005 = 2101

Mean = 9.33St. D = 5.515Median = 8Mode = 7

Mean = 11.87St. D = 5.644Median = 13Mode = 16

Length of Stay in Residential Care

P<.001

STUDY’S AIMS:STUDY’S AIMS:

What are the needs/difficulties of What are the needs/difficulties of abandoned young people? abandoned young people?

How they are impacted by being born How they are impacted by being born of unknown parents and placed at of unknown parents and placed at residential care residential care

How the provided programmes, How the provided programmes, services and policies are perceived by services and policies are perceived by young people?young people?

What are needed to be done?What are needed to be done?

Questionnaires

Interviews

Focus Groups Observation

Documents Where 12 selected settings located in two cities within various neighbourhoods

(low, middle or high class)

It is … Multilevel Mixed Methods

Sampling‘Data Triangulation’

Sampling Care Leavers

Sampling Leaving Care Practitioners

Sampling Practitioners

In Care

Sampling Young People

In Care

Sampling Institutes:

Purposive/Snowball Sampling

of some Institutes + other institutes were selected

as a whole

It is …a Methodological

Triangulation

It is …a homogeneous

concurrent Sampling: Typical & atypical

cases

It is …

Environmental triangulation

quanData and Results

QUALData and Results

Interpretation

Triangulation Mixed Methods Design*

The Characteristics of YPThe Characteristics of YP

As a result of being born of unknown parents, they…

De-attached when they were infants

Have experienced repeated breaking Attachments

with primary caregivers due to Multi Movements

AttachmentAttachment

YP: Don’t remind me. It was the hardest experience in my life

Interviewer: How come?

YP: Because we moved from our little heaven and world to another world which was full of pains and sadness. Imagine someone tries to grab a child from his mother’s lap. This is what was our situations. After six years of beautiful life, all the sudden, we were deprived from living with people we loved to be with them and places we loved to stay in. The worst thing when the workers we loved and trusted were involved

in such transition” (a 26 years old Care Leaver)

Multiple MovementsMultiple Movements

51% had not had stable life due to movements

M = 59% , F = 44.4% (no sig.)

.1I stayed for 11 years - from birth- at the Nursery social institution in ****, then 2 years at another institution in a village for males. After that I spent one year at social correction agency for deviant juveniles in ****. One year in another city, then 2 years in **** and 4 years in ****. Then I got married for a year but I divorced and remarried but not feeling happy. I’m still feeling that I’m hanging around myself (24 male care leavers)

The impact of being bornThe impact of being born……

Found in Hospital/Public places

Access to personal file

63% wanted to know birth parents

Live w/o Identity (family oriented society)

Wondering why their names seem to be alike“We feel our names were chosen by lot ”

several young people

The impact of being born (2)The impact of being born (2)

Different name from Society (family oriented)

Name not matching Alternative Family

Start asking 12+…, No persuasive response

Confused and uncertain / self-development /esteem

More Half embarrassed/feel stigmatised when asked about birth parents/family

53% in Riyadh vs. 56% In Jeddah

Positive ResponsesPositive Responses

Media Involved

Community Participation

Generous Financial Support

Career Support e.g. Study abroad

Kinship through Breast Feeding

But there are some missings .…

Conclusion: So Conclusion: So what are neededwhat are needed??

Is alternative family/adoption the answer? If not,…

Is there a need for small homes vs. Large institute ?

Or do we need to increase the number of RI?

Do we need to review the application of religious policy to adoption (e.g. name matching) ?

What are needed to ensure that only qualified and humane staff (mind/heart) are involved in provided

care ?

What do they need while they in care?

How can we create social support system for them? Are they prepared to leave care and live independently but successfully? pathway plan

What do they need after leaving care?

Is policy transfer feasible ? e.g. National Leaving Care Scheme/Act

What are needed (2) ?

What are needed (3)What are needed (3) ? ?

How resilience can be used to help these people cope with issues related to their

social identity ?

Should we help these people fit (meet the needs of society or help society fit them? Mark Darkeford

Bernardi, L., Keim, S and Lippe, H. (2007). Social Influences on Fertility: A Comparative Mixed Methods Study in eastern and Western Germany. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1: 23- 47. * Creswell, J. W. (2007). HSHS Mixed Methods Conference Workshop Denzin, N. (1970). The Research Act in Sociology. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company. Denzin, N. And Lincolon, Y.S. (1998). Strategies of Qualitative Inquiry. California: SAGE. Guion, L. (2002). ‘Triangulation: Establishing the Validity of Qualitative Studies’. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu Morgan, D. L. (1998). Practical Strategies for Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Applications to Health Research. Qual Health Res, 8: 362-376. Stake, R.E. (2006). Multiple Case Study Analysis. New York: The Guilford Press. Tashakkori, A. And Creswell, J. W. (2007). Editorial: Exploring the Nature of Research Questions in Mixed Methods Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1: 207-211 Teddlie, C. And Yu, F. (2007). Mixed Methods Sampling: A Typology With Examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1: 77-100. Yin, R. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. California: Sage.

References for Methodologies

References for Research TopicReferences for Research Topic

• Evans, D. And Kearney, J. (1996). Working in Social Care: A Systemic Approach. Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Limited.

• Alansary, A. (2004). Pscyological and Behvioural Problems of Children of Unknown Parents: Integrating them Through Alternative Families. Kuwait: Council of

• Alassaf, S. (1989). Dealing with Children of Unknown Identity: Descriptive and Evaluative Study. Riyadh: Arabic Centre for Training and Security Studies.

• Alawadhy, F. A. (Undated). The Regulations of Children of Unknown Parents in Islamic Jurisprudence. Department of Edification and Counseling in Theological Studies.

• Al nafisah, A. H. (1990). Contemporary Jurisprudence Research Journal: A journal Specialised in Islamic Jurisprudence. 7, 2: 33-44.

• Alnaser, F. (2004). The Attitudes of Society and Residential Institutes towards Children of Unknown Parents: Social Perspective. Kuwait: Council of Ministers of Labour and Social Affairs of Gulf Areas.

• Alsadhan, A. N. (2003). Children without Families. Riyadh: Alobaikan.• Alzaharny, M. (2001). Informing Children of Unknown Parents About their Social Situation. Riyadh:

King Fahed National Library.• Biehal et al. (1995). Moving on: Young People and Leaving Care Schemes. London: HMSO.• Beldwin, D. A. (1998). Growing Up In & Out Care: An ethnographic Approach to Young People’s

Transition to Adulthood. Doctoral Thesis at University of York.• Mitwally, M.M. (Undated). Islamic Care for Illegitimates.• The Annual Statistic Book. (2003/2004). Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. Riyadh. Daar Alhilal.• The Annual Statistic Book. (2005/2006). Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs. Riyadh. Daar Alhilal.• Sinclair, I. (1988). Residential Care: The Research Reviewed. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery

Office.

THANK YOU

Ahmed A. Albaraa513@york.ac.uk

A TRIANGULATION MULTI-SITES CASE STUDY A TRIANGULATION MULTI-SITES CASE STUDY OF ABANDONED YOUNG PEOPLE IN OF ABANDONED YOUNG PEOPLE IN

RESIDENTIAL CARE AND CARE LEAVERS IN RESIDENTIAL CARE AND CARE LEAVERS IN SAUDI ARABIASAUDI ARABIA