After more than a year of war between Houthirebels and Saudi-backed forces supporting exiledpresident Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi, Yemen

faced a humanitarian crisis in 2016 that was unlike any-thing in the country’s history. According to the UnitedNations’ Office for the Coordination of HumanitarianAffairs, by the end of the year nearly three-quarters ofYemenis lacked access to safe drinking water or sanitationand just over half lacked suffi-cient access to food. Shipmentsof supplies into Yemen, whichbefore the war had importednearly 90% of its food, werelargely stopped by a Saudi-lednaval blockade, and in manyareas the Saudi-led coalition’sdestruction of roads and bridgesmade it difficult for humanitar-ian aid to be distributed.

DemographyPopulation (2016): 27,393,000.Density (2016): persons per sq mi 134.4,persons per sq km 51.9.

Sex distribution (2015): male 50.62%;female 49.38%.

Population projection: (2020) 29,884,000;(2030) 35,660,000.

Major cities (2014): Sanaa2,833,0005; Aden (2011)784,0005; Ta(izz (2004)466,968; Al-Hudaydah(2004) 409,994; Ibb(2004) 212,992.

Urban-rural (2014):

Vital statisticsBirth rate per 1,000 pop-ulation (2015): 30.0(world avg. 19.5).

Death rate per 1,000population (2015): 6.3(world avg. 8.1).

Life expectancy at birth(2015): male 63.1 years;female 67.4 years.

Age breakdown (2015):

Ethnic composition (2000): Religious affiliation (2010)7:

Yemen

Official name: Al-Jumhuriyyah al-Yamaniyyah(Republic of Yemen).

Form of government: multiparty republic withtwo legislative houses (Consultative Council[1111]; House of Representatives [301]2).

Head of state: President Abd Rabbuh MansurHadi.

Head of government: Prime Minister3 AhmadObaid Bin Daghr.

Capital: Sanaa.Official language: Arabic.Official religion: Islam.Monetary unit: Yemeni rial (YR); valuation(Sept. 1, 2016) 1 U.S.$ = YR 250.10; 1 £ = YR 332.63.

Area and populationarea4 population area4 population

2012 2012Governorates sq km estimate Governorates sq km estimate

Abyan 23,897 543,000(Adan (Aden) 6,863 752,000Al-Bayda) 10,757 715,000Al-D. ali( 3,448 586,000Al-Hudaydah 15,657 2,697,000Al-Jawf 28,930 547,000Al-Mahrah 93,907 111,000Al-Mahwit 2,545 615,000(Amran 9,261 1,092,000Dhamar 8,296 1,649,000Hadramawt 193,582 1,292,000Hajjah 8,882 1,834,000

Ibb 6,160 2,635,000Lahij 16,655 900,000Ma)rib 15,201 296,000Raymah 2,241 488,000“a(dah 13,343 863,000“an(a) (Sanaa) 16,394 1,142,000Shabwah 39,134 585,000Ta(izz 12,631 2,969,000

Capital CitySanaa6 292 2,216,000TOTAL 528,076 24,527,000

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National economyBudget (2009). Revenue: YR 1,276,600,000,000 (oil revenue 58.3%,tax revenue 31.8%, nontax revenue 8.3%, grants 1.6%).Expenditures: YR 1,843,900,000,000 (transfers and sub-sidies 30.8%, wages and salaries 30.3%, interest ondebt 6.9%).

Population economically active (2014): total 6,380,000;participation rates (2010): age 15 and over, male 67.1%;female 10.0%; unemployed 17.8%, of which youth(ages 15–24) 33.7%.

Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture,forestry, fishing (2014): mangoes and guavas 381,78310,sorghum 340,784, potatoes 264,986, onions (dry)226,73410, wheat 192,215, khat (qat; 2011) 180,6308,tomatoes 160,64110, grapes 155,62210, bananas126,33210, oranges 122,12910, millet 73,661, chickpeas59,450, dates 54,19710; livestock (number of live animals) 9,688,000sheep, 9,380,000 goats, 1,768,000 cattle, 460,000 camels; roundwood(2015) 505,651 cu m, of which fuelwood 100%; fisheries production190,000 (from aquaculture, none). Mining and quarrying (2014):gypsum 100,000; salt 50,000. Manufacturing (gross value added inU.S.$’000,000; 2010): food, beverages, and tobacco 824; cement,bricks, and ceramics 476; chemicals and refined petroleum products391; fabricated metal products 305; wearing apparel, textiles, andleather 165; furniture 87; wood and wood products 63. Energy pro-duction (consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2012) 6,579,000(4,166,000,000), by source (2013): fossil fuels 100%; coal, none(none); crude petroleum (barrels; 2012) 56,400,000 ([2011]20,900,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 2012) 1,850,000([2011] 5,805,000); natural gas (cu m; 2012) 8,096,000,000 ([2011]928,000,000).

Gross national income (GNI; 2014): U.S.$33,300,000,000 (U.S.$1,300per capita); purchasing power parity GNI (U.S.$3,650 per capita).

Public debt (external, outstanding; 2014): U.S.$6,859,000,000.Average household size (2012): 7.1.Land use as % of total land area (2011): in temporary crops or leftfallow 2.2%, in permanent crops 0.6%, in pasture 41.7%, forestarea 1.0%.

Foreign trade14

Imports (2013): YR 2,888,200,000,000 (mineral fuelsand lubricants 32.4%, of which petroleum and petro-leum products 31.9%; food and live animals 25.9%,of which cereals 12.9%; machinery and transportequipment 15.7%, of which road vehicles 8.1%).Major import sources:

Exports (2013)15: YR 1,565,400,000,000 (mineral fuelsand lubricants 79.7%, of which petroleum and petrole-um products 44.6%; chemicals and chemical products9.4%; food and live animals 7.6%, of which fish 4.1%).Major export destinations:

Transport and communicationsTransport. Railroads: none. Roads (2007):

total length 44,304 mi, 71,300 km(paved 9%). Vehicles (2004): passen-ger cars 522,437; trucks and buses506,766.

Education and healthLiteracy (2015): percentage of total population age15 and over literate 70.1%; males literate 85.1%;females literate 55.0%.

Health (2012): physicians 6,570 (1 per 3,892 per-sons); hospital beds 16,826 (1 per 1,520 persons);infant mortality rate (2015) 48.9; undernourishedpopulation (2006–08) 6,700,000 (30% of total pop-ulation based on the consumption of a minimumdaily requirement of 1,700 calories).

MilitaryTotal active duty personnel (November 2015):10,000–20,000 (army c. 100.0%, navy, n.a., airforce/air defense, n.a.); paramilitary, n.a.Military expenditure as percentage of GDP(2014): 4.2%; per capita expenditure U.S.$72.

1All appointed by president. 2Legislative bodies were suspended following a takeover by Houthi rebelsin February 2015. 3Prime Minister Khaled Bahah resigned Feb. 6, 2015, but later joined the govern-ment-in-exile in Aden. 4Approximate figures. 5Urban agglomeration. 6Regarded as a governorate foradministrative purposes. 7Includes small numbers of Jewish, Baha)i, Hindu, and Christian adherents.8Khat (or qat) cultivation employs nearly 15% of the labour force. 9Includes petroleum refining. 102013.11Import duties. 12Includes 795,316 unemployed. 13Detail does not add to total given because of round-ing. 14Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b. 15Includes reexports. 16Subscribers.

Internet resources for further information:• Central Statistical Organisation www.cso-yemen.org• Central Bank of Yemen www.centralbank.gov.ye

Structure of gross domestic product and labour force2009 2005–06

in value % of total labour % of labourYR ’000,000 value force force

Agriculture, forestry, fishing8 732,577 12.1 1,406,099 28.4Crude petrol., natural gas 1,120,678 18.5 14,959 0.3Mining and quarrying 12,243 0.2Manufacturing 493,9749 8.19 222,138 4.5Public utilities 44,247 0.7 18,773 0.4Construction 271,808 4.5 485,864 9.8Transp. and commun. 794,965 13.1 239,477 4.8Trade, restaurants, hotels 1,305,709 21.5 724,868 14.7Finance, real estate 568,666 9.4 39,907 0.8Pub. admin., defense 364,823 6.0 453,532 9.2Services 303,273 5.0 402,816 8.2Other 56,63411 0.911 936,32812 18.912

TOTAL 6,069,59813 100.0 4,944,76313 100.0

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Communications units unitsnumber per 1,000 number per 1,000

Medium date in ’000s persons Medium date in ’000s persons

TelephonesCellular 2015 17,35916 68016

Landline 2015 1,195 47

Internet users 2013 1,09316 4116

Broadband 2015 39516 1616

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