Year 13: HRM in BusinessLearning Objectives:To know the theories of Motivation

The steps to success for a Pass answer are:• To be able to explain at least two theories of motivation• To know how theories of motivation can be applied in

the workplace

The challenge is:To be able to analyse the theories of staff motivation in relation to the concept of managing HR

Why work?

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Taylor’s Scientific ManagementThe Principles of Scientific Management

(1911)One of the first theorists on motivation

Main Principle: People work for money People were Lazy by nature Task Orientated Division of Labour Used by Henry Ford “Model T” & McDonalds

Elton Mayo (Human Relations School)

“Hawthorne Experiments”Initially called in to look at effects of lighting

Looked at a number of factors with a group of employees

• Bonus Methods• Rest Periods• Refreshments• Work Layout

All changes led to success!

Elton Mayo (Human Relations School)Mayo’s conclusions Satisfaction from freedom and control Individuals had bonded into a team Group norms influenced by informal leaders Communication between

workers/managers can influence morale and output

Workers are affected by the degree of interest in them “ the Hawthorne effect”

Needs

What do you need?

You can argue that if you do not satisfy a workers needs then they will not be motivated.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs• Needs can change depending on age?• Different people/different needs• Can someone self-actualise?

Theory X and Theory YDouglas McGregor (1960) The Human Side of

Enterprise

Herzberg’s two-factor theoryFredrick Herzberg (1966)

Herzberg’s two-factor theoryMotivators Hygiene Factors

Achievement Paper work & Red tape

Recognition Supervision

Meaningful, interesting work

Pay

Responsibility Interpersonal relationships

Advancement Working conditions

Criticisms of motivational theories Not one of two extremes Depends on circumstances Employees will have different priorities at

different times and circumstances Employees aiming to increase wages may

not consider quality of life and job satisfaction

We cannot generalise Modern organisations: Team working

Year 13 Unit 16HRM in Business

Learning Objectives:To know how rewards can be used to motivate staff

The steps to success for a Pass answer are:• To be able to explain at least five different rewards• To know how theories of motivation can be linked to

reward systems

The challenge is:To be able to analyse the use of Reward Systems by organisations

What rewards do employers offer?

“

ActivityUsing the key terms on the activity sheet, you are required to identify the type of reward described and whether they are financial and non financial rewards.

Reward systems

Financial Non - Financial

Activity Using the key terms on the activity

sheet, you are required to identify the type of reward described and whether they are financial and non financial rewards.

Reward Systems Pay PRP Pensions Profit Sharing Share Options Mortgage subsidies Bonuses Leave Healthcare

Company vehicles Loans/Advances Childcare School fees Corporate Clothes Staff discounts Flexible working Extended career

breaks Loan schemes

Assignment 2

Research activity • Choose a business and using the internet, identify how

they motivate its employees. (p3)• To do this you may need to look at various roles. • Suggest, with justification, ways of improving motivation

in your chosen business (D1)

• Suggested companies: Tesco’s (careers)• http://group.barclays.com/Careers/Rewards-and-benefits • http://www.oxfordshirepct.nhs.uk/about-us/working-for-

us/benefits.aspx http://www.oxfordshirepct.nhs.uk/about-us/working-for-us/benefits.aspx

• Waitrose