X Crash Technical Description

X-Crash – Technical Description Page 1 / 31

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X-Crash

Evaluation Software for

Vehicle Safety

Technical Description

Version: September 30 th 2005

Sebastian Rings Werner Ostendorf

Email:

[email protected] [email protected]

© measX GmbH & Co. KG Moenchengladbach


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Contents

1 Brief Description ---------------------------------- -------------------------------------- 3

2 Main Functions ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- 5

2.1 Test Selection --------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 7 2.2 Data Viewing and Editing --------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 10

2.2.1 QuickView – Data Viewing------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 2.2.2 QuickEdit – Data Editing -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 2.2.3 QuickCalc – Module for Manual Calculation ------------------------------------------------------- 12

2.3 Analysis and Report Generation---------------------------- ------------------------------------------- 13 2.3.1 Selecting Evaluation Functions------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 2.3.2 Configuring Evaluations --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15

2.3.2.1 Single Evaluation / Comparative Evaluation ------------------------------------------------ 16 2.3.3 Report-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 2.3.4 Viewing Results ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19

2.4 Management -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------ 20 2.4.1 Software Configuration ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 2.4.2 Register Tests and Data Import ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

3 Options and Customizing ---------------------------- -------------------------------21

3.1 Additional Modules and Functions --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- 21 3.1.1 QuickLook – Additional Functions -------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3.1.2 QuickEdit – Additional Functions---------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 3.1.3 QuickCalc – Module for Manual Calculation ------------------------------------------------------- 21 3.1.4 Module for Database Maintenance ------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 3.1.5 Exporting results ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 3.1.6 Layout-Controlled Evaluation -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

3.2 System options and background information------------------------- ---------------------------- 23 3.2.1 Data Management Options ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

3.2.1.1 File-Based System -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 3.2.1.2 VSAS Database System ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

3.2.2 Analysis Options ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 23 3.3 Software Design-------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- 25 3.4 System Requirements----------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 26

4 Addendum – available macros ------------------------ ----------------------------27


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1 Brief Description

X-Crash is an analysis system for vehicle safety tests (crash tests, sled tests, com-ponent tests and ATD calibration).

Being ready-to-use system it includes all important evaluation methods in conformity with international regulations and legislations. In addition the system can be adapted or extended easily to customer requirements due to its open architecture.

X-Crash is based on National Instruments´ standard software DIAdem® and on X-Frame, measX´s software platform for analysis systems. Because of using these standard components, which are widely used in a lot of other areas, X-Crash is a fu-ture-proofed solution which will be developed continuously.

The analysis system offers support in three essential function areas:

Data Management No matter if you use the file based or the database based version - X-Crash op-timally supports managing and finding test data and analysis results. Information about tests is available quickly and any time. The ISO-MME data format forms the basis of the system. The system is compatible to CrashBase1 and to the related VSAS2 database, but it is available as file based system as well. Thanks to open system interfaces the software can be adapted to individual data formats and customer specific data management systems can be realized.

Data Viewing and Editing Before starting the analysis and documentation process the test data usually has to be checked and released first. With its modules QuickView, QuickEdit and QuickCalc X-Crash provides the optimal tools for these tasks. Quick zoom-ing and scrolling of signals, synchronized display of video and measured data, correction of offset and polarity, elimination of spikes, calculations for checking data and a large variety of other functions are included by default and thus pro-vide maximum support for release of the data.

1 CrashBase iis the predecessor software of X-Crash and was developed by measX/GfS based on input and request of the german workgroup for vehicle safety (MDVFS). 2 Vehicle Safety Analysis System (VSAS) is a database model defined by the german workgroup for vehicle safety (MDVFS).


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Analysis and Report Creating test evaluations complying with international standards (single test or comparative evaluations) belongs to the standard functionality of X-Crash. Sub-stantial test evaluations in conformity with national and international legislations (FMVSS, FMVSS, ADR, TRIAS, ECE, EU) and consumer regulations (IIHS, USNCAP, LINCAP, EuroNCAP) are integrated. Evaluations can be configured individually and then run automatically. Results – regardless of graphical or numerical data – will be presented in clear reports with table of contents and result summary, and result values will be stored. Re-ports can be output in a lot of different formats including PDF files or automati-cally generated Powerpoint presentations.

A fundamental feature of X-Crash is its adaptability to individual requirements.

In addition to the evaluation methods that are part of the standard delivery you can create and integrate your own methods.

For easy programming of VBS (Visual Basic Script) evaluation methods efficient li-braries are available. In addition evaluation methods defined by graphics (LPD/TDR files) can be used to present measured and calculated channels and values.

The process of evaluation can be configured individually by using a large variety of methods. Afterwards such evaluation sequences can be executed just on a key press.

Reports as well can be created and arranged individually. This begins with creating individual layouts and ends up by selecting and grouping the elements of a complete report like cover sheet, table of contents, result overview etc.. Often used variations (e.g. changing company logo in dependency of users customer) can be controlled via parameters in the user interface.


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2 Main Functions

The analysis system X-Crash is based on National Instruments´ standard software DIAdem® .

The user interface has been realized as an independent application by using DIAdem customizing features. It is designed for the specific requirements of crash evaluators.

For the execution of evaluations there's no knowledge about DIAdem necessary be-cause X-Crash includes preconfigured methods for various regulations and stan-dards. This is also true for reports and the presentation of results where X-Crash provides appropriate predefined layouts.

Often used adaptations to individual requirements can be done via the user interface of X-Crash and do not need any programming. Additional changes – if necessary - can be done via the layout features of DIAdem.

There is no need to step into the customizing level of DIAdem – except individual evaluation methods have to be realized. For this task X-Crash provides a powerful function library for easy programming.

From a user's viewpoint X-Crash mainly consists of three functional areas:

• Test selection (Data navigation)

• Data viewing and editing

• Analysis and reporting

Functional areas of X-Crash

Analysis & Report

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Thorax BagLinear Guided SledResults Overview8.38

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Auto Linear Guided Sled

Min = -38.82 m/s2 at 0.05 s

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Thorax Bag Linear Guided Sled

CFC 600 CFC 600 CFC 600S1ABDOLEMIE2FOYB

Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 110.50 ms Max(-) = -0.01

2631 Abdom.force tr. 0444

kN t = 110.50 ms

Max(+) = 0.44

Euro NCAP

kN t = 38.90 ms

Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 215.15

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Test Selection

Data Viewing

QuickView

QuickEdit

QuickCalc

Macro Selection

Parameterization

Analysis

Report

Results


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In addition an administration area is available to configure general software features up to user rights. Test selection is the first basic step. Here the user determines which test data shall be viewed or evaluated. Data Viewing area and Analysis & Report are two independent function areas. Data Viewing area supports checking the test data directly after a test, optionally preprocessing (preparing) the data (e.g. to correct channel polarity) and in the end releasing the data for the following evaluation. In the Analysis & Report area test data will be evaluated in conformity with official or internal standards and results will be documented. In the main dialog box of X-Crash shown below the three areas are represented by the buttons “Browse” (test selection), “QuickLook” (data viewing) and “Analyse” (analysis & report).

Main dialog box of X-Crash The following chapters describe some more details of these three areas.

X-Crash - Analysis Macros Seite 7 / 31

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2.1 Test Selection

Test selection always is the first step – no matter if you just want to view test data or if you want to create an analysis report.

X-Crash is available as a file based system as well as a database based system. Details about these different versions see chapter 3.2.1 Data Management Options.

For test selection there is no big difference between the two versions.

In case of the file-based system you use a Data Navigator (known from DIAdem) to browse the tests available in the file system.

In case of the database system you select tests from a database table. This process is supported by filter functions. In addition you can use the DIAdem Data Navigator to select test data from the file system which are not registered in the database (such as from external tests).

Analysis & Report

IIHS Injury Rating



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Min = -161.73


m/s2 at 0.05 s

Max = 22.75


m/s2 at 0.18 s

Min = -525.27 m/s2 at 0.19

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Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 110.50 ms Max(-) = -0.01


kN t = 110.50 ms

Max(+) = 0.44

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kN t = 38.90 ms

Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 215.15

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Test Selection

Data Viewing

QuickView

QuickEdit

QuickCalc

Macro Selection

Parameterization

Analysis

Report

Results


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Test selection via Data Navigator (left) and Database Test Selection (right)

After this process you will find all selected tests in a list in the upper area of the main dialog box.


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This box additionally shows some selected information for these tests, e.g. date and type of test and test reference numbers. More detailed information about a test – descriptive test information and channel overview as well as test results after analysis – is available via popup menu.

Test information (left) and channel overview (right)


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2.2 Data Viewing and Editing

Before releasing test data for final evaluation one normally checks the data for measuring faults and reliability. X-Crash supports this typically interactive process in the QuickLook area with a lot of assisting functions (e.g. automatic polarity check).

There are three modules named QuickView, QuickEdit and QuickCalc (optional) which offer extensive functions for viewing data, editing data, and mathematical con-trol functions. The functions of these three modules are integrated in the environment of the DIAdem VIEW panel.

In order to access these functions there is a special X-Crash menu that has been integrated into the user interface. This menu can be used in parallel to the DIAdem functionality like zoom, scroll etc. and thus provides an ideal combination of the spe-cial functions of X-Crash and the standard functionality of DIAdem.

Analysis & Report

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Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 110.50 ms Max(-) = -0.01


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Max(+) = 0.44

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Test Selection

Data Viewing

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Parameterization

Analysis

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Data viewing and editing in DIAdem VIEW The following functions are available in the modules:

2.2.1 QuickView – Data Viewing

• Single channel display filtered and/or unfiltered • Multiple channel display filtered or unfiltered; automatic display mode for tri-ax-

ial channel pairs (X,Y,Z) • Manual or automatic filter selection • Legends with channel name, unit, and min/max values • Tabular display of „constants channels“ (such as lever arms) • Information about data set attributes and descriptive channel data directly ac-

cessible • Display of result values • Selected Channels can be assigned to a DIAdem layout in the GRAPH panel,

e.g. for printing

X-Crash Menue

extension

Zoom area

Legend Full signal area


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2.2.2 QuickEdit – Data Editing

• Trigger correction (with single channel selection) • Offset correction (with single channel selection) • Amplification correction • Channel inversion • Channel filtering (overwrite) • Channel value correction (using cursor and mouse) • Checking channel names (ISO) • Automatic checking of amplitude, polarity and spikes • Store and export data sets

In the area of data editing, you can expand or reduce the scope of functions and also modify functions if required.

This area can be extended using the calculation module QuickCalc.

2.2.3 QuickCalc – Module for Manual Calculation

The QuickCalc module is an optional extension to QuickView and QuickEdit. It pro-vides calculation functions within the data viewing area in order to support the user when viewing, checking and rating channel data.

Examples for such functions could be the calculation of the difference between channels or the calculation of a resultant. But also crash specific functions like HIC calculation can be realized in this area. QuickCalc is designed as customizable modul. The delivered version contains some example functions which can be ex-tended by customer requirements. Note: Calculations in this area are intended as a supporting function when viewing data. Complete evaluations compliant to laws and rating methods are done in the Analysis & Report area.


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2.3 Analysis and Report Generation

The execution of a test evaluation in general needs some single steps:

• Selection of tests (see chapter 2.1) • Selection of evaluation functions (macros) • Configuration of evaluations • Evaluation and report • Output

Test selection can be done as described in chapter 2.1. If multiple tests are chosen, these either can be evaluated one by one or in a comparative way.

Functional areas for analysis and reporting

Analysis & Report

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Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 110.50 ms Max(-) = -0.01


kN t = 110.50 ms

Max(+) = 0.44

Euro NCAP

kN t = 38.90 ms

Max(-) = -0.01 kN t = 215.15

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Test Selection

Data Viewing

QuickView

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QuickCalc

Macro Selection

Parameterization

Analysis

Report

Results


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2.3.1 Selecting Evaluation Functions

The various evaluation functions are represented by a set of individual macros. Each macro covers a part of an evaluation that’s specified by legal requirements or e.g. consumer ratings. To execute an evaluation that's compliant to a certain law one normally needs a set of single macros. X-Crash offers all macros that are available in a structured tree control. Within this tree macros are grouped by sequences, which in general bundle all macros necessary for a certain analysis. The structure and the content of this tree can be configured by the user, so it's quite easy to integrate own macros or to create new sequences with different macro content. Normally one will just drag one of the prepared sequences to the right side of the dialog, where the currently selected macros are listed. Of course one can individually add ore remove single macros if necessary.

Via a popup menu the user gets information about the different evaluation methods and can access their parameters.

Tree structure of available macros and sequences

Currently selected macros

sequence

macro


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2.3.2 Configuring Evaluations

An evaluation can be influenced by various parameters, e.g. for the order of evalua-tion and channel search, time intervals for calculation and display, parameters for returning and saving results and for displaying graphics. Additionally one can activate breakpoints that interrupt the execution of an evaluation in order to set special pa-rameters for different evaluation steps. Settings for evaluation control

• Evaluation mode (analysis of single data sets or comparative analysis) • Time intervals for calculation and graphics

Configuring Evaluations Breakpoints

• Breakpoints to configure a specific evaluation • Breakpoints after each graphic • Breakpoints when results are returned

Settings for graphics display

• Graphics display language • Print parameters • Graphic export as WMF, EMF, JPEG, PDF


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Settings to save results

• Saving calculated channels • Saving calculated single values

Special settings controlled by user defined switches

• Modify layouts depending on customer, e.g. for different company logos • Select different layout sets • Modify graph parameters • …

2.3.2.1 Single Evaluation / Comparative Evaluation X-Crash offers two different ways to evaluate multiple tests:

• Evaluation as single data sets • Comparative evaluation.

The single evaluation will process one data set after the other. The results can either be written to separate documents or can be collected in one result document. The comparative analysis looks for comparable channels in all selected tests and then analyses these channels corresponding to the selected evaluation method. The results then are displayed in comparative graphs and tables. Comparisons can be done “1:1” (e.g. series of tests) or e.g. “left/right” (tests with different impact directions or steering side). The last mentioned mode automatically inverts the sign of one test so that the graphics can be compared. The VBS evaluation macros of X-Crash are already enabled to process single evaluation as well as comparative evaluation. This is due to the use of X-Crash' VBS-Library which supports this functionality and thus allows to easily create own macros which make full use of the abilities of X-Crash. Using 'old' evaluation macros from the former CrashBase system is possible too, but these macros usually do not support the comparative feature.

2.3.3 Report

After finishing an evaluation all graphics that are created by the evaluation macros are listed on the "Report" tab of the main dialog. These graphics may be reviewed by selecting graphics from this list or – after closing the main dialog box – via a menu bar.

The result pages (tables, graphics) are automatically sorted depending on the sorting order configured by the user (e.g. cover sheet first, then table of contents, occupant result overview, occupant graphs, and vehicle graphs).

The table of contents is added automatically to the graphic list. All listed or selected graphics can be printed in a report file (e.g. PDF or PowerPoint). The table of contents and the page count on the graphics are dynamically adjusted to the cur-rently selected pages.


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If errors occurred during evaluation (e.g. because of wrong polarity of a channel), the related result pages can selectively be replaced by an updated evaluation (without having to rerun the entire analysis). And it is also possible to add graphs by starting additional evaluation macros.

Report – List of the Results Graphics

X-C

rash - Analysis M

acros

Seite 18 / 31

measX GmbH & Co.KG . Trompeterallee 110 . 41189 Mönchengladbach . FAX 02166-9520-20 . http://www.measx.com

R

eport examples


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2.3.4 Viewing Results

For each test listed in the test selection box one can directly recall its test results via a popup menu. The results are shown in a dialog box with a tree control to select the object of the test (object, position, part of dummy) and on the right side with a table containing the corresponding results. The amount of results that are displayed can be influenced by the tree control and by various filter functions (result type, value type, and dimension). Additionally the list can be sorted by different criteria. All result values can be exported to MS Excel with one key stroke.

Result Viewing (with filter and sort functions)


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2.4 Management

2.4.1 Software Configuration

The configuration area of X-Crash allows to set different system parameters as well as user specific parameters. This area also contains a user management that allows saving user specific parameter sets or even controls the user interface (availability of functions) in a user dependant manner.

2.4.2 Register Tests and Data Import

Database version only! (see chapter 3.2.1.2 VSAS Database System) When using the database based system there's a need to first register newly created test data in the database. Only after this procedure X-Crash can store related results in the database. The test data itself is managed as DIAdem data files. Other formats have to be im-ported first. Currently included is the support of the following formats:

• ISO/EGV • ISO-MME

For other file formats measX can create import functions by request (see chapter 3.1 Additional Modules and Functions). The registration process of data sets can be combined with a customer specific script (e.g. to convert, copy or archive the data).


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3 Options and Customizing

3.1 Additional Modules and Functions

Using the base program X-Frame one can easily tailor the user interface of the evaluation system to customer requirements or expand it. The same applies to the functions of the system. The following chapters describe some of these possibilities. Note: Adding evaluation functions (macros) to the analysis area is not described here because this can quite easily be done via the user interface of X-Crash.

3.1.1 QuickLook – Additional Functions

One can add more functions to the data viewing module QuickView, and modify ex-isting functions.

3.1.2 QuickEdit – Additional Functions

One can add more functions to the data editing module QuickEdit, and modify exist-ing functions.

3.1.3 QuickCalc – Module for Manual Calculation

The QuickCalc module is an extension to QuickView and QuickEdit. The calculation functions calculate new channels or result values comfortably and quickly. The module is delivered with some example functions and is intentionally open for the implementation of customer specific extensions.

Examples included are:

Channel Calculations Crash Criteria Calculations Resultant HIC (Head Injury Criterion) Sum NIC (Neck Injury Criterion) Difference Nij (Normalized Neck Injury Criterion) Integration VC (Viscous Criterion) Differentiation TTI (Thorax Trauma Index) Filtering (new channels) FFC (Femur Force Criterion) Formula TI (Tibia Index) X-ms X-g


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3.1.4 Module for Database Maintenance

Database version only! (see chapter 3.2.1.2 VSAS Database System) A module for database maintenance can be added on customer's request. The mod-ule can provide for example the following functions:

• Addition of new test types • Addition of new result types • Comparison with ISO 13499 database (MS Access) • Selective deletion of result values

3.1.5 Exporting results

One can select tests to view result values in tables. The result values can be ex-ported to an MS Excel file. The export can be adapted to customer requirements and other file formats can be supported.

3.1.6 Layout-Controlled Evaluation

The layout controlled evaluation is an additional way to easily create layout driven methods to display measured and calculated channels as well as result values. All that has to be done is to define DIAdem REPORT layouts (LPD/TDR) even by using search code (for example, ??HEAD0000AC?A) for the channels to display. Using search code would display all related channels sequentially. The layouts can then be registered as 'graphic macro' via the user interface and than can be used like any other macro as part of an evaluation. If used, X-Crash will automatically analyze the layout and look for adequate channels and result values to display.


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3.2 System options and background information

3.2.1 Data Management Options

There are two types of systems available: a file-based system and a database sys-tem (VSAS database). The database based system uses – like the predecessor software CrashBase – the database specification (VSAS) that has been defined by the German working group MDVFS3. Other database formats (e.g. the ASAM-ODS based VSIM specification) can be re-alized by request.

3.2.1.1 File-Based System The file-based system manages test data files in an hierarchical directory structure. Result data are stored in files as well. The result files are saved as INI files in the same directory as the test data. Test selection is done via a data navigator (see chapter 2.1 Test Selection). Administration of evaluation macros is organized in an INI file as well. Also all system parameters and the system status are saved in files.

3.2.1.2 VSAS Database System This system is based on the VSAS database defined by the German work group MDVFS. This database manages different type of data like test data and evaluation methods, calculation results, test types and channel coding elements. X-Crash connects to the database via ADO.

Tests that are not registered in the database can be accessed and evaluated in par-allel. In this case tests are selected using the data navigator again. Calculation results cannot be saved in the database because they are not registered. They are saved in a file like in the file-based system.

3.2.2 Analysis Options

The evaluation system supports different types of evaluation macros: CrashBase Macros (AUT)

The evaluation system supports CrashBase evaluation macros (AUT). Therefore former CrashBase users can continue to use their evaluation macros with full func-tionality. This means an easy changeover to the X-Crash system and also means protecting those who have made considerable investments in the existing evaluation functionality.

3 MDVFS: "Arbeitskreis Messdatenverarbeitung Fahrzeugsicherheit' (“Data Acquisition Vehicle Safety”)


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Customized VBS Macros

The recommended and standard format of evaluation scripts within X-Crash is based on VBS and an extensive VBS library especially for X-Crash.

The macro concept supports basic evaluation functionality for crash analysis as well as channel management by channel coding and automatically executing comparative analysis if required. This way the macros itself don't need a lot of coding and can be maintained centrally.

The VBS library allows easy creating of new or customized evaluation macros (if the delivered evaluation functionality is not sufficient).

Because customized macros can use the functionality of existing macros as well as the library functions it is quite easy to create such extensions of the system. One only has to implement those parts that differ from the standard and for the rest still uses standard functions of the system. This concept implies another big advantage of the system – even customized evaluations can easily be updated with future versions of X-Crash and automatically benefit from any enhancements.

However, one can also integrate other VBS macros that do not use these VBS li-braries (such as existing macros one has already programmed yourself). There are just some interface guidelines to obey in order to integrate such macros. Layout-Controlled Macros (LPD/TDR)

The layout controlled evaluation is an additional way to easily create layout driven methods to display measured and calculated channels as well as result values. All that has to be done is to define a DIAdem REPORT layout (LPD/TDR) even by using search code (for example, ??HEAD0000AC?A) for the channels to display. Using search code would display all related channels sequentially.

The layouts can then be registered as 'graphic macro' via the user interface and then can be used like any other macro as part of an evaluation. If used, X-Crash will automatically analyze the layout and look for matching channels and result values to display.

Customer Macro

Standard Macro

Customer Library

Standard Library


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3.3 Software Design

X-Crash is based on National Instruments´ DIAdem® and X-Frame, which is measX´s software platform for analysis systems. These two components provide all basic functionality like data access, creating of graphs, interactive data viewing, a user in-terface, user and rights management, etc.

Shell model of X-Crash The X-Crash application shell additionally includes all crash specific functionality such as a

• crash specific user interface • crash specific functions for viewing, editing • management and execution of evaluations • creating reports and documentation • channel management and channel coding • support of comparative analysis • ...

This shell represents the visible part of the application and guides the user more or less automatically through his daily work.

Customer Extensions

X-Crash

• User Interface

• Standard Functions

Data Viewing

Analysis

X-Frame DIAdem

measX´s basis application platform with an architecture open for customer extensions

National Instruments´s reliable standard software

X-Crash A ready to use solution for crash specialists

Extendable using DIAdem customizing features (VBS and SUD dialogs)


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The last shell in the drawing with ‘Customer Extensions’ is optional. This shell can be used if the customer needs extensions that are not covered by the standard system. Both X-Frame and X-Crash are developed by using DIAdem programming features, i.e. using Visual Basic Script (VBS), SUD-dialogs (“Scriptable User Dialog”) and DLL´s for basic functions.

3.4 System Requirements

To operate the evaluation system, you need a computer that can run DIAdem. X-Crash at least needs the DIAdem "Base Edition" (Version 8.1 or 9.1). If one addi-tionally wants to use DIAdem's crash functionality directly (via the DIAdem user in-terface) and if one wants to use DIAdem's macro editor the DIAdem "Advanced Edi-tion" and the "Crash Toolkit" are required. Recommended operating systems are Windows 2000 or XP. For the database sys-tem Windows NT is not qualified.


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4 Addendum – available macros

Attention! This list of available macros is continuously maintained and adapted to actual legal requirements and guidelines. If you miss a special evaluation method, please ask measX about the actual planning.

4 Addendum – available macros ------------------------ ----------------------------27

4.1 General Analysis Macros------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 28 4.1.1 Passenger -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 4.1.2 Vehicle------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 4.1.3 Others-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28

4.2 Frontal Impact----------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.2.1 FMVSS 208 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 4.2.2 FMVSS 208 Low Risk------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 4.2.3 US NCAP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.2.4 EuroNCAP 4.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.2.5 ECE R94 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 4.2.6 ADR 69/00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 4.2.7 IIHS----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 4.2.8 SAE PT-44-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30

4.3 Side Impact ------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------- 30 4.3.1 FMVSS 214 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 4.3.2 ECE R95 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 4.3.3 EuroNCAP 4.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 4.3.4 IIHS----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

4.4 Sled Tests ------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 31 4.4.1 ECE R16 - Safety Belts---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 4.4.2 ECE R44 - Child Safety --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 4.4.3 ECE R80 – Seats in Busses --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

4.5 Miscellaneous----------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- 31


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4.1 General Analysis Macros

4.1.1 Passenger

Head.aut Head accelerations and HIC calculation Neck_Up.aut Upper neck forces and moments Neck_Low.aut Lower neck forces and moments Shoulder.aut Shoulder acceleration, force, deflection Chest_AC.aut Chest accelerations Chest_DS.aut Chest deflections Thor_ds.aut Rib deflections Thoracl.aut Rib accelerations and TTI calculation (left) Thoracr.aut Rib accelerations and TTI calculation (right) Spine.aut Spine accelerations ThrSpine.aut Thoracic spine forces and moments Sacrum.aut Sacrum accelerations Abdomen.aut Abdomen forces Pelvis.aut Pelvis accelerations Pubic.aut Pubic force Femur.aut Femur forces Z direction Clevis.aut Clevis forces Slider.aut Knee-Slider displacement Tibia.aut Tibia forces and moments TibiaCk.aut Tibia-Index check Foot.aut Foot accelerations

4.1.2 Vehicle

Airbag.aut Airbag pressure Battery.aut Battery voltage BPdis.aut B-Pillar displacement BPil_AC.aut B-Pillar acceleration Seat.aut Seat accelerations Tunnel.aut Tunnel accelerations

4.1.3 Others

AVS.aut Acceleration – Velocity - Displacement View_Chn.aut View all channels (1 channel per page) Compare.aut Comparative analysis GraphList.aut List of all graphics Remain.aut Analysis of remaining channels (analyses all

channels not analyzed yet)


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4.2 Frontal Impact

4.2.1 FMVSS 208

F208Head.aut Head F208Neck.aut Neck F208ChAC.aut Chest accelerations F208ChDS.aut Chest deflections F208Femr.aut Femur F208Sled.aut Sled F208Res.aut Result overview

4.2.2 FMVSS 208 Low Risk

F208Head_LowRisk.aut Head F208Neck_LowRisk.aut Neck F208ChAC_LowRisk.aut Chest accelerations F208ChDS_LowRisk.aut Chest deflections F208Femr_LowRisk.aut Femur

4.2.3 US NCAP

NCAP.aut Head and chest evaluation

4.2.4 EuroNCAP 4.0

EuroNCAP_FrHead.aut Head EuroNCAP_FrNeck.aut Neck EuroNCAP_FrChest.aut Chest EuroNCAP_FrFemur.aut Femur EuroNCAP_FrKnee.aut Knee EuroNCAP_FrTibia.aut Tibia EuroNCAP_FrResult.aut Result overview

4.2.5 ECE R94

ER94Head.aut Head ER94Neck.aut Neck ER94Ch_A.aut Chest accelerations ER94Ch_D.aut Chest deflections ER94Femr.aut Femur ER94Tibi.aut Tibia ER94Slid.aut Knee slider ER94Res.aut Result overview


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4.2.6 ADR 69/00

AD69Head.aut Head AD69Neck.aut Neck AD69ChAC.aut Chest accelerations AD69ChDS.aut Chest deflections AD69Femr.aut Femur AD69Res.aut Result overview

4.2.7 IIHS

Work in progress

4.2.8 SAE PT-44

PT44_Neck.aut Neck forces, duration with limit check PT44_Femur.aut Femur force, duration with limit check

4.3 Side Impact

4.3.1 FMVSS 214

FMVSS214l.aut Ribs, spine and pelvis accelerations, TTI (left) FMVSS214r.aut Ribs, spine and pelvis accelerations, TTI (right) F214Res.aut Result overview

4.3.2 ECE R95

ER95Head.aut Head ER95Thor.aut Thorax ER95Abdo.aut Abdomen Er95Pelv.aut Pelvis ER95Res.aut Result overview

4.3.3 EuroNCAP 4.0

EuroNCAP_SdHead.aut Head EuroNCAP_SdShoulder.aut Shoulder EuroNCAP_SdChest.aut Chest EuroNCAP_SdRibs.aut Ribs EuroNCAP_SdSpine.aut Spine EuroNCAP_SdBackplate.aut Backplate EuroNCAP_SdAbdomen.aut Abdomen EuroNCAP_SdPelvis.aut Pelvis EuroNCAP_SdPubic.aut Pubic EuroNCAP_SdFemur.aut Femur EuroNCAP_SdResult.aut Result overview


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4.3.4 IIHS

IIHS_S2_Head.aut Head IIHS_S2_Neck.aut Neck IIHS_S2_Shoulder.aut Shoulder IIHS_S2_Thorax.aut Thorax IIHS_S2_Spine.aut Spine IIHS_S2_Abdomen.aut Abdomen IIHS_S2_Pelvis.aut Pelvis IIHS_S2_Femur.aut Femur IIHS_S2_Result.aut Result overview

4.4 Sled Tests

4.4.1 ECE R16 - Safety Belts

ER16Belt.aut Belt evaluation ER16Savs.aut Sled AVS ER16Sled.aut Sled accaleration corridor evluation ER16Res.aut Result overview

4.4.2 ECE R44 - Child Safety

ER44Head.aut Head ER44Ch_A.aut Chest accelerations ER44Sled.aut Sled ER44Res.aut Result overview

4.4.3 ECE R80 – Seats in Busses

ER80H2He.aut Head ER80H2CA.aut Chest accelerations ER80H2Fe.aut Femur ER80Res.aut Result overview

4.5 Miscellaneous

Other analysis macros like barrier or event evaluations on request.

Documents

X Crash Technical Description