World Missile Chart - Count

This table represents the Carnegie Non-Proliferation Project’s best assessment of the world's ballistic missilearsenals.The Project counts 35 nations as fielding some type of ballistic missile. Missiles reported to be in developmentare listed in italics.Endnotes and a key are provided below. 1

COUNTRYSYSTEM

NAMESTATUS RANGE

(KM)PAYLOAD

(KG)ORIGIN NOTES

Afghanistan Scud-B O 300 1,000USSR Operational status

questionable.

Argentina Alacran O 150 400Domestic

Armenia 2 Scud-B O 300 1,000Russia

Azerbaijan Scud-B O 300 1,000USSR

Bahrain MGM-140(ATACMS)

P 165 560USA

Belarus SS-21 O 120 480USSR

Scud-B O 300 1,000USSR

Bulgaria 3 Scud-B O 300 1,000USSR

SS-23 O 500 450USSR Prohibited by INF

Treaty. 4

China CSS-8 O 230 I Two stage, firstsolid, secondliquid.Road-mobile.

CSS-X-7 O 300 500 I Solid fuelled.Road-mobile.

World Missile Chart - Countries Possessing Ballistic Missiles http://www.carnegieendowment.org/npp/resources/ballisticmissilechart.htm

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CSS-6 O 600 500 I Solid fuelled.Road-mobile.

For China's other ballistic missiles, visit China's Nuclear Numbers.

Congo Scud-B O? 300 1,000Iran

According to press

reports. 5

Egypt Scud-B O/U 300 1,000USSR/DPRK

Project T O 450 1,000I/DPRK Improved Scud.

Scud-C O 500 600DPRK

Vector D 685 ?I/DPRK Initial project (with

Argentina, Iraq) bythis nameterminated. Somework continueswith North Korea?

France For France's ballistic missiles, visit France's Nuclear Numbers.

Georgia Scud-B O 300 1,000USSR

Greece MGM-140(ATACMS)

O 165 560USA

India Prithvi-150 O 150 1,000I/USSR From Russian

SA-2. Armymissile.

Tested on March26, 2003 on thesame day asPakistan testedAbdali missilesystem. 29

Last tested onApril 29, 2003 froma site in easternOrissa state. Adefense ministryspokesmandeemed itsuccessful. Thisversion of themissile has "thelatest on-boardcomputer andnavigation systemand can use bothsolid and liquidpropellant." 31

Prithvi-250 O 250 500I/USSR From Russian

SA-2. Air Forcemissile.


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Dhanush D/O? 250 500I From Prithvi. Last

tested September2001. India says itwill soon be"operationalized" 6

Bramhos D? 300? 225? I/Russia Launched fromeither ships oraircraft.

Sagarika 7 D? 250-350? 500?I From Prithvi.

Prithvi-350 D 350 500I/USSR From Russian

SA-2.

Agni-I T 600-750 1,000I/US/France From Scout;

tested 18 February1994.

Tested on January25 2002.

Last tested onJanuary 9, 2003.To be fired fromroad-based orrail-based mobilelaunchers. 27

Agni-II O/P 2,000/2,500 1,000I/US/France Last tested

January 2001;India says missilelimited productionhas begun 8

Agni-III D 3,000 ? I

Surya 9 D? 3250+? ?I From Polar

Satellite LaunchVehicle andAgni-2.

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COUNTRYSYSTEM

NAMESTATUS RANGE

(KM)PAYLOAD

(KG)ORIGIN NOTES

Iran 10

M-7 (CSS-8) O 150 190 PRCModified SA-2.

Scud-B O/U 300 1,000 N.Korea/Domesticproduction

Scud-C O 500 600 -700 DPRK

Shahab III T /D? 1,300 800-1000? I/DPRK/RussiaFrom Nodong.U.S. intelligencesays Iran has a


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"small number... available foruse in aconflict."

Tested in May2002. 24

Failed test inJuly 2002. 25

Successfullytested in July2003. This testwas the first ofeight tests tosuccessfullyachieve therange of1300km. Israeliintelligenceindicated thatthe missile waspowered by aNorth Koreanliquid-fuelengine. 32

Shahab IV D 2,000 ? I/RussiaFrom RussianSS-4?

Shahab V 11 D? 3,000-5,500? ? I/Russia

Iraq Al Samoud D 150 200 ILiquid-fuelmissile. FromScud B. 12

Ababil-100D 150 200 I

Solid-fuelmissile fromScud B.

Al Hussein Hidden? 650 500 IFrom Scud B.

Israel Lance O/S 130 450 US

Jericho I O 500 1,000 France Road-mobile.

Jericho II O 1,500 1,000 France/I Road-mobile.

Jericho III D 2,500 1,000? I

KazakhstanScud-B O 300 1,000 USSR

Tochka-U(modifiedSS-21)

O 120 480 USSR


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Libya Scud-B O/U 300 1,000 USSROperationalstatusquestionable.

Al Fatah 13 D/T 950? 500 I/?

NorthKorea

Scud-B O/P 300 1,000 USSR

Scud-C Variant O/P 500 600-700 I

Nodong D/T 1,300 700-1,000 ISingle-stage,liquid fuelmissile. TestedMay 1993.

Taepodong I T 1,500-2,000 1,000 ICombinedNodong andScud; tested 31

August 1998. 14

Taepodong II D 3,500-5,500 1,000 I

Pakistan Hatf I O 80 500 I

Hatf II/Abdali 15 O 180 500 I/PRC?First test-fired in2002.

Last tested onMarch 26, 2002on the same dayas India's Prithvitest. 30

Hatf III/Ghaznavi/M-11

O 290 500 I/PRC2001 NIE liststhe Hatf III to bean M-11. May2002 testrevealed a 280km range.

Tested onOctober 3, 2003.

Shaheen I P/O 700/750 500 I/PRC?M-9 derivative?Tested April1999. Solid fuelmissile.Pakistanannounced"serialproduction" ofmissile October2000.

Tested again inOctober 2002.23

Tested onOctober 7,2003.


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Ghauri I/HatfV/Nodong O 1,300 500-750 I/DPRK

2001 NIE liststhe Ghauri to bea Nodong;tested 6 April1998. 16 Lasttested May 2002

January 8, 2003Handed over toPakistan's armyfrom researchfacility. 28

Ghauri II D/T 2,000? 700 I/DPRKFrom Nodong;tested April1999.

Shaheen II 17 D/P 2,000/2,500 1,000? I/DPRK?Road mobile,two-stageweapondisplayed inMarch 2000parade.

Ghauri III D/T 2,700-3,500 ? I/DPRKEngines tested23 July 1999 and29 September1999. 18

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COUNTRYSYSTEM

NAMESTATUS RANGE

(KM)PAYLOAD

(KG)ORIGIN NOTES

Russia Scud B (SS-1cMod 1)

O 300 1,000 I Liquid fuel.

SS-21 O 100-120 I Solid fuel.

SS-X-26 O 300 I Solid fuel.

Iskander-E O 275 I For export. Solidfuel.

For Russia's nuclear-capable ballistic missiles, visit Russia's Nuclear Numbers.

Saudi ArabiaDong Feng-3(CSS-2)

O 2,6002,150

PRC

Purchased fromChina in 1987.

Slovakia SS-21 O 100-120 480 USSR

Scud B O 300 1,000 USSR

South Korea Nike-Hercules-1 O 180 300 US/IModified SAM.


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Nike-Hercules-2 D 250 500 US/I Modified SAM;Tested at reducedrange.

MGM-140(ATACMS) O

165/300 560 US Currently fieldsBlock I. Contractfor Block IA saleapproved, willreceive fullshipment in 2004.

? D/T 300 500 IThis yet unnamedmissile was testedon November 22,2001. 19

Syria SS-21 O 120 480 USSRTransferred 1983.

Scud-B O 300 1,000 USSR

Scud-C 20 O 500 600 DPRK

IRAN

Tested September2000.

Syria prepared tobegin productionof a new extendedversion of theScud-C. With theassembly line forthe weaponcomplete, Syria isexpected to becapable ofproducing 30missiles annually.26

Scud-D 21 T600-700 ? DPRK

Tested September2000.

Taiwan Ching Feng O 130 270 I/Israel?From Lance.

Tien Chi 22 D 300 500 IModified SAM.

Turkey MGM-140(ATACMS)

O 165 560 USA

Turkmenistan Scud-B O 300 1,000 USSR

Ukraine SS-21 O 120 480 USSR

Scud-B O 300 1,000 USSR

United ArabEmirates Scud-B

O 300 1,000 Russia?


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UnitedKingdom

For the United Kingdom's ballistic missiles, visit United Kingdom Nuclear Numbers.

United States MGM-140(ATACMS)

O 165 560 I

For the United States' nuclear-capable ballistic missiles, see United States Nuclear Numbers.

Vietnam Scud-B O 300 1,000

Yemen SS-21 O 100-120 480 USSRTransferred 1988.

Scud-B O/U300

1,000 USSR Transferred toSouth Yemen in1979.

Scud (unknown)DPRK 12-15 Scuds

intercepted bySpanish Military inthe Arabian Seaen route to Yemenfrom North Korea

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Status

D: in Development

O: Operational

P: in Production

S: in Storage

T: Tested

U: Used

RANGE

SRBM Short-range ballistic missile (<1,000 km)

MRBM Medium-range ballistic missile (1,000-3,000 km)

IRBM Intermediate-range ballistic missile (3,000-5,500 km)


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Origin

I: Indigenous

Notes

INF Treaty: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty

SAM: Surface-to-air missile

News:

Agni, Prithvi Will be Inducted Soon - Two variants of the Agni group of ballistic missiles and the IAF andNavy versions of the tactical Prithvi missile are in the process of being inducted into the armed forces,according to Defense Secretary George Fernandes. While the Pakistan-specific, 700 to 800-km range Agni-Iand 2,000-km-plus Agni II are now being inducted, officials say India also plans to test-fire the China-specific, 3,000-km-plus Agni-III by year end. Additionally, Fernandes said that India had undertaken 20 testflights of seven types of missiles from January 1 to June 30 of this year. The Times of India, 31 July 2003 .

Endnotes

1. Principle sources for this table include: National Air Intelligence Center, Ballistic and Cruise Missile Threat (National Air Intelligence Center, Wright-Patterson AirForce Base, September 2000); International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), "Ballistic and Cruise Missiles," The Military Balance 1999-2000 (London: OxfordUniversity Press, 1999), pp. 309-11; National Intelligence Council, Foreign Missile Developments and the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States Through 2015,Unclassified National Intelligence Estimate, September 1999; US Department of Defense (DOD), Proliferation: Threat and Response (Washington, DC: GPO,November 1997); Center for Defense and International Security Studies, "Ballistic Missile Capabilities by Country,"; and Tracking Nuclear Proliferation: A Guide inMaps and Charts, 1998 (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1998). Information of China's missile capabilities also draws on the 1999Report of the Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China (also known as the "Cox report").

2. Russia is thought to have shipped 8 Scud launchers and 24 missiles to Armenia between 1992 and 1995. See Nikolai Novichkov, "Russia Details IllegalDeliveries to Armenia," Jane's Defence Weekly, 16 April 1997, p. 15.

3. Bulgaria and the United States have signed an agreement in May 2002 which commits Bulgaria to destroy its short- and medium-range missile stockpiles. Thedestruction of Soviet-designed SS-23, Scud, and FROGs will be financed through the U.S. Department of State. "Bulgaria Agrees to U.S. Request to DestroyMissiles" AFP, 31 May 2002.

4. IISS lists 8 SS-23 launchers in Bulgaria, despite prohibition of SS-23 missiles by the INF Treaty.

5. Iran reportedly delivered Scud-B and Scud-C missiles to the Democratic Republic of Congo in November 1999. See "DRC Receives Iranian 'Scud' Missiles,"Jane's Defence Weekly, 1 December 1999, p. 5; and Bill Gertz, "Tehran Sold Scud Missiles to Congolese," Washington Times, 22 November 1999.

6. The Dhanush is the naval version of the Prithvi series."Dhanush Missile Test-Fired" Times of India, September 21, 2001

7. The Indian government first acknowledged the existence of the Sagarika in October 1998, identifying it as a 250-350 kilometer sea-launched cruise missilederived from the Prithvi. Other sources maintained that the Sagarika program also contained a ballistic missile division. The intended range and role of theDhanush, however, suggest that it may in fact be the new name for the Sagarika ballistic missile program. See Rahul Bedi, "India Confirms Plans for Improved Agniand Naval Cruise Missile," Jane's Missiles and Rockets, October 1998; "In Search of the Real Sagarika," Jane's Intelligence Review, July 1998; and T.S. GopiRethinaraj, "Navalised Prithvi Causes Confusion," Jane's Intelligence Review, January 1999.

8. The Agni-2 test missile traveled over 1,250 kilometers in an April 1999 test. It was successfully tested (apparently in its final configuration) a second time on 17January 2001, reportedly to a length of approximately 2,000 kilometers following its firing from a mobile launcher. It is a road-mobile, two-stage missile with a "solidpropulsion booster and liquid propulsion upper state" ("Agni-II Testfired in Final Configuration," Times of India, 17 January 2001). In a March 7, 2000 letter to


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Parliament Defense Minister George Fernandes wrote that the Agni-2 had "achieved operationalization stage ... The government has decided to induct the missilesystem based on security needs" ("Indian Missile Set For Production," International Herald Tribune, 8 March 2001). On May 31, 2001, The Times of India reportedthat the government approved the induction of the Agni-2 in 2001-2002 and the development of a longer range missile. In June of 2001, India announced it hadbegun limited production of the Agni II and that it would be under the control of the Army ( Rahul Bedi, "Indian Army Will Control Agni II" Jane's Defence Weekly"August 22, 2001, p. 15).

9. Estimates of the range of this new missile vary widely. The National Air Intelligence Center projects a range of 3250 kilometers, Indian scientists have claimed therange will exceed 5000 kilometers, and some Western analysts estimate 8,000-12,000 kilometers. See Vivek Raghunvanishi, "India to Develop Extensive NuclearMissile Arsenal," Defense News, 24 May 1999; Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis, Exploring U.S. Missile Defense Requirements in 2010: What Are the Policy andTechnology Challenges?, April 1997,; and David Tanks, "Ballistic Missiles in South Asia: Are ICBMs a Future Possibility?" Commission to Assess the BallisticMissile Threat to the United States, Appendix III: Unclassified Working Papers.

10. The DOD reported that Iran also produces a 200-km "Zelzal" missile and a 150-km "Nazeat" missile, which may be variations of its "Mushak" series. Iran hasalso tried to acquire a complete North Korean Nodong system and the Chinese M-9 and M-11 missiles.

11. Estimates of the range of this new IRBM are only speculative, drawing upon remarks by the Iranian Defense Minister, who identified the missile as the"Shahab-5". Kenneth Timmerman also suggested that Iran might be developing an IRBM (which he called the "Kosar") on July 13, 1999 during hearings on the IranNonproliferation Act of 1999. See Hearings of the Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics, US House Committee on Science, ; and Bill Gertz, "Tehran IncreasesRange on Missiles," Washington Times, 22 September 1999.

12. One intelligence report called the Al Samoud a "scaled down Scud." See "Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs," US Government White Paper No.3050, released February 17, 1998. While this missile has a range of about 150km (the maximum range allowed for Iraqi missiles by UN Security Councilresolutions), there are concerns that Iraq continues to devote resources to the Ababil and Al Samoud programs with the intention of quickly transferring theseresources back to missiles with longer ranges following the end of sanctions. These concerns are reiterated in the DoD's January 2001 "Proliferation: Threat andResponse": "the Al-Samoud is essentially a scaled-down SCUD ... We believe that the Al Samoud missile ... has an inherent potential to exceed the 150-km rangerestriction imposed under UNSCR 687." The report also registers similar concerns about the Ababil-100. The 2001 NIE noted that a December 2000 paradeshowcased the Al Samoud on new trasnporter-erector-launchers, and that it will, "be deployed soon."

13. Though intended to have a range of 950 kilometers, the Al Fatah has been successfully tested to only 200 kilometers. See Department of Defense Proliferation:Threat and Response 2001, p. 47-48. The CIA's Unclassified Report to Congress on the Acquisition of Technology Relating to Weapons of Mass Destruction andAdvanced Conventional Munitions, 1 January Through 30 June 2000 notes that "Libya's current capability remains limited to its aging Scud B missiles, but withcontinued foreign assistance it may achieve an MRBM capability-a long-desired goal." There are unconfirmed reports that Libya has attepmted to purchase longerrange missiles from North Korea (Scud-C and Nodong models have been mentioned).

14. The missile impacted 1,320 kilometers from the launch point. It attempted and failed to put a small satellite into orbit, demonstrating some progress in stagingtechnology.

15. The Hatf-2 was once thought to be a variant of the M-11 missiles transferred by China. The most recent test of this missile in May of 2002 revealed it to have asignificantly shorter range than the M-11. An alternative view supplyed by one analysis suggests that Pakistan developed the Hatf-2 based on French soundingrocket engines that it obtained. See S. Chandrashekar, "An Assessment of Pakistan's Missile Capability," Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems, March 1990, p. 4.

16. Pakistan claimed that the missile impacted 1,100 kilometers from its launch point. The Ghauri (liquid fuel) and Shaheen (solid fuel) projects are run by differentlaboratories.

17. See Atul Aneja, "Pakistan Begins Work on Shaheen-II," The Hindu, 27 September 1999. Proliferation: Threat and Response 2000 notes that Pakistani officialshave mentioned the Shaheen-II and Ghaznavi, but does not comment on the projects themselves.

18. See "Pakistan Tests Ghauri 3 Engine; Says New Shaheen Missile in Development," Current Missile News, Center for Defense and International SecurityStudies, 9 July 1999 ; "Pakistan Tests Ghauri III Engine," Jane's Defence Weekly, 13 October 1999, p. 6.

19. See "South Korea Launches Missile in Its First Test Since Last Year" New York Times, November 22, 2001.

20. The Jerusalem Post reported development of an advanced Syrian modification of the Scud-C (possibly the Scud-D tested September 2000?), but this reporthas not been confirmed by Western sources. See Arieh O'Sullivan, "Syrian Super Scud Ready Soon-Source," Jerusalem Post, 16 September 1999.

21. There is some debate regarding the origins of the 700 km Scud-D that Syria tested in September 2000. The term Scud-D generally refers to extended rangeScuds developed and exported by North Korea. According to U.S. and Israeli officials, the Syrian Scud-D is not a North Korean missile, but rather anextended-range Scud-C that Syria developed indigenously. This missile uses a motor similar to the Scud-C but has a larger fuselage that allows it to carry morefuel. Syria now may have serial production capability of this missile. See "Syria Preparing to Build Extended-Range 'Scud'" Jane's Defence Weekly, 19 June 2002.

22. This program was reportedly initiated in autumn 1995 and is based on the Sky Bow II SAM.

23. See "India Follows Pakistan In Test-Firing Missile." Washington Post, 5 October 2002, p.13


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24. See "Iran: Tehran Confirms Successful Shahab-3 Test." Global Security Newswire, 28 May 2002. Iranian Defense Minister, Ali Shamkhani, indicated that the testdid not signify the start of production or any increase in the missile's present range, 800-miles. He also suggested that Iran has no plans of developing a Shahab-4or Shahab-5.

25. See: "Shahab-3/Zelzal-3" GlobalSecurity.org. This failed test is thought to be the fourth or fifth flight test of the Shahab-3 missile, which was to be ready fordeployment by the end of 2002.

26. See: "Syria Preparing to Build Extended-Range 'Scud.'" Jane's Defence Weekly. By Steve Rodan. June 19, 2002.

27. See "India Successfully Test-Fires Agni-I Missile," Times of India Online. By Rajat Pandit. January 9, 2003

28. See "Pakistan Blasts Indian Missile Test." CNN News Online. January 9, 2003

29. See "India, Pakistan Trade Tit-for-Tat Missile Tests." Arms Control Today. By Rose Gordon. April 2003

30. See "India, Pakistan Test-Fire Missiles." PakTribune. March 27, 2003

31. See "India Test Fires Medium Range Prithvi Missile." Space Daily. April 29, 2003

32. See "Iran Successfully Tests Shahab III." Jane's Defence Weekly. July 9, 2003

Missile Types:

Ballistic missiles differ from military rockets, such as the widely proliferated FROG system, because theyhave guidance systems. Click here for a list of countries possessing FROGs. The development of accurateguidance systems remains one of the most challenging engineering obstacles facing states wishing toindigenously develop ballistic missiles. Only 11 nations have missiles with ranges over 1000 km; all the resthave only short-range, Scud-type missiles. Only 8 nations have been able to devleop nuclear weapons thatcould be fitted as warheads on these missiles.

Ballistic missiles are sometimes confused with cruise missiles. A ballistic missile is one whose payloadreaches its target by way of an initial powered boost and then a free flight along a high arcing trajectory. Partof the flight of longer-range ballistic missiles may occur outside the atmosphere and involve the "reentry" of awarhead or the missile. A cruise missile, as defined by the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, is "anunmanned, self-propelled vehicle that sustains flight through the use of aerodynamic lift over most of its flightpath." Such a missile may carry either a nuclear or conventional warhead (definitions are taken from an armscontrol glossary provided by the U.S. State Department). The U.S. National Air Intelligence Center furtherstipulates that cruise missiles are "usually categorized by intended mission and launch mode" e.g.anti-shipping cruise missile, land-attack cruise missile, air-launched cruise missile, submarine-launched cruisemissile. Click here for information on land-attack cruise missiles.

For more resources, please visit our pages devoted to Missile Proliferation and Missile Defenses.

We welcome your comments. If you are aware of information that could update this table, or of sources that could expand the information on this page, pleasee-mail the Project.

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World Missile Chart - Count