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World Intellectual
Property Organization
Using the Madrid System as a Strategic Tool for Business Success
Geneva, October 9, 2008
Federico Guicciardini Corsi SalviatiFederico Guicciardini Corsi Salviati
Officer-in-chargeOfficer-in-charge
Information and Promotion Division (IPD)Information and Promotion Division (IPD)
Sector of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical IndicationsSector of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications
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Introduction
• The WIPO-administered Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks offers a worldwide oriented route to trademark protection in multiple countries by filing a single application
• The system is governed by two treaties: The Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks (1891) and the Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement (operational since 1996)
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One System – Two Treaties
• Madrid Agreement (1891), latest revision of 1979
• Madrid Protocol (1989), operational since April 1, 1996, latest revision as from September 1, 2008
• Common Regulations and Administrative Instructions, latest revisions on January 1, 2008
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Objectives of the System
• Facilitates the international registration and administration of Marks in up to 84 Contracting Parties:– through a single administrative procedure– in a single language and currency– by centralizing the filing of applications– through central management of
registrations
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Criteria for Using the System
• Natural person or legal entity with a connection with a Country and/or with an intergovernmental organization which is a member of the Madrid System (referred to as Contracting Parties)
• A basic application or a basic registration in that given Contracting Party
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Accession to the System
• Any State which is a party to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property may become a party to the Agreement or the Protocol or both by depositing an instrument of accession
• An intergovernmental organization may also become a party to the Protocol (but not the Agreement), on certain conditions
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The Registration Procedure
• A basic registration and/or application is needed
• The international application is presented to WIPO by the Office of Origin
• Formalities carried out by WIPO• Role of Designated Contracting
Parties• Centralized management by WIPO
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International Registration Forms
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Examination by the DCP
• The Office of a designated CP examines the registration in exactly the same way as a national application
• Provisional refusal to be expressed within 12/18+ months
• Provisional refusal recorded in the WIPO Gazette and transmitted to the holder
• If no provisional refusal/withdrawal is expressed, the designated CP issues a grant of protection
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Effects of the Registration
• An international registration designating one or more Contracting Parties through the Madrid System is equivalent to a bundle of national registrations unless a provisional refusal is notified to WIPO within the relevant time limit (Protocol, Article 4)
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Dependence on the Basic Mark
• An IR remains dependent on the mark registered or applied for in the Office of origin for a period of five years from the date of registration
• After this period, the IR becomes independent of the basic registration or application
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Subsequent Designation
• A registration can be extended to CPs not covered by the international application by filing a subsequent designation
• This makes it possible to extend protection to new CPs which were not members of the System at the time of the initial application
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Changes in the International Register
Change in the name or address of the holder may be processed by WIPO, as well as:– Limitation of the list of goods and services
in respect of all or some of the designated CPs
– Renunciation in respect of some of the designated CPs for all the goods and services
– Cancellation of the IR in respect of all the designated CPs for all or some of the goods and services
– Licence granted in respect of all or some of the designated CPs for all or some of the goods and services
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Duration of Registration
• An international registration is effective 10 years and may be renewed for further periods of 10 years on payment of the prescribed fees
• The renewal is possible in respect of all the designated CPs or in respect of only some of them
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Effects for the Office of Origin
118 2213122249
6524 1374920273
8452 11623 20075
8471 12815 21286
9160 14088 23248
12036 14950 26986
14096 15119 29215
15600 16560 32160
0 4000 8000 12000 16000 20000 24000 28000 32000 36000
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Madrid National3-D Bar 3
Singapore 2000 – 2007No. of Applications Received
Courtesy Mr. L. Chan, IPOS
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The International Application Simulator
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Searching Procedure
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Information Required
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List of DCPs
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Calculation
CHF 8,622
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Results
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Conclusions
• Administrative efficiency and flexibility
• Overall management by WIPO (savings on costs)
• Business asset increasing commercial value of a company and its products
• Allowing right holders to target national, regional or global markets
• International protection with a minimum of formalities and expense
• Advantages for the Offices of Origin
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Madrid Union (84 Members)
Agreement only 7Protocol only 28
Agreement and Protocol 49(Including EC)
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Madrid Union Members (84)
4339
3225 22
18 16 14 13 11 11 9 7 7
1525 29 34 36 38 41 45 45 48 50 49
57
911
15 18 1820
21 22 23 24 28
37
2
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Agreement Agreement and Protocol Protocol
1996 - 2008
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International Registrations in Force
On June 30, 2008, the International Bureau of WIPO declared:
• Some 499,000 registrations in force• Some 5.5 million active designations• Some 164,000 different right holders (many
of them SMEs)• Average of 8.2 CPs in which protection is
required• As of June 2008, the International Bureau
received 20,946 applications, representing 6.8% increase over 2007
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Major User CPs (2007)
Country No. Filing Growth Share
Germany 6,090 7.5% 15.2%
France 3,930 6.1% 9.8%
US 3,741 18.8% 9.4%
EC 3,371 37.9% 8.4%
Italy 2,664 -9.9% 6.7%
Switzerland 2,657 7.7% 6.7%
Benelux 2,510 -4.9% 6.3%
China 1,444 8.7% 3.6%
UK 1,178 11.8% 2.9%
Australia 1,169 6.3% 2.9%
Austria 1,134 1.5% 2.8%
Japan 984 16.2% 2.5%
Russian Fed. 889 42.9% 2.2%
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Some Top Users (2007)
Henkel (DE); Janssen Pharmaceutica (BE); Novartis (CH); L'Oreal (FR); Unilever (NL); Société des Produits Nestlé (CH); Sanofi-Aventis (FR); Siemens Building Technologies Fire & Security Products (DE); BASF (DE); ITM Enterprises (FR); Bayer (DE); BIOFARMA (FR); Richter Gedeon (HU); Lidl Stiftung (DE); Kraft Foods (CH); Philips Electronics (NL); Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma (DE); Syngenta (CH); Ecolab (DE); Merck (DE); Fiat Auto Financial Services (IT); Deutsche Postbank (DE); Bongrain (FR); Hofer (AT); Lancome Parfums (FR); Plus Warenhandelsgesellschaft (DE); Migros (CH); DaimlerChrysler (DE); Wella (DE); MIP Metro (DE); Nycomed (DE); Renault (FR); Cognis (DE); Kodak (FR); Michelin (FR); Beiersdorf (DE); Akzo (NL); Sony (CH); Schering (DE); DSM (NL); Eckes (DE); Peugeot (FR); Pierre Fabre Médicament (FR); Citroën (FR); Gervais Danone (FR); KRKA (SI); Pierre Fabre (FR); Philip Morris (CH); Parfums Christina Dior (FR); Ferrero (IT); Volkswagen (DE); Groupe Auchan (FR); Alcon (CH); UCB Pharma (BE); Heraeus-Asalmaz-Katalysatoren (DE); BSH Bosh und Siemens Hausgeräte (DE), Reckitt Benckiser (NL); SEB (FR); Bayerische (DE); 3 SUISSES (FR); N.V. Organon (NL); Deutsche Telekom (de); Ciba (CH); OSRAM (DE); Zentiva (CZ); Intervet International (NL); Mülhens (DE); Chanel (FR); Reemstsma (DE); Bayer CropScience (FR); F. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE (CH); Accor (FR); Société d’Importation Leclerc (FR); Glaxo Group (GB); Clariant (CH); Hans Schwarzkopf & Henkel (DE); Solvay (BE); Avon Cosmetics (DE); Pirelli (IT); Buttress (NL); Otto (DE); Barilla (IT); Aldi (DE); Triumph International (DE); Intersnack Knabber-Gebäck (DE); Aventis Pharma (FR); Hoechst (DE); Sara Lee (NL); N.V. Internationale Drukkerij en Uitgeverij Keesing (BE); Beauté Créateurs (FR); Saint-Gobain Emballage (FR); Ceva Santé Animale (CH); Esso (CH); Grünenthal (DE); Laboratoire Garnier (FR); Richemont International (FR); Austria Telecommunication (AT); Bourjois (FR)
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Most Designated CPs (*) 2007
Office of Origin 2006 2007 Share Growth China 15,801 16,676 4.5% 5.5% Russian Federation 14,432 15,455 4.2% 7.1% United States of America 13,994 14,618 3.9% 4.5% Switzerland 14,260 14,528 3.9% 1.9% European Community 10,640 12,744 3.4% 19.8% Japan 11,844 12,296 3.3% 3.8% Australia 9,115 9,848 2.7% 8.0% Ukraine 9,057 9,751 2.6% 7.7% Turkey 8,958 9,377 2.5% 4.7% Norway 9,102 9,346 2.5% 2.7% Republic of Korea 8,334 8,988 2.4% 7.8% Germany 8,147 7,184 1.9% -11.8% Croatia 6,970 7,059 1.9% 1.3% Singapore 6,717 7,005 1.9% 4.3%
(*) In applications and subsequent designations
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No. of Designations per Registration
Madrid: Designations per Registration by June 2008
20.21%
11.59%4.27% 3.74% 1.56%
58.63%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
1-5 6-10 11-20 21-30 31-50 51-79
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Registrations 2003 - 2007
-5'000
-
5'000
10'000
15'000
20'000
25'000
30'000
35'000
40'000
45'000
IR 21'847 23'379 33'169 37'224 38'471
g -1.7% 7.0% 41.9% 12.2% 3.3%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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Renewals 2003 - 2007
-
2'000
4'000
6'000
8'000
10'000
12'000
14'000
16'000
18'000
20'000
R 6'637 7'345 7'496 15'205 17'478
g 10.2% 10.7% 2.1% 102.8% 14.9%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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Applications 2003 - 2007
0
5'000
10'000
15'000
20'000
25'000
30'000
35'000
40'000
45'000
IA 18'675 19'071 20'406 20'492 24'230 24'331 23'151 23'879 29'472 33'577 36'471 39'945
g -4.7% 2.1% 7.0% 0.4% 18.2% 0.4% -4.8% 3.1% 23.4% 13.9% 8.6% 9.5%
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
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Trademarks in Force (June 2008)
Trademarksby right-holder
1-2 marks3-10 marks11-100 marks101-500 marks> 500 marks
All
79.75%16.68%
3.38%0.18%0.02%
100.00%
131,41627,483
5,574294
25
164,792
Number ofright-holders
Right-holders(164,792)
Registrationsin force(499,230)
1-2 marks31.71%
11-100 marks26.75% 3-10 marks
25.5%
101-500 marks10.82%
> 500 marks5.22%
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Fees
• At June 30, 2008, applicants paid on average 3,656 CHF for an international registration
• 53% of international registrations are less than 3,000 CHF
• Average of 8.2 designations per each registration
• A Fee Calculator is available on WIPO Website
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The Madrid System Website
• The Madrid System• Filing Information• Madrid System Information Notices• Multimedia, Guides and Information
Material• Annual Statistics• Contacts• The SMEs Division of WIPO
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Information Products & Services
• Various legal texts and guides: paper material and on-line publication (free access)
• WIPO Gazette: paper and CD subscription, on-line free access
• Fee Calculator: on-line costing service (free access)
• Madrid Simulator: on-line help guide (free access)
• ROMARIN: on-line search database (free access) and DVD (subscription)
