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Slide 116th of September 2015Jan Grymlas, Robert Doering, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Thielecke
Enhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems in Future Aircraft
Workshop on Aeronautical Applications of Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Technologies
Slide 2Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
Hamburg University of Technology
Key Data of the Institute� Head: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Thielecke� 6 technical assistants� 24 research assistants (01.09.2015)� Research infrastructure, e.g. test rigs,
computing, test platforms, …
Germany
Hamburg
Located in Technology Center Hamburg-Finkenwerder� Forum of academic and industrial
cooperation
� Entry into service in 1994
Institute of Aircraft Systems Engineering
Slide 3Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
Contents
1 Motivation:Multifunctional Integration of Fuel Cells in Future Aircraft
2
3
4
5
Model-based Development:Multi-Stage Model Library
Control System Design and ValidationVirtual Integration and Scenario-based Testing
Diagnosis System DevelopmentSoftware Package SPYDER
Virtual Integration Platform VIPER
6 Contributions to a Joint Project
Slide 4Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
1. Motivation: Fuel Cells in Future Aircraft
Environmental & Economical Aspects
� Interdiction of the APU during ground operation at some airports → Additional costs for ground servicing and handling
� Fees for emissions at some airports
� Emissions trading for aviation
� Increasing fuel costs
Fuel Cell Technology
� No polluting emissions
� High efficiency
Multifunctional Integration
� Electrical power source for ground operation
� Emergency power supply during flight
� Fuel tank inerting
� Cargo bay fire suppression
Slide 5Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
1. Motivation: Multifunctional Operation of Fuel Cells
H2
AirE
xh
au
st
Coolant
H2
Tank
Cargo
Bay
Fuel
Tank
Cabin
Overboard
Cabin
Cabin
Inle
t
Overboard
Ove
rbo
ard
Ove
rbo
ard
Air
Coolant
H2
Air
FCS1
FCS2
Dryer
System
IMA
Interface to Components
Control &
Monitoring
� Substitution of the auxiliary power unit by two fuel cell systems
� Integration of exhaust conditioning system
� Control and monitoring functions on IMA platform
� Hierarchical structure of control andmonitoring system (Feedback) ControlStatecharts & Monitoring
Compressor 1
Pressure Valve 1
Shut-off Valves
Air Supply
1
Cockpit
Systems
Flight
Warning
System
Integrated
Control
Panels
Cockpit &
Display
Systems
Su
pe
rvis
ory
Ap
plic
atio
n
Aircraft
Power
Management
Compressor 2
Pressure Valve 2
Shut-off Valves
H2 Tank Heater
Recirc. Pump 1
Pressure Valve 1Hydrogen
Supply 1
Recirc. Pump 2
Pressure Valve 2
Coolant Pump 1
Mixing Valve 1
Cooling
System 1
Coolant Pump 2
Mixing Valve 2
FanVentilation
Cargo Diverter Valve
Power Management Power Electronics
Control Valve 2
Dryer
Fuel Tank
Inerting
Cooling
System 2
Air
Supply 2
Shut-off ValvesShut-off Valves
Hydrogen
Supply 2
Slide 6Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
2. Model-based Development: Enhanced V-Model
Component
DesignComponent
Tests
System
Integration
Real Imple-
mentation
Aircraft
Level
Require-
ments
System
Architecture
� Development process based on common V-Model
� Model-based design of system architecture
� Model-based design of software system (Control & Monitoring) embedded in V-Model
� Enhanced by virtual integration and scenario-based test approach
Slide 7Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
2. Model-based Development: Multi-Stage Model Library
Te
st
Seq
uen
ze
n
Te
st
Au
sw
ert
ung
� Stationary behavior fordesign point
� Utilization of behaviorparameters
Features of Model Stages
Stage 1
� Dynamic behavior for all operating points
� Consideration of failurecases
Stage 3
� Stationary behavior forany operating points
� Consideration ofcomponent geometries
Stage 2
System Validation Virtual IntegrationDesign&Optimization
Slide 8Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
3. Virtual Integration and Scenario-based Testing
(Feedback) ControlStatecharts & Monitoring
Compressor 1
Pressure Valve 1
Shut-off Valves
Air Supply
1
Cockpit
Systems
Flight
Warning
System
Integrated Control
Panels
Cockpit &
Display Systems
Superv
isory
Ap
plic
ation
Aircraft
Power
Management
Compressor 2
Pressure Valve 2
Shut-off Valves
H2 Tank Heater
Recirc. Pump 1
Pressure Valve 1Hydrogen
Supply 1
Recirc. Pump 2
Pressure Valve 2
Coolant Pump 1
Mixing Valve 1
Cooling
System 1
Coolant Pump 2
Mixing Valve 2
FanVentilation
Cargo Diverter Valve
Power Management Power Electronics
Control Valve 2
Dryer
Fuel Tank
Inerting
Cooling System 2
Air
Supply 2
Shut-off ValvesShut-off Valves
Hydrogen
Supply 2
Scenario-based Test Generation
Integrated Simulation of System with Control and Monitoring Functions
Agent-based Test Evaluation & Results
Library & Physical Modeling Approach
� Integration of Automation System in overall system simulation
� Automatic generation of test scenarios
� Analysis and evaluation of system behavior by Evaluation Agents
Slide 9Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
4. SPYDER - Software Package for SYstem Diagnosis EngineeRing
� Modeling of faults� Fault simulation and
effect evaluation� Fault indicators � Automatic creation of
FMEA
2. Indicator and Sensor Selection 3. Rule Generation
� Crisp Fault diagnosis rules� Fuzzy Fault diagnosis rules
� Fault-Indicator matrices� Optimal choice of sensors and
indicators
4. Configuration of Diagnosis Engines
� Data management� Generation of Fault
diagnosis-Modules� Automatic configuration of
diagnosis engine� Integration and test
1. Fault-Effect Modeling
Slide 10Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
5. Virtual Integration Platform VIPER: Concept
� Simulation and analysis of overall aircraft architectures including embedded software� Virtual integration of aircraft systems considering flight dynamics� Realtime control, simulation and visualization infrastructure
VisualizationSimulation, Test and
Evaluation InfrastructureVirtual Research
Aircraft
Slide 11Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
5. Virtual Integration Platform VIPER
Engineering Cockpit Simulator (ECOS)
Virtual Research Aircraft (ViRAC)
System Visualization
Slide 12Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
6. Contributions to a Joint Project
Design of Control and Monitoring Functions for Fuel Cell Systems�
Perform Scenario-based Integration Studies usingthe Virtual Integration Platform VIPER
�
MBSE: Model-based Development of Complex Fuel Cell Systems in Future Aircraft�
Design of Diagnosis Systems using Software Package SPYDER
�
Slide 13Jan Grymlas / Hamburg University of Technology – Institute of Aircraft Systems EngineeringEnhanced Model-based Development and Virtual Testing of Complex Fuel Cell Systems
Contact:Hamburg University of Technology
Institute of Aircraft Systems Engineering
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