Work Package 5 - ODYSSEE-MURE · 19%- motorbikes, 44%- other types (heavy quads, vans, etc.) 1,659 stations 4,547 recharging points. n Participation of Spanish companies in the development

Opportunity of DAFI to ensure a more efficient and sustainable transport in the EU, the Spanish case

Second meeting of the project “ODYSSEE-MURE, a decision support tool for energy efficiency policy evaluation”

22-23 June 2017, St Julians, Malta

SEWCU The Sustainable Energy and Water Conservation Unit

Work Package 5

“Opportunity of DAFI to ensure a more efficient and sustainable transport in the EU, the Spanish case ”

Pilar de Arriba SeguradoPlanning and Studies Department-IDAE

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92,0% 94,5%

8,0% 5,5%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

EU SpainAlternative fuels Oil products (LGP excl.)

Transport Sector Characterization

Key figures (2015):

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Spain EU

Transport Consumption/FEC (%) 41,6% 33,1%

Road Consumption (%) 80,3% 82%

Oil Consumption (%) 94,6% 94,5%

Energy Dependence (%) 72,7% 54%

Trade Balance (billion €) 27 <> 2.5 % GDP(40 <>3.8% GDP, 2014)

180.6 <> 1.2% GDP(337.9 <> 2.5% GDP, 2012)

GHG emissions 25% 23%

Using alternative fuels could cut €4,2 billion/year from the EU’s oil importbill by 2020, rising to €9,3 billion in 2030.

Alternative Fuels in Transport:

20,6%

11,3%

49,4%

18,7%

2,6%

16,9%

52,2%

28,3%

LGP NG RES Electricity

EU

Spain


DAFI Directive: Background

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(2014) Directive 2014/94/EU: Common frameworkof measures for the deployment of alternative fuelsinfrastructure in the UE in order to reduce oildependence and to mitigate the environmentalimpact of transport.

(2009) Directive 2009/28/CE: Establishes a target of

10% of RES consumption in transport by 2020.

(2010) 2020 Europe Strategy/2020 Climate &Energy Package: Shift towards a resource efficientand low carbon economy

(2011) Transport White Paper: Reduction of oildependence.

(2012) CARS 2020 Action Plan for a competitiveand sustainable automotive industry in Europe:Need for an appropriate refilling and recharginginfrastructure for alternative fuel vehicles

(2013) Clean Power for Transport: A EuropeanAlternative Fuels Strategy

(2016) 2030 climate & energy framework/AEuropean Strategy for Low-Emission Mobility

National Policy Frameworks (18 November de 2016)

Directive Transposition(18 November de 2016)


Other Relevant Regulatory Measures in the Transport Sector:

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• (2008) Directive 2008/50/EC on ambient air quality and cleaner air: Establishes objectives for air quality

• (2009) Directive 2009/30/CE on fuel quality: Sets technical standards for road transport fuels and arequirement on fuel suppliers to reduce life cycle GHG emissions (at least 6% by the end of 2020 (2010 levels))

• (2009) Directive 2009/33/CE on the promotion of clean and efficient road transport vehicles: Requirescontracting authorities, entities as operators to consider lifetime energy and environmental impacts, whenpurchasing road transport vehicles .

• (2014) Regulation (EU) 333/2014 related to CO2 emissions of new passenger cars: Sets a target of 95 gCO2/km for the average emissions of the new car fleet by 2020

• (2014) Regulation (EU) related to CO2 emissions of new light commercial vehicles: Sets a target of 147 gCO2/km for the average emissions of new light commercial vehicles by 2020

DAFI Directive: Background


DAFI: Key points

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• Definition of the standard rules for the implementation of an infrastructure foralternative fuels (electricity, hydrogen, biofuels, compressed natural gas (CNG),LNG, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) in the EU countries.

• The establishment of the minimum requirements for building up thisinfrastructure: recharging stations for electrical vehicles and natural gas (LNG andCNG) and hydrogen refuelling points.

• The adoption of national policies in the EU countries aimed at developing thealternative fuels market for transport and the infrastructures required to supportthem.


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• 2020: sufficient number of publically accessible recharging stations for electric carsand CNG refuelling stations in urban/suburban and other densely populatedareas.

• 2025: sufficient number of publically accessible hydrogen (optional), LNG and CGNrefuelling stations along the TEN-T core network and of LNG and electricity in theTEN-T core network ports.

• 2030: adequate number of LNG refuelling points in the inland ports of the TEN-Tcore network.

DAFI: Minimum Infrastructure Requirements


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DAFI: National Policy Framework

Spanish Case: “Marco de Acción Nacional (MAN)

Royal Decree 639/2016 on the alternative fuels infrastructure

MANREQUIREMENTS

Analysis of the starting situation regarding alternative fuels in

transport

Analysis of market trends

National targets

Implementation of measures to guarantee the fulfilment

of national targets

Areas

ROAD TRANSPORT

SEATRANSPORT

AIRTRANSPORT

LNG, CNG

Electricity

Electricity

LNG

Electricity

Hydrogen (optional)

+

Transposition of the Directive 2014/94/EU

(2015) Strategy for BoostingAlternative Energy (VEA)

(to be revised every 3 years)


MAN: Starting Point

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Industrialisation Fleet (No. vehicles) Infrastructure

Elec

tric

ity 5 plants manufacturing 11 models of

commercial vehicles and quads.

Additional manufacturing of models ofbuses, motorcycles and mopeds.

18,187 vehicles:

37%- private cars;

19%- motorbikes,

44%- other types (heavy quads, vans, etc.)

1,659 stations

4,547 recharging points.

Hyd

roge

n

Participation of Spanish companies in thedevelopment of this technology inrelation to its obtainment.

11 vehicles (demonstration projects ) 6 hydrogen stations.

Bio

fuel

s

The overall Spanish fleet is guaranteed to work with low biofuels blends (up to B7 andE5)

32 biodiesel plants and 4 bioethanol plants

All the petrol/diesel pumps ( 11,000) cansupply blends with up to 7% of biodiesel(B7)/ 5% of bioethanol.

100 stations supply higher level of biofuels.

NG

V 2 Plants produce GNV vehicles.

Possibility of adapting private cars toCNG through a dual system.

4,613 vehicles (4,366 CGN, 247 LNG)(urban fleets)

39 public stations in the urban area:

10 mixed LNG/CNG; 5 LNG and 24 CNG.

Additional 69 private (CNG) stations forfleets.

LPG 1 manufacturing plant for 3 models of

LPG vehicles.54,472 vehicles 468 stations, accessible to the public.

Road transport:

Note: Situation in June 2016; the official data of the NGV vehicles fleet does not include the vehicles transformed in workshops outside the trademark.


MAN: Starting Point

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Sea transport

LNG:

• Optimum position for developing the LNG market in Spain (geostrategic situation, infrastructure and experience)

• Spain has the longest coastline (8,000 km) in the EU State port system made up of 43 ports of general interest (13included in the TEN-T core network)

• 932 active LNG satellite plants, complemented by 250 tanker trucks LNG could be supplied in the seaports and inthe inland ports of the TEN-T core network, as required by the DAFI.

• CORE LNGas Hive Project 11 pilot actions between 2015 and 2020

Electricity:

• One electricity supply point in the test phase in Melilla port and feasibility studies under development in 7 ports.

• Possibility of replacement of 100,000 tons of conventional fuels with 600 GWh of electricity Contribution to theRED objective.

Air transport

Electricity:

• 410 electricity supply units for aircrafts in the TEN-T network airports (90% of the core network and 38% of thecomprehensive network).


MAN: Objectives by Fuels and Transport Modes

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Road Transport

Fleet (No vehicles), 2020 Infrastructure (No stations/public recharging points), 2020

Electricity 150,000 3,300 stations

Hydrogen 500 FCEV 20 hydrogen stations

BiofuelsEvolution linked to the governmental objectives -Royal Decree 1085/2015, on the promotion of biofuels

Minimum mandatory blending targets : 8.5% in 2020

Natural Gas(CNG, LNG)

18,000 (LNG: 800; CNG: 17,200)

90 refuelling stations: 46 CNG; 5 LNG; 39 mixed

LPG 250.000 800-1,000 refuelling stations

Sea Transport

LNGInfrastructure (*)

2025: 42 ports (12, TEN-T core network; 26, TEN-T comprehensive network; 4, general interest ).

2030: 1 inland port of the TEN-T core network.

Electricity 2020: 5 ports (2, TEN-T comprehensive network; 3, TEN-T core network) with electricity supply.

Air Transport

Electricity 2016-2030: Investment : 15,17 M€ <> 205 supply installations (400 Hz) in 13 airports.

(*) Identification of ports where LNG supply is feasible with road tankers


MAN: Measures and Lines of Action

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Mode Market Infrastructure Industrialization Regulatory

Road Vehicles purchase (4)Diffusion (5)

Refuellinginfrastructure (7)

Promotion of R&D andindustrialization (7)

Normative (12)Fiscal incentives (3)

Sea Diffusion (1)Infrastructure and supplyequipment (4)Strategical measures (1)

Promotion of R&D andindustrialization (5)

Normative (5)Fiscal incentives (3)

• MAN structured in 5 strategic lines and 57 measures which cover 3 priority axes: market,infrastructure and industrialization, linked through a fourth axis – a stable regulatory framework.

• Starting Point: Strategy for Boosting Alternative Energy (VEA) (2015)

INFRAESTRUCTURE MARKET INDUSTRIALIZATION

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

() nº measures


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Vehicles purchase


• MOVEA Plan: 16,6 M€ (2016 y 2017) EV, H2, LNG, CNG, LGP, recharging infrastructure

• PIMA Plans: 54 M€: Commercial vehicles (NG, LGP) + (MOVELEs: 37 M € EV)

• PIMA Transport Financing Plan: 900 M€ (2015) + 1200 M€ (2016) provided by EIB and other financial entities Renovation of the fleet of commercial and industrial vehicles.

• PIMA‐Empresa: 5 M€ (2015) Subsidies of 15% for investments to reduce CO2 emissions in the businesssector (maximum: 150,000 €)

• CLIMA projects: 20 M€ (2016) financed by the Carbon fund for a sustainable economy (FES-CO2) Support tofleet renewal with EV

• PIVE Plan: 1.115 M€ (8 editions) Renewal of 1,2 million of cars & LCV (considered alternative vehicles)

• Classification and labelling of cars (M1) and light vans (N1)

• New Web platform VEA www.moveaplan.gob.es/

Diffusion& Communication

http://www.moveaplan.gob.es/


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Industrialization and R&D

• Reindustrialization and Competitiveness Programs: 750 M€ (2015) Support to manufacturing ofalternative fuel vehicles and components.

• Support to Technological Platforms and Research Centers

• Support to the deployment of recharging infrastructure in municipalities (Sustainable Growth ERDF 2014-20 OP)

• > 2,000 inhabitants (MINHAFP) 1st call (2015) : 15 M€: > 50,000 inhab.; 5M€: 20,000- 50.000 Inhab.

• < 20,000 inhabitants (IDAE ‐ MINETAD) 49.6 M€ Support for sustainable urban mobility (recharginginfrastructure and alternative vehicles)

• R&D aids to shipyards Support for manufacturing of LNG- fueled ships


Infrastructure

• CORE LNGas Hive Project Development of LNG infrastructure in sea transport.


• Bonus on vehicle tax (IVTM) for alternative fuel vehicles.

• Registration tax exemption (emissions CO2 < 120 gr/km)

• IRPF (PIT) exemption for some benefits-in kind: 30% EV, 20% LGP, CNG

• Royal Decree 647/2011: Regulation on charging management activity Development of a loadmanagement body; Special tariffs for EV recharging (super off-peak hourly discrimination)

• Royal Decree 1053/2014: New Technical Instruction (BT 52) «Installations for special uses. Infrastructurefor recharging EVs» Regulation of the EVs recharging requirements

• Royal Decree 1085/2015, on the promotion of biofuels

• Port tax discount (50%) ( Ships using alternative fuels (electricity, LNG))

Normative & Fiscal incentives

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DAFI Implications for Energy Efficiency

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• The DAFI seeks to support the coordination of the national action frameworks and theircoherence at EU level.

Increased harmonization in the definition of the common technical specifications(infrastructures and quality of different fuel types) optimum use of the enginesand energy efficiency in transport.

• The promotion of electric cars, more efficient than conventional combustion enginevehicles, will contribute to the improvement of energy efficiency in transport and thefulfilment of the EED objectives.

• The promotion of vehicles propelled by natural gas contributes to the efficiency of thefleet in case of replacement of gasoline-powered vehicles, helping also to improve theair quality, both at urban and interurban level.


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Documents

Work Package 5 - ODYSSEE-MURE · 19%- motorbikes, 44%- other types (heavy quads, vans, etc.) 1,659 stations 4,547 recharging points. n Participation of Spanish companies in the development