WMO’S PROGRAMME ON NATURAL DISASTER MITIGATION WITH SPECIAL

REFERENCE TO AFRICA

by

Yinka R. Adebayo, Ph.D

Senior Strategic Planning Officer

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Geneva, Switzerland

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Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Programme

WMO Bulletin

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Evolution of natural disasters and their impacts

Sources: IFRC World Disaster Reports

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1970s 1980s 1990s

No of reported disasters

No reported killed(thousands)

No reported affected(millions)

Damage (billions US$)

Global distribution of natural hazards Global distribution of natural hazards (1993-2002)(1993-2002)

Avalanches and landslides

6%

Droughts and famines

9%

Earthquakes8%

Extreme Temperatures

5%

Floods37%

Forest/scrub fires5%

Windstorms28%

Volcanic eruptions

2%

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Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeProgramme

Fourteenth WMO Congress (May 2003) •Recognized the significant role WMO and NMHSs play in international disaster reduction activities concerning mitigation of, and preparedness for, natural disasters of meteorological or hydrological origin

•Decided to initiate a new WMO major programme on Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (building on all relevant WMO Programmes and activities) as a crosscutting programme to enhance international cooperation and collaboration in the field of natural disaster activities

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Objectives Objectives -- Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

•Enhancement of the internal coordination

• Enhancement of the assistance to Members

• Enhancement of the international cooperation

• Enhancement of the WMO image

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Objectives Objectives -- Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

Enhancement of Internal CoordinationEnhancement of Internal Coordination

To ensure integration of relevant activities being carried out under the various WMO Programmes in the area of disaster risk reduction , namely through:

•Strengthening the coordination of relevant activities and projects within WMO scientific and technical programmes and making fuller useof pertinent achievements made within these programmes• Preparation of an integrated planning and reporting documents concerning the WMO activities in the disaster risk reduction area

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Objectives Objectives -- Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

Enhancement of the Assistance to MembersEnhancement of the Assistance to Members

To develop an effective and efficient mechanism to provide, in an integrated fashion, the WMO response to the requirements and needs of Members and international community concerning disaster reduction in light of related developments

To encourage and assist Members in developing/enhancing NMHSs contribution to national disaster preparedness programmes in a more fully integrated manner, especially in coordination with national civil defence/disaster coordination offices

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Objectives Objectives -- Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

Enhancement of International CooperationEnhancement of International Cooperation

To ensure that activities and results of relevant WMO Programmes are fully used in the process of the WMO’s participation in the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) and in other international and regional activities

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Objectives Objectives -- Disaster Prevention and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

Enhancement of WMO imageEnhancement of WMO image

To enhance WMO’s role and recognition as one of the leading international organizations dealing with disaster reduction, in particular through:

• active participation in high-level global fora and related activities• liaison with appropriate proper public information activities

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Natural Disaster Prevention and Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation ProgrammeMitigation Programme

STATUSSTATUS

•Establishment of the infrastructure

• Preparation for an integrated plan

•Experts Group Meeting

• Preparing the Second World Conference on Disaster Reduction

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WMO’s Technical AssistanceWMO’s Technical Assistance

Tropical Cyclone Warning SystemTropical Cyclone Warning System

for the South-West Indian Ocean Regionfor the South-West Indian Ocean Region

Comprehensive Risk AssessmentComprehensive Risk Assessment

System for Technology Exchange for Natural Disasters (STEND)System for Technology Exchange for Natural Disasters (STEND)

to identify and facilitate the transfer of technology for use in reducing to identify and facilitate the transfer of technology for use in reducing the impact of natural disasters, the impact of natural disasters, etc.etc.

During the Decade period (1990’s)During the Decade period (1990’s)

US $200 million in support of national and regional development US $200 million in support of national and regional development projects- (US$ 16.79, 25.31 and 18.79 mil for 2000, 2001 and 2002 projects- (US$ 16.79, 25.31 and 18.79 mil for 2000, 2001 and 2002 respectively)respectively)

• Tropical Cyclone Programme• Public Weather Services Programme• Technical Co-operation Programme

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Country/RegionCountry/Region Project IndicatorProject Indicator Project TitleProject Title

Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA)Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA)

ESA UNDPESA UNDP

KenyaKenyaKEN/001/008 (sppd)KEN/001/008 (sppd)

(2000-2002) (2000-2002)

Factoring of climate monitoring and early warning Factoring of climate monitoring and early warning for disaster preparedness & management in for disaster preparedness & management in Kenya Kenya

ESA Trust FundESA Trust Fund

SADC SADC SADC-HYCOS SADC-HYCOS SADC-HYCOS SADC-HYCOS

Eastern Africa Eastern Africa USAID/DMCN FIT USAID/DMCN FIT

(1999-2002) (1999-2002) Regional Climate forecasting for the Greater Horn Regional Climate forecasting for the Greater Horn of Africa of Africa

Eastern Africa Eastern Africa USAID/RESDO DMC FITUSAID/RESDO DMC FIT

(2002-2003) (2002-2003) Climate Monitoring, Prediction and Disaster Climate Monitoring, Prediction and Disaster Preparedness Preparedness

SADC SADC SADC Project N AAA.6.02 SADC Project N AAA.6.02 (1998-2002) (1998-2002)

Strengthening the capabilities of the Southern Strengthening the capabilities of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Drought African Development Community (SADC) Drought Monitoring Centre in Harare Monitoring Centre in Harare

SADC SADC RAFK0698 (2000-2002) RAFK0698 (2000-2002) Meteorological & Hydrological contributions to Meteorological & Hydrological contributions to natural disaster preparedness & management in natural disaster preparedness & management in Southern Africa Southern Africa

Kenya Kenya KEN/USAID/FIT KEN/USAID/FIT (2001/2002) (2001/2002)

Improving meteorological observations Improving meteorological observations through utilization of HAM radio operators in through utilization of HAM radio operators in Kenya Kenya

Technical Cooperation Projects

List of Ongoing Projects OMM

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Country/RegionCountry/Region Project IndicatorProject Indicator Project TitleProject Title

Central and Western Africa (CWA)Central and Western Africa (CWA)

CWA Trust FundCWA Trust Fund

ChadChad CHD/FIT/SUISSECHD/FIT/SUISSE Application of agrometeorological information and Application of agrometeorological information and advice to agricultural production in Chadadvice to agricultural production in Chad

MaliMali MLI/FIT/SUISSEMLI/FIT/SUISSE Extension of the operational meteorological Extension of the operational meteorological assistance to the rural communities in Mali assistance to the rural communities in Mali

CILSSCILSS SHL/FIT/ITA (Early SHL/FIT/ITA (Early Warning Phase II) Warning Phase II)

Early warning and agricultural yield forecasting, Early warning and agricultural yield forecasting, Phase II (refer to: http://p-case.iata.fi.cnr.it/ap3a) Phase II (refer to: http://p-case.iata.fi.cnr.it/ap3a)

Technical Cooperation Projects

List of Ongoing Projects Cont…

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WMO Activities in Support of NEPADWMO Activities in Support of NEPAD

Establishment of a WMO programme on natural disaster reduction and risk Establishment of a WMO programme on natural disaster reduction and risk managementmanagement

Support the capacities of NMHSs and regional institutions in order to Support the capacities of NMHSs and regional institutions in order to contribute in natural disasters and risk managementcontribute in natural disasters and risk management

Support development and implementation of the strategic Plan on the World Support development and implementation of the strategic Plan on the World Weather Watch (WWW) basic systems in AfricaWeather Watch (WWW) basic systems in Africa

– Three project proposals ready seeking for fundingThree project proposals ready seeking for funding

Support various activities through various programmesSupport various activities through various programmes

The WMO Regional Association I at its 13th Session in November 2002The WMO Regional Association I at its 13th Session in November 2002

– Noted that the implementation of NEPAD objectives in various sectors Noted that the implementation of NEPAD objectives in various sectors required weather and climate information and productsrequired weather and climate information and products

– It requested the WMO Secretary General to take necessary measures to It requested the WMO Secretary General to take necessary measures to support NEPAD initiatives by ensuring that all WMO programmes and support NEPAD initiatives by ensuring that all WMO programmes and planned activities support NEPAD objectives and projects.planned activities support NEPAD objectives and projects.

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WMO’s Specific Actions in Support of WMO’s Specific Actions in Support of NEPAD’s Action PlanNEPAD’s Action Plan

Poverty AlleviationPoverty Alleviation

– enhancing natural disaster preparedness, prevention and enhancing natural disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation programmesmitigation programmes

– provision of timely and skillful tailored weather and climate provision of timely and skillful tailored weather and climate information and services in support of income-earninginformation and services in support of income-earning

HealthHealth

– supportof health programmes on communicable tropical-related supportof health programmes on communicable tropical-related diseases including malaria and respiratory problems.diseases including malaria and respiratory problems.

Implemented through providing support and building capacities of national and regional institutions for provision and effective use of weather information on the following sectors:

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WMO’S Specific Actions Cont….WMO’S Specific Actions Cont….

Agriculture and Food SecurityAgriculture and Food Security

– provision of seasonal climate outlooks and agrometeorological provision of seasonal climate outlooks and agrometeorological warningswarnings

Information and Communication TechnologyInformation and Communication Technology

– assist NMHSs to keep up-to-date with technological development in assist NMHSs to keep up-to-date with technological development in planning and implementing new Basic Meteorological Systems.planning and implementing new Basic Meteorological Systems.

EnergyEnergy

– support national and regional efforts for the development of solar support national and regional efforts for the development of solar and wind energy and hydropower generation programmesand wind energy and hydropower generation programmes

TransportTransport

– contribute to capacity building for providing transport operations contribute to capacity building for providing transport operations with skillful weather and climate products.with skillful weather and climate products.

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WMO’S Specific Actions Cont….WMO’S Specific Actions Cont….

Water and SanitationWater and Sanitation

– assist with improved continuous assessment and management of assist with improved continuous assessment and management of water resources and for responding to threats of floods and droughtswater resources and for responding to threats of floods and droughts

Combating DesertificationCombating Desertification

– continue with its active participation and support in the United continue with its active participation and support in the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)

– assist NMHSs and other national, regional and other relevant assist NMHSs and other national, regional and other relevant continental institutions in capacity building for the provision and use continental institutions in capacity building for the provision and use of weather and climate information to improve preparednessof weather and climate information to improve preparedness

Coastal Management, Global Warming and Environmental Coastal Management, Global Warming and Environmental GovernanceGovernance

– continue to support for the continuation of IPCC and involvement of continue to support for the continuation of IPCC and involvement of NMHSs in climate change studies, environmental monitoring and NMHSs in climate change studies, environmental monitoring and public awareness raisingpublic awareness raising

– ensure international conventions, protocols and other legal ensure international conventions, protocols and other legal instruments are scientifically basedinstruments are scientifically based

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The WMO’s The WMO’s Climate Information and Climate Information and Prediction Services (CLIPS)Prediction Services (CLIPS) Project Project

Enhancing the capacities and capabilities of all in Africa NMHSs to Enhancing the capacities and capabilities of all in Africa NMHSs to provide climate information and forecast to usersprovide climate information and forecast to users

Encouraging use of climate information and prediction products by Encouraging use of climate information and prediction products by end-users of various social economical sectorend-users of various social economical sector

This will be achieved through the following four main activities of This will be achieved through the following four main activities of CLIPS;CLIPS;

– Assisting NMHSs through Training workshops and seminarsAssisting NMHSs through Training workshops and seminars

– Support Development of methodologies and infrastructure in response Support Development of methodologies and infrastructure in response to user needsto user needs

– Carrying out joint activities with research programmesCarrying out joint activities with research programmes

– Establishment of closer interaction with potential usersEstablishment of closer interaction with potential users

Will contribution to NEPAD’s objectives through:

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•Focal Points: CLIPS National Focal Points have been nominated

for whole WMO RA I.

•Training Workshops

•CLIPS Curriculum

•Climate Outlook Forums (COFs) through DMCs

Capacity BuildingCapacity Building

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2003

25 Aug - 3 Oct Fifth Training Workshop on Climate Prediction and

Applications - Circum - Indian Ocean Oklahoma,

USA

2002

29 Jul - 9 Aug CLIPS Training Workshop for Eastern and

Southern African Countries Nairobi, Kenya

27 May - 5 July Fourth Training Workshop on Climate Prediction

and Applications - Tropical Pacific Islands and Rim Nations

Oklahoma, USA

2001

17 - 27 April CLIPS Training Workshop for West, Central and

North Africa Niamey,

Niger

Training WorkshopsTraining Workshops

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Climate Outlook ForumsClimate Outlook Forums

2002-2003

March 2003 Climate Outlook Forum for Greater Horn of

Africa Entebbe, Uganda

September Climate Outlook Forum for Central Africa Brazzaville,

Congo

4 - 6 September Climate Outlook Forum for SADC

Countries Harare,

Zimbabwe

26 - 28 August 10th Climate Outlook Forum for the

Greater Horn of Africa Nairobi, Kenya

May Seasonal Forecasting Forum PRESA-West Niamey, Niger

14 - 18 April Seasonal Forecasting Forum PRESANOR

01 Algiers, Algeria

18 - 21 February 9th Climate Outlook Forum for the

Greather Horn of Africa Eldoret, Kenya

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SummarySummary

the development and coordination of regional and the development and coordination of regional and national programmes/projects to improve facilities, national programmes/projects to improve facilities, human resources and operational capacities of NMHSs human resources and operational capacities of NMHSs and relevant sub-regional and regional institutions in the and relevant sub-regional and regional institutions in the region.region.

WMO’s activities in support of NEPAD’s objectives focus on :

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