WISWAM Wiswam/wiswamJan-Mar14.pdfAmong the scion varieties, cv. Kesar recorded significantly superior grafting success (61.93 percent) over the scion cv. Sindhu (55.12 percent and

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WISWAM WALMI Information Service on Water management

Volume 24 Issue No 01 Jan-Mar 2014

Contents

Select Article 02

Recent Periodical Literature 08

New Arrivals 19

Addresses of other WALMI's 20

Media Clippings 22

WISWAM is also available on www.walmi.org

2

Select Articles

Source: LEISA INDIA Sept 2013 Vol 15 No. 3 pp 21-24

3

4

5


6


7


8

Recent Periodical Literature

Agriculture

004916

Author : Tiwari, Harish;Tewari, Poonam

Title : Growing Organically: Enhancing knowledge through cultural

exchange

Source : LEISA India

Vol/Iss/Mth : 15(3), Sept Year : 2013 Pages : 21-24

Keywords : Agricultural Education, Organic Farming,

Abstract : To impart organic farming education to the new generation

that heavily relies on Chemical farming, WWOOF INDIA is making an

attempt to link young professionals across the world with the organic

farms in India. Through its various programmes, WWOOF is not only

helping farmers adopt organic farming practices, it is providing hands

on experience on farming and organic production for the students, also

facilitating cultural exchange among various countries.

004917

Author : Thangapandian, D

Title : The School of Biodynamic Farming : Retaining Youth in Farming

sector.

Source : LEISA India

Vol/Iss/Mth : 15(3), Sept Year : 2013 Pages : 25-26

Keywords : Biodynamic Farming,

Abstract : Finding agriculture unremu

004918

Author : Kolekar, A.B.and others

Title : Effect of Spacing, Fertilizer and Manure levels on Watermelon

(Citrullus lanatus) grown with drip and black polythene under lateritic

Soils of Konkan.

Source : Journal of agricultural Research and Technology

Vol/Iss/Mth : 38(2), May Year : 2013 Pages : 182-187

Keywords : Watermelon, Fertilizer, Manure, Drip Irrigation,

004919

Author : Ravikumar, M. and others

Title : Effect of Organic Manures, Inorganic Fertilizers and Microbial

Innoculants on Yield and Economics of Coleus (Coleus forskohlii Briq.)

Source : Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology


Keywords : Organic Manures, Fertilizers, Yield,

Abstract : Application of recommended dose (RD) NPK + RD FYMb +

Azotobacter + phosphorus solubilising bacteria + vesicular arbiscular

mycorrhiza (T11) recorded significantly higher values for number of

tuberous roots plant-1 (12.57), length of tuberous roots (12.26 cm).

Girth of tuberous roots (1.64 cm), fresh weight of tuberous roots plant-

1(277.50 g) and dry weight of tuberous roots plant-1 (39.39 g). It also

recorded highest fresh (6.76 kg and 11.27 t) and dry tuberous root yield

9

(0.96 kg and 1.60 t) plot -1 and hectare -1, respectively, dry matter

per cent in tuberous roots (14.02 percent) net income (Rs.39.064.50 ha-

1)and cost: benefit ratio (1:1.95).

004920

Author : Jadhav, S.B. and others

Title : Initial Performance of top working of Mango under Western

Maharashtra conditions.



Keywords : Mango,

Abstract : The results revealed that the trees beheaded in the month of

July displayed the significantly earliest sprouting (37.91 days),

highest number of sprouts per branch (26.31) and eventually earliest

duration for chlorophyllous leaf development (14.82 days). The

significantly highest grafting success was noticed by the trees beheaded

in May followed by successive grafting in August (84.68 percent ), while

significantly least grafting success was observed for trees beheaded in

September followed by successive grafting in December (24.79 percent).

Among the scion varieties, cv. Kesar recorded significantly superior

grafting success (61.93 percent) over the scion cv. Sindhu (55.12

percent and Ratna (50.01 percent). The interaction of two factors

eventually revealed that, mango trees beheaded in May and successive

grafted in August with cv Sindhu recorded significantly highest graft

success (87.86 percent) which was at par with cv Kesar (85.41 percent)

and Ratna (80.88 percent).

004923

Author : Kumar, M. Dinesh

Title : Raising Agricultural productivity, reducing groundwater use and

mitigating carbon emissions: role of energy pricing in farm sector

Source : Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics

Vol/Iss/Mth : 68(3), Jul-Sept Year : 2013 Pages : 275-291

Keywords : Agricultural Productivity, Water Productivity, Groundwater

Use, Cropping Pattern,

Abstract : This study shows that raising power tariffs in the farm

sector to achieve efficiency and sustainability of groundwater use is

both socially and economically viable. The farmers, who are confronted

with positive marginal cost of electricity and groundwater, obtain

higher water productivity in their farming operations (Rs./m3 of water),

use less amount of groundwater per unit area of farm (m3/ha), yet secure

higher net return per unit of land (Rs./ha of land). This paper shows

that establishing an energy quota for farms based on groundwater

sustainability considerations, and metering and charging for power on

pro rata basis using pre-paid meters are the best options to manage

groundwater and the energy economy.

004924

Author : Singh, O.P.

Title : Hydrological and farming system impacts of Agricultural Water

Management interventions in North Gujarat, India.



10

Keywords : Groundwater, Water Productivity, Farming System, Micro

Irrigation, Cost Benefit Analysis,

Abstract : The overall objective of the study was to examine the water

demand management interventions on farming system, livelihood patterns,

food and nutritional security and poverty. The study was based on the

primary data collected from north Gujarat. The study suggests that the

micro irrigation (MI) technology adoption had resulted in reduction in

water application and improvement in crop yield varied from crop to

crop. On an average, the net returns from MI irrigated plots are higher

than that of plots irrigated by conventional method. The water

productivity of the crops irrigated by MIs, in both physical and

economic terms, was found to be much higher than that of their

counterparts irrigated by traditional method. Tje benefit-cost analysis

of MI-systems shows significant variations among different crops. The

overall impact of MI adoption on the income of adopter families is

striking, exceeding one lac rupees per annum. Such high escalations in

annual income of a farm household can change the entire household

dynamics.

004925

Author : Nagaraj, N and others

Title : Technological and Institutional interventions in enhancing

livelihood of farmers in Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT) areas: experience of

ICRISAT-HOPE project.



Keywords : Crop Management, Agricultural Technologies,

Abstract : This paper highlights the impacts of the innovative HOPE

(Harnessing Opportunities for Productivity Enhancement of Dry Land

Cereals) project of ICRISAT in addressing the poverty and related issues

in the SAT states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Haryana and Maharashtra. With

key technological and institutional interventions the project has

provided fillip to the integrated farming system characterised by the

time tested crop-livestock combination in Maharashtra, and pearl millet-

buffaloes combination in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Haryana. Thus, with

diffusion of innovations, provision of quality seeds, efficient input

delivery and market linkage, more than 75 per cent of the farmers

benefitted through bridging the productivity gaps and thereby enhanced

incomes in both crop and livestock sectors.

004926

Author : Wani, M.H. and others

Title : Maize composites enhance Economic returns from Dry Land Farming:

Evidences from Uplands of Kashmir Valley


Vol/Iss/Mth : 68(3), Jul-Sept

Year : 2013 Pages : 339-353 Keywords : Maize,

Abstract : The present study is conducted in dry uplands of Kashmir

region to assess the potential of three location-specific maize

Composites, C6.KG1 and C8 respectively in the Central, South and North

regions of Kashmir valley for enhancing the economic returns and

sustenance of livelihood of rural masses under the dry land conditions.

11

The study forms part of NAIP project, "Visioning Policy Analysis and

Gender (VPAGE)" undertaken at SKUAST-K, Shalimar during 2009-11 and is

based on the cross sectional survey data collected from 240 farm

households cultivating maize under dry land conditions in the upper

belts of Kashmir valley. The adoption of dry land maize under dry land

maize composites and its determinants were examined by employing

regression function. Economic surplus model and economic feasibility

tests were employed to assess the economic gains from research and

extension investment involved in the development of maize composites

under the study. The study concludes that cultivations of maize

composites have the potential to secure and sustain livelihood of stake

holders under dry land conditions.

004927

Author : Kumar, Sant and others

Title : Research priorities for Faster, Sustainable and inclusive growth

in Indian Agriculture



Keywords : Agricultural Research,

Abstract : The present study assesses the priorities for Indian

agricultural research by regions and commodities. Using multi-criteria

scoring approach, priorities for agricultural rearch have been assessed

taking into consideration the developmental goals of growth, equity,

sustainability and research capacity. Assessment of regional priorities

has been suggested to give emphasis in allocation of resources to north-

eastem, eastem, westem, and hill states over their existing shares.

States that see a drop in their share are in a relatively better

economic condition than those who gain. Priority states for commodity

groups such as cereals, oilseeds, pulses, fibers, sugarcane,

horticulture, livestock, fisheries, and agro-forestry have been

identified with their importance of resource allocation. A comparison

between the proposed and the existing pattern of priority scores by

states and commodity suggests reallocation of resources so as to reduce

interregional and interpersonal disparities.

004928

Author : Mandal, Subhasis

Title : Land shaping models for enhancing Agricultural productivity in

salt affected coastal areas of West Bengal-An Economic analysis



Keywords : Land shaping,Agricultural Productivity

Abstract : The study pertains to primary survey on farm households, in

South and North 24 parganas District of West Bengal. The sample farmers

were drawn from two blocks, six villages and total sample size of 180

farm households of which half were the beneficiary farmers and the rest

was non-beneficiary farmers. In the coastal area the land shaping

technique, particularly farm pond and paddy-cum fish models, are unique

technology for addressing the key challenges like land degradation

(salinity), drainage congestion and scarcity of fresh water for

Irrigation and in turn have the potential to enhancing production,

productivity, income and employment. These techniques particularly farm

pond and paddy-cum-fish are a financially viable and attractive

12

proposition for the coastal region. However for larger adoption of these

technologies need to address some key issues like socio-economic

constraints, some of which can be addressed by research level (e.g.)

land configuration, soil quality) some other at policy level (e.g.

financial incentives).

004929

Author : Googol, Moromi;Kakaty, Gautam

Title : Performance of Agricultural Economy of Assam and Constraints of

Economic Development

Source : Agricultural Situation in India

Vol/Iss/Mth : 69(11), Feb Year : 2013 Pages : 5-12

Keywords : Agricultural Production,Foodgrains,

004931

Author : Sharma, Neeraj;Mohan, Harinder

Title : Diversification of Agricultural sector in Punjab : growth and

challenges


Vol/Iss/Mth : LXIX(11), Feb Year : 2013 Pages : 21-32

Keywords : Diversification, Green Revolution,

Abstract : The present paper aims to study prospects and challenges of

diversification in the state of Punjab. Looking at the current agrarian

crises, the study suggests that there is an immediate need to diversify

overall economic base of the state, instead of attempting it only in

terms of crop diversification. The results of the study revealed that

there is a great prospect to diversify the entire economic base of

Punjab. Non-farm activities can provide ultimate solution to the rising

socio-economic problems in Punjab.

004933

Author : Lehmann , N;Finger, R.

Title : Evaluating Water Policy options in Agriculture: A whole farm

study for the Broye river basin (Switzerland)

Source : Irrigation and Drainage

Vol/Iss/Mth : 62(4), Oct Year : 2013 Pages : 396-406

Keywords : Water Policy,Cropsyst,LARSWG,Genetic Algorithm,

Abstract : In this study, we evaluate the impact of an increased

volumetric water price and the implementation of a water quota on

management decisions, income, income risk and utility of an arable

farmer in the Broye River Basin, Western Switzerland. We develop a bio-

economic whole-farm model, which couples the process-based crop growth

model CropSyst with an economic decision model at farm scale and use a

genetic algorithm as optimization technique. This integrated modeling

approach is employed to optimize the farmer's management decisions with

regard to crop land use as well as crop-specific nitrogen fertilization

and irrigation intensities under different climate and water policy

scenarios. Results show that the farm's water demand will increase by

almost 100 percent under climate change. However, both, an increased

volumetric water price and a water quota, are under current and future

expected climate conditions effective policy measures to reduce the

farm's water consumption. At the same time, due to adjustments in the

crop mix as well as in crop-specific nitrogen fertilization and

irrigation strategies, both policies lead to losses in farm income and

13

in the farmer's utility of only about 10 percent. Nevertheless, a higher

water price as well as a water quota increase under future expected

climate conditions the crop farm's downside risk exposure (i.e.

probability of low farm incomes).

004935

Author : Qureshi, A.S. and others

Title : Optimum Groundwater Table Depth and Irrigation Schedules for

controlling soil Salinity in Central Iraq



Keywords: irrigation Management, SWAP Model, Groundwater Table, Soil

Salinity,

Abstract : In this study, the soil-water-atmosphere-plant (SWAP) model

is used to determine optimal groundwater table depth and irrigation

amounts for the study area. SWAP was calibrated using field data from

the study area during the wheat and maize season of 2011-2012. The

modeling results reveal that under current irrigation practices (600 mm

to wheat and 1000mm to maize), more than 30 percent water is lost as

deep percolation. This causes a rise in the groundwater table and

reduction in crop yields. The model simulations suggest that a

groundwater table depth of 200 cm together with an irrigation

application of 500 mm to wheat and 600 mm to maize will be the best

combination to attain optimal yields, Therefore a drainage system in

these areas should be installed to maintain groundwater table depth

around 200 cm. Maintaining a deeper groundwater table will not be

suitable as costs will increase and crop responses negligible. For long-

term sustainability, rehabilitation of existing drainage systems to

evacuate excessive salts from the root zone will be imperative.

004942

Author : Hegde, Seema S

Title : Possible alternatives for biomass consuming Agriculture in the

Western ghats: A study of Uttara Kannada District


Vol/Iss/Mth : 68(4), Oct-Dec Year : 2013 Pages : 552-561

Keywords : Biomass Conservation,

Abstract : A study of four villages in Uttara Kannada district shows

that farmers cultivating both arecanut and sugarcane extract almost

double the quantity of biomass that paddy cultivators do, mostly from

natural forests. Instances of biomass saving with the adoption of fuel-

efficient stoves and live-fences show that there is a huge potential to

save further. But to add momentum to conservation programme, there is a

need for awareness creation and government assistance for villagers to

adopt these techniques.

004944

Author : Sharma, D.K and others

Title : In salt affected Soils Agro forestry is a promising option

Source : Indian Farming

Vol/Iss/Mth : 63(11), Feb Year : 2013 Pages : 19-22

Keywords : -Saline Soils, Agro forestry,

14

Hydraulic Engineering

004938

Author : Ababaei, B and others

Title : Reservoir daily inflow simulation using data fusion method



Keywords : Data Fusion, Artificial Neural Networks, Daily inflow,

Abstract : In this research, two different strategies of data fusion

were tested for daily inflow simulation of the Taleghan Reservoir. Four

artificial neural network models as well as two Hammerstein-Wiener

models were used as individual simulation models. The results showed

that the data fusion method has the capacity to improve substantially

the results of individual simulation models. The individual models were

also tested in combination with a weather generator model which was used

to generate 100 yr of daily temperature and precipitation data. The

results demonstrated that although some models performed well in

calibration and validation phases, in combination with a weather

generator they could result in eccentric outcomes.

004940

Author : Fahle, M. and others

Title : A guideline for developing an initial Hydrological monitoring

network as a basis for Water Management in artificially drained wetlands



Keywords : Wetland,Drainage,Monitoring Network,

Abstract : The objective of this paper is to provide a guideline for

designing the initial hydrological monitoring network. A scheme is

developed that handles different parts of monitoring and hydrometry in

wetlands, focusing on the positioning of surface water and groundwater

gauges. For placement of the former, control units are used which

correspond to areas whose water levels can be regulated separately. The

latter are arranged depending on hydrological response units, defined by

combinations of soil type and land use, and the chosen surface water

monitoring sites. A practical application of the approach is shown for

an investigation area in the Spreewald region in north-east Germany.

004941

Author : Aschonitis, V.G.;Antonopoulos, V.Z.

Title : New equations for the determination of Soil saturated Hydraulic

conductivity using the Van Genuchten model parameters and effective

porosity



Keywords : Hydraulic Conductivity, Water Retention

Curve,Porosity,Kozeny-Carman Equation,

Irrigation

004922

Author : Chandrakanth, M.G. and others

15

Title : Economic Benefits from Micro Irrigation for Drylalnd crops in

Karnataka.



Keywords : Drip Irrigation,Evapotranspiration,Crop Productivity,Micro

Irrigation,

Abstract : In this study the economic benefits from micro irrigation in

the Eastern dry zone of Karnataka are estimated using primary data

collection from a sample of 45 drip irrigation farmers and 45

conventional irrigation farmers drawing groundwater from irrigation

wells. It was found that variables such as cropping intensity, water

used (acre inches) and net returns per acre inch of water were the

discriminant variables. Hence the Government policy needs to be oriented

towards these variables to motivate farmers to adopt drip irrigation. In

addition, it is essential to promote irrigation literacy to enable

farmers to use water efficiency.

004930

Author : Srivastava, S.K. and others

Title : Trends in Irrigation development and its impact on Agricultural

productivity in India: A time series analysis


Vol/Iss/Mth : LXIX(11), Feb Year : 2013 Pages : 13-20

Keywords : Agriculture, Impact of Irrigation,

Abstract : The present paper has examined the temporal and spatial

pattern in Irrigation Development and has assessed its impact on

Agricultural Productivity to provide a feedback for the holistic

development of water resources in India.

004932

Author : Mu, Jianxin and others

Title : A Stochastic approach to analyse Water Management scenarios at

the River Basin level



Keywords : BHIWA Model,Water Indicators, stochastic Analysis,

Abstract : In this paper, the Basin-wide Holistic Integrated Water

Assessment (BHIWA) model developed by the International Commission on

Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) was updated by the author to simulate the

water balance of the Yellow River Basin in China, as well as to analyse

the impacts of land and water use on return flows of this basin under

past (1980), present (2000), and future (2030 and 2050) conditions.

Stochastic analysis was then carried out using the Monte Carlo

simulation method, by randomly selecting sets of values for the

probability distributions in the cell values and formulas to quantify

the risks in terms of water quantity and quality resulting from return

flow. The model amply demonstrates the serious water shortage situation

in the future. Developing the strategy of water-saving measures would

greatly enhance the efficiency of irrigation water use, and decrease

water withdrawal for irrigation. In addition to this, a possible

opportunity to transfer water from the Yangtze River to the Yellow River

also came to light.

004934

16

Author : Wrachien, D. DE and others

Title : Sprinkler Irrigation Systems: State-Of-the-Art of Kinematic

analysis and Quantum Mechanics applied to Water Jets



Keywords : Sprinkler Irrigation,Quantum Mechanics, Classic Mechanics,

Abstract : The description of liquid jets crossing a gas is common to

many scientific issues, and in particular sprinkler irrigation in the

agricultural sector is definitely one of the most challenging issues of

recent years. In the thematic literature, the classic approach has

recently been challenged by the quantum one, generally more suitable to

describe interactions among several objects. By using a deeper approach,

microscopic insight into the actual mechanics of single water droplets

in sprinkler irrigation jets may be carefully described and this

represents the first move to find solutions for irrigation problems.

004936

Author : Belay, M.;Bewket, W.

Title : Traditional Irrigation and Water Management practices in

highland Ethiopia: case study in Dangila Woreda



Keywords : Traditional Irrigation, Water Sharing, Canals,

Abstract : This paper examines traditional irrigation practices and

their contribution to rural livelihoods in Dangila woreda (district) in

the north-western highlands of Ethiopia. Data were collected from

November 2010 to May 2011 through a questionnaire survey of 126

irrigators and field observation of irrigation practices. The results

show that over 90 percent of the irrigators used furrow systems. Around

54 percent of them reported that irrigation had contributed 11- 20

percent to their household incomes in the past 12 years (1999/2000-2010-

2011). The majority of the farmers agreed that the use of irrigation has

increased in area coverage, crop outputs and contribution to household

incomes over the past two decades. Water was distributed on rotation

turns headed by water committees that were headed by individuals locally

referred to as Yewha Abat (water fathers). Over 60 percent of the

respondents indicated that they faced water and irrigable land shortages

where the latter significantly influence households' irrigation income

(significant at p 0.0005). Although traditional irrigation has been

known in the study area for many years, the attention offered to it from

state agencies has not been encouraging. The study recommends

appropriate institutional support to be provided to smallholder

irrigators to improve the overall performance of traditional irrigation

schemes.

004937

Author : Hashemy, S.M.and others

Title : Using in-Line Reservoir Operational Strategy to improve dez main

Irrigation canal performance



Keywords : Canal Automation,

Abstract : In this study an in-line storage strategy is applied to

improve the existing operational performance of an upstream-controlled

17

13-pool irrigation canal. Three pools in the upstream, middle and

downstream sections of the main canal are considered as in-line

reservoirs. Decentralized proportional-integral (PI) controllers are

designed to regulate their upstream water levels based on a mixed

control method. Each regulator is coupled to its upstream in-line

reservoir. The objectives of the controlled system are keeping the

upstream water level of each regulator at the target levels; reducing

delay times of flow traveling in the canal and compensating for

mismatches between upstream supply and downstream demands. Existing and

proposed operational methods are compared, using the hydrodynamic

modeling package Sobek, considering a severe and sudden increasing -

decreasing flow condition. In this case study, the water level profiles

and controller performance indicators imply that in-line storage in the

main canal decreases water level deviations in most of the pools in the

range of 24-57 percent in comparison with the current operation.

004939

Author : Finney, C.

Title : Water abstraction charges as a water management tool



Keywords : Water Charges, Water Resources Management, Cost Recovery,

Abstract : This paper reviews international experience with the use of

water abstraction charges (WACs) as a tool for water resource management

and a means of recovering the costs involved. It is based on a desk

study undertaken to derive guidance for the possible improvement of the

WAC system in China and for its use as a demand management tool. At

present such charges are confined mainly to high-and middle-income

countries. Both the existing use of WACs and their levels of charge vary

greatly between countries. A key requirement for their successful

implementation is a sound system of water abstraction licensing. Once a

licensing system is in operation the marginal costs of water resource

management. Impacts of abstraction charging on water demand were found

generally to be small; only where charges are set at very high levels,

far above cost recovery levels, are impacts significant.

004943

Author : Patil, Tejaswini and others

Title : Response of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L)to Trickle Irrigation

under different Irrigation intervals, N Application rater

crop Geometry


Vol/Iss/Mth : 68(4), Oct-Dec Year : 2013 Pages : 573-583

Keywords : Trickle Irrigation,Crop Geometry,

Abstract : Field experiments were conducted on the sandy loam soils of

Center for Protected Cultivation Technology (CPCT), Indian Agricultural

Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India during October - February

seasons for 2 years (2008-2010) to evaluate the economic feasibility of

trickle irrigation in combination with different irrigation intervals, N

application rate and crop geometry for lettuce crop. Reference evapo-

transpiration for lettuce crop was estimated using FAO-56 Penman-

Monteith method. The net irrigation volume (v) was determined after

deducting the effective rainfall. The plan of experiment included three

crop geometries (45x30 (G1); 30x30 (G2) and 17.5x30 (G3) Row x Plant

18

spacing in cm), two irrigation schedules (2 day (I1) and 4 day (I2)

interval and 2 levels of nitrogen application (60 kg ha -1 (N1) and 100

kg ha 1 (N2)). For both the experiments, three replications were given.

The study indicated that 2 day irrigation interval with 100 kg N ha-1

application in 17.5 x 30cm crop geometry gave the highest yield (41.4 t

ha-1) with 6 per cent increase in yield as compared to rest of the

treatments. The same treatment has resulted into maximum net seasonal

income, benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and lowest payback period for both the

years, respectively.

004945

Author : Patil, Mandakini S

Title : Ekatmik Panlot kshetra Vikas - Kalachi Garaj

Source : Vanrai

Vol/Iss/Mth : 33(3), Mar Year : 2014 Pages : 17-20

Keywords : Watershed Development,

004946

Author : Kulkarni, Satish

Title : Rainwater Harvesting: Shahari Bhagatil Parjannaya aadharit

Jalsanchayan (Marathi)

Source : Vanarai

Vol/Iss/Mth : 33(3), Mar Year : 2014 Pages : 25-28

Keywords : Rainwater Harvesting, Rain fed Cotton

004921

Author : Pokharkar, D.S. and others

Title : Enhancement of Natural enemies of population by habitat

manipulation in rainfed Cotton.



Proceedings : Agriculture

Keywords : The practice of habitat manipulation in rainfed crop

consisting four paired rows of cotton interspersed with two rows of

cowpea and one row of marigold, paired row of maize as border crop, and

release of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi @ 5,000 larvae ha 1

synchronizing with appearance of sucking pests and Trichogramma chilonis

@ 1.5 lakh parasitoids ha 1 four times at weekly interval coinciding

with egg laying of bollworms found statistically effective in

suppressing the sucking pests viz., aphids jassids, thrips and

whiteflies. It was also found that the bollworm (Earias vitella

Fab.)damage to boils (4.9 percent ) and locules (6.01 percent ) was

suppressed and increased the population of natural enemies viz.

coccinellids (7.32 cotton plant 1, 8.59 cowpea plant 1)and chrysopids

(12.51 cotton plant 1; 7.55 cowpea plant 1 ) and yield of seed cotton

(16.95 q ha 1)with additional returns from intercrops like cowpea (0.926

q ha 1)and marigold (0.393 q flowers ha 1 ) over farmer's practice of

need based sprays of need based sprays of dimethoate 0.03 per cent,

endosulfan 0.07 percent and fenvalerate 0.1 percent. Moreover, the BIPM

practice could be compared favourably with habitat manipulation practice

in this respect.

|| वाटप वापर तुमच्या हाती || थेंब थेंबातून पपकवा मोती ||

19

New Arrivals

Author Title Shelf mark

Bill Jelen ; Tracy Syrstad VBA & MACROS Microsoft Excel 2010

QUA

001.6425/BIL/TRA

Sinha G.N. Strengthening Indian Environmental Laws 344.046/SIN

पाटबंधारे संशोधन व ववकास स.ंपुणे

राज्यातील बांधकाम पूणण झालेल्या भूजल नन:सारण योजनामुळे वर्णवार सुधारलेल्या क्षेत्राचा अहवाल 2009-2011

M551.49/ DIRD

CWC Integrated hydrological data book (non

classified river basins)

551.48/CWC

Raghunath H M Hydrology Principles Analysis Design (2Nd

Edition)

551.48/RAG

Agarwal Anil ; CSE Agenda unlimited ; Down to earth 574.5/CSE

Bhushan Chandra,CSE Challenge of New Balance :Study of low

carbon growth options

574.52/BHU/CSE

Agarwal Anil,Narain

Sunita,CSE

Green politics, Global Environmental

Negotiation

574.52/CSE/AGA

Maharashtra Govt ; DIRD Status Report on Affected Area Well Water

Levels in Different Canal Command of

Maharashtra (7th

Report)

627.13/MAHA/DIR

D

DIRD/Maharashtra Govt Report On pre Irrigation soil survey upper

MANNAR LIS Ahmedpur Latur

627.8/DIRDMAH

Maharashtra Govt /WRD Effect of Changing Water Allocation In

Jaykwadi Project ; Purpose Drivens Study

(PDS)

627.8/MAH/WRD

Wasnik,K.P. Women In Agriculture Strategy for socio

economic empowerment

630.204/WAS

YSW Infosys: NAFARI Pune Agri- Food Directory 630.3/YSW/NAFAR

I

Murty V V N ; Jha Madan K Land And Water Management Engineering

(6th

Edition)

631.7/MUR/JHA

Shah Tushar : DSC Whose water is it ; Any way evolving Rights

over canal water ; Case study

631.7031/SHA/DSC

डवे्हलपमेन्ट सपोटण सेन्टर अहमदाबाद

सहभागी ससचंाई प्रबंधन आओ समझें गुजरात की अनुभवी ससचंाई मंडलीयों की अपनाने जैसी कायणप्रणालीयोंको

H631.70334/DSC

Ahuja Pratul : DSC Impact of participatory Irrigation

Management on Economic Growth

631.70334/AHU/DS

C

Kunte

Y.N.;Kawthalkar,M.P.

Principles of Horticulture Fruit Growing 635/KUN/KAW

ICAR: Chandra K.L. Hand book of Horticulture 635/ICAR/CHA

II संस्थेद्वारा पाणी वापर II पनयोजनाचा सुयोग्य वापर II

20

Addresses of other WALMI’s

1) Director General

Water & Land Management Training

Research Institute (WALMTARI)

Rajendranagar, Himayatsagar,

HYDRABAD-(A.P.) 500 030

Phone : 040-24015282 (O),

040-23817732 ®

FAX : 040-24016661

E-Mail : [email protected]

2) The Chief Engineer & Director

Water & Land Management Institute,

Irrigation Dept, Government of Bihar,

Hardinge Road, Barrack No 5,

West Irrigation Secretariat

PATNA 800 001, BIHAR

Phone : 0612 –452204 (O)

FAX : 0612-452232

3) The Chief Engineer & Director

Water & Land Management Institute,

P.B. No 80, Vadod Road, Anand,

GUJRAT—388 110

Phone: 02692- 61851,62450

FAX :02692-41651

4) Director

Water &Land Management Institute

WALMI Hills,Kaliasote Dam, kolar Road

P.B.No.535, Ravishankarnagar BHOPAL-462 016,M.P.

Phone-: 0755-2492673-(O)

FAX : 0755-2492432 [email protected]

[email protected]

5) Director

Water &Land Management Institute

WALMI, At Pratapnagari, P.O.Telengapentha, Cuttack-, ORISSA,India,753051

Phone-(0671)2686426,2686431,2686432 (O)

FAX: (0671)2686430

mailto:[email protected]



21

6) Director

Irrigation Management & Training

Institute,Dadabari Road,Near CAD circle,

Kota Junction

Kota-324004- RAJASTHAN Phone: 0744—500642,500682 (O)

FAX: 0744- 427029,421930

7) Director

Irrigation Managememt & Training Institute

P.O.Box 16,V.V.Kottai Thuvakudy,Tiruchirappalli,620015,TAMILNADU.

Phone: 91431500088 (O)

FAX:91431500603

Email:[email protected]

8) Director

Water & Land Management Institute

WALMI Bhawan,Utratia,

LUCKNOW-226 025,U.P.

Phone:0522-440309/440553

FAX : 0522-440309

E-Mail: [email protected]

9) Director

Water &Land management Institute

Belur, Industrial area,P.B.No.6,PB Road post Mummigatti,Dharwad-580001

KARNATAKA

Phone-0836-2486893,

Fax-0836-2486889

Email:[email protected]

10) Director

North Eastern Regional Institute of

Water &Land management (NERIWALM)

Government of India, P.O. Kaliabhomora,

Dolabari, TEZPUR-784027 ASSAM

Phone:03712-220686/231007/232007

FAX: 03712-221977

E-mail:[email protected]

II नगरेपच रचावी II जलशये पनमावी II महावने लावावी नानापवधे II संत ज्ञानेश्वर


22

Indian Media on Water Management

वततमान पत्रातील लेखाचा आढावा : 1

शीर्तक: शास्त्रीय पध्दतीने तयार करा शेततळे

लेखक : प्रा. मदन पेंडके

स्त्रोत : सकाळ ॲग्रोवन शुक्रवार 28 फेब्रुवारी 2014, पृष्ठ क्र.15

पावसाच्या अननयनमतपणामुळे जेव्हा पावसाअभावी नपकास ताण पडतो, अशा वळेी शेततळ्यात साठनवलेल्या पाण्यामधून एखाददुसरे पाणी नपकास देता येते. जेथे सहजासहजी नवहीर खोदणे शक्य होत नाही, तेथे पावसाचे वाहून जाणारे पाणी साठनवण्यासाठी शास्त्रीय पध्दतीने शेततळे तयार करावे, शेततळे तयार करताना नवचारात घ्यावयाच्या बाबींबाबत या लेखात मानहती नदली आहे लेखकाच्या म्हणण्यानुसार शेततळी ही दोन प्रकारची आहेत 1) शेतात खड्डा तयार करुन त्याचा तलाव करणे 2) नाल्यात आडवा बाांध टाकून पाणी आडवनू तयार केलेला तलाव.

जागेची पनवड करताना खालील प्रमाणे काळजी घ्यावी .

शेतात उपलबध असलेल्या खोलगट भागात योग्य आकारमानाचे शेततळे कराव.े जागा ननवडताना शेतातील सवव पाणी त्या ननवडलेल्या जागेजवळ एकनरत येईल याप्रमाणे वळवावे.

शेततळ्यासाठी खोलगट, दलदलीची व शेताच्या खालच्या बाजूची जमीन ननवडावी.

शेततळ्याची जागा ननवडताना पाण्याच्या प्रवाहाच्या मागावर ननवडू नये, कारण अशी जागा ननवडल्यास तळी गाळाने लवकर भरतात. त्यामुळे शेततळी प्रवाहाच्या बाजूला थोड्या अांतरावर खोदानवत.

मजगी गटाच्या वरील खाचराांच्या नठकाणी/ जवळ शेततळ्यासाठी जागा ननवडावी. सभोवताली जमीन दलदल व नचबड होईल अशा नठकाणी शेततळे घेण्यात येऊ नये.

ज्या नठकाणी जनमनीचा उतार सववसाधारण तीन टक्क्याांपयवत असेल, त्या नठकाणी शेततळे घ्याव.े

पजतन्यमान

शेततळ्यात करावयाचा पाणीसाठा अपधावतूेन उपलब्ध होण्यासाठी सांबांनधत तालुक्यातील वार्षिक सरासरी पावसाचा नवचार करावा.

शेततळ्याभोवतालचा भराव शेततळ्याची खोदलेली माती वापरुन शेततळ्याभोवती दोन मीटर रुां दीचा वमव सोडून एक मीटर उांचीचा बाांध घालावा बाांधाचा माथा एक मीटर बाजू उतार याचा 1:1.5 इतका ठेवावा असे लेखात म्हटले आहे.

23

पाणी आत घेण्याचा मागत (इनलेट )

शेतात ज्या नठकाणी शेततळे घेतलेले आहे तेथून ओघळीपयवत साधारण 10 मीटर लाांबीचा व 1.5 ते 2 मीटर रुां दीचा इनलेट चर तयार करावा.

चराची खोली 0.50 मी पयंत घ्यावी. त्यास आवश्यक पण दोन टक्क्यापेक्षा उतार देऊन 20 ते 25 से.मी.जाडीचे आकाराचे दगडाांचे आच्छादन कराव.े

ओघळीचे पाणी इनलटमध्ये घेण्यासाठी ओघळीमध्ये छोटेसे लूजबोल्डर स्त्रक्चर कराव ेककवा नसमेंटच्या मोकळ्या गोण्याांमध्ये वाळू भरुन त्या ओघळीत आडव्या टाकाव्यात, जेणे करुन त्याचा उपयोग ‘नसल्ट रॅप’ सारखा होईल. तसेच ओघळीचे पाणी शेततळ्यात येण्यासाठी होईल.

पाणी बाहेर जाण्याचा मागत (आउटलेट)

शेततळे पाण्याने पूणव भरल्यानांतर जादा झालेले पाणी ओघळीमध्ये सुरनक्षतपणे सोडण्यासठी आउटलेट तयार कराव.े इनलेट प्रमाणेच आउटलटेचे काम कराव.ेआउटलटेची रुां दी 1.50 ते 2 मीटर, खोली 0.50 मीटर आनण तळाची धूप होऊ नये म्हणून उतार दोन टक्क्यापेक्षा कमी ठेवावा. तळाांस दगडी आच्छदन कराव.े

आउटलेटमधून बाहेर जाणारे पाणी शेतीसाठी जेव्हा पानहजे तेव्हा धेण्यासाठी पाट करुन घ्यावा. आऊटलेटची लाांबी शेततळ्यापासून ओघळीपयंत साधारणपणे 10 नमटर ठेवावी.

आऊटलेट खोदकाम करताना त्याला जमीनीच्या प्रकारानुसार 1.5:1 ककवा 2:1 असे बाजू उतार द्यावते, दोन टक्क्यापेक्षा जास्त्त उतारावर ॲप्रॉन घालावे.

शेततळ्यांच्या जागा पनवडीचे खालील प्रमाणे तांपत्रक पनकर् लेखात पिले आहेत.

ज्या जनमनीतून पाणी पाझरण्याचे प्रमाण कमी आहे. अशी जमीन असलेल्या जागेची ननवड करावी. काळी जमीन ज्यात नचकणमातीचे प्रमाण जास्त्त आहे, अशा जमीनी शेततळ्यास योग्य असतात.

मुरमाड, वालुकामय सच्च्छद्र खडक ककवा खारवट अशी जमीन असलेली जागा शेततळ्यास ननवडू नये.

जमीनीचा उतार सववसाधारण तीन टक्क्याांपयंत असेल त्या नठकाणी शेततळे करावे. मागणी केलेल्या आकारमानाचे शेततळे लाभार्थ्यांच्या स्त्वत:च्याच शेतात बसेल आनण चारही बाजूांनी

नकमान दहा फूट जागा राहील अशी जागा ननवडावी .

नाल्याच्या प्रवाहात शेततळे घेऊ नये.

सवव प्रकारच्या पाटबांधारे प्रकल्पाांच्या लाभके्षरात शेततळी घेण्यात येऊ नयेत.

पाणलोटाचे के्षर शेततळ्यात पाणीसाठा होईल इतके असावे.

पजवन्यमान व स्त्थननक भौगोनलक पनरच्स्त्थतीनुसार कमीत कमी 1000 घ. मी. पाणी वरील पाणलोट के्षरातून उपलब्ध होणार असेल अशाच नठकाणी शेततळे घेण्यात याव ेपाणलोट के्षरातून येणारे पाणी हे शेततळ्याच्या पाणीसाठा क्षमतेपेक्षा जास्त्त असावे.

24

सभोवतालच्या जनमनीत दलदल व नचबड होईल तसेच शेततळे व त्यातून पाणी पाझरुन लगतच्या शेतक-याांच्या स्त्थावर, जांगम मालमते्तचे नुकसान होईल अशा नठकाणी शेततळे घेण्यात येऊ नये.

बाष्पीभवन कमी करण्यासाठी उपाययोजना

जानेवारी मनहन्यापासून वाढत्या तापमानामुळे शेततळ्यातील पाण्याचे बाष्पीभवन वगेाने होऊन पाणीसाठा कमी होतो. पनरणामी नपकाांना सांरनक्षत कसचन देण्यासाठी पुरेसा पाणी साठा उपलब्ध होत नाही.

बाष्पीभवन कमी करण्यासाठी ननम तेलाचा वापर करावा. या तेलाचा वापर दर 15 नदवस अांतराने करावा. याचे प्रमाण साधारणत: 30 नम.नल. / चौ.मी.असे असाव ेयाव्यनतनरक्त बाजारामध्ये नसटाईल अल्कोहोल ककवा त्यासारखी रसायने उपलब्ध असल्यास त्याांचा वापर करता येतो.

शेततळ्यासाठी अस्तर

ज्या जनमनीत पाणी धरुन ठेवण्याची क्षमता अत्यांत कमी आहे तसेच पाणी पाझरण्याचा वगेही प्रचांड आहे. त्यामूळे पावसाळ्यात पाण्याचे पूणव भरलेले शेततळे काही नदवसाांत कोरडे होते. पयायाने शेततळ्याचे अपेनक्षत फायदे शेतक-याांना नमळू शकत नाहीत.

नवनवध अभ्यासावरुन असे नदसले, की प्लॅच्स्त्टकचे कापड पाणी साठनवण्यासाठी अनतशय उपयोगी आहे. शेततळ्यास अस्त्तरीकरण कराव.े

अस्त्तरीकरणासाठी बेन्टोनाईट, माती-नसमेंटनमश्रण, दगड,नवटा,नसमेंट नमश्रण, नचकण माती ककवा प्लॅच्स्त्टक नफल्मचा वापर करावा. नसमेंट व माती प्रमाण 1:8 व जाडी पाच सें.मी. इतकी ठेवतात. प्लॅच्स्त्टक नफल्म वापरताना त्याची जाडी 300 ते 500 जी.एस.एम. असावी यावर उन्हाचा ककवा अनतनील नकरणाांचा नवपरीत पनरणाम होत नाही.

प्लॅच्स्त्टकचे कापड शेततळ्यात पसरवताना मुरमाची ककवा मातीची अणकुचीदार टोके वर येऊ नयेत याची काळजी घ्यावी. तसे असल्यास सुक्या मातीचे ककवा वाळूचे थर पसरुन त्यावर प्लॅच्स्त्टकचे कापड घड्या पडणार नाहीत या पध्दतीने टाकावे.

शेततळ्याची पनगा खालील प्रमाणे राखावी

शेततळी ही काळ्या खोल जनमनीत बाांधली गेली असतील तर अशा जनमनीत पाणी नझरपून पाण्याचे प्रमाण कमी राहते; परांतु शेततळ्यात गाळ राहण्याचे प्रमाण जास्त्त असते. यामुळे काही कालाांतराने शेततळ्याची पाणी साठवण क्षमता कमी होते.

शेततळे घेणपूवी मृद् जल सांधारणाचे उपाय करावते, जेणेकरुन पावसाच्या वाहून येणा-या पाण्याबारेबरच गाळ वाहून येणार नाही. शेततळ्यात गाळ येऊ नये म्हणून पाण्याचा प्रवाह ज्या नठकाणी शेततळ्यात गाळ येऊ नये म्हणून आधी 2 मीटर x 2 नमटर x1 नमटर आकाराचे खोदकाम कराव.े पाणी ज्या बाजूने ननगवनमत होते, त्या नठकाणी गवत लावाव.े त्यामुळे गाळ खड्ड्ड्यामध्ये साचेल आनण प्रवाहाबरोबर आलेल्या गाळाची गवतामुळे गाळणी होईल.

25

ब-याच नठकाणी शेततळयाांचे सवेक्षण केल्यानांतर असे नदसले, की ज्या शेतक-याांनी शेततळ्यात पाणी जाणा-या तोंडामध्ये व तसेच खालच्या तोंडात फाांदेरी बांधा-याचे ककवा दगड-नवटाांचा वापर करुन उपचार केले आहेत, त्या शेततळ्यात फारसे नुकसान झाले नाही. ज्या शेतामध्ये उताराला आडवी ककवा समतल मशागत केलेली आहे, अशा शेतातील शेततळ्यात गाळ व माती वाहून आलेली नाही.

शेततळ्याच्या मुखात केलेल्या फाांदेरी बांधा-याांना (काळ्या खोल जनमनीतील) व इतर जनमनीतील दगड-नवटा वापरलेल्या नठकाणी तर फार कमी प्रमाणात गाळ जमतो फाांदेरी बांधा-याच्या वरच्या बाजूच्या खोलगट भागात गाळ साचतो.

ब-याच नठकाणी शेततळे भरल्यानांतर जास्त्तीचे पाणी खालच्या तोंडातून मोकळे न वाहाता ते शेततळ्याच्या वरच्या बाजूने शेतात मागे पसरलेले नदसते. याचा अथव असा, की शेततळ्याचे खालचे तोंड हे वरच्या तोंडापेक्षा उांच ठेवलेले आहे. त्यामुळे शेततळ्यात पाणी आत येणा-या तोंडापेक्षा पाणी बाहेर जाणारे तोंड हे नकमान सहा इांच तरी खाली असावे.

अशा रीतीने शेततळे तयार करताांना वरील सव ं बाबी नवचारात घ्याव्यात. त्यामुळे पावसाचे जास्त्तीतजास्त्त पाणी साठवनू शेतीसाठी वापरता येईल.

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वततमान पत्रातील लेखाचा आढावा : 2

शीर्तक: योजना सामूनहक शेततळ्याची

लेखक : पुणे प्रनतननधी

स्त्रोत : सकाळ ॲग्रोवन शुक्रवार 28 फेब्रुवारी 2014, प्रष्ठ क्र. 10

राष्रीय फलोत्पादन अनभयानाांतगवत सामूनहक शेततळे ही योजना शांभर टक्के अनुदानावर राबनवण्यात येत आहे. या योजनेचा लाभ शेतक-याांनी घेऊन सांरनक्षत पाण्याची सोय करावी यासाठी पाण्याचे सांरनक्षत स्त्रोत ननमाण करणे, साठनवलेले पाणी नझरपून वाया जाऊ नये आनण पाणीटांचाईच्या काळात फळबाग जगनवण्यासाठी साठनवलेल्या पाण्याचा उपयोग व्हावा म्हणून त्या शेततळ्यास योग्य दजाच्या प्लचॅ्स्त्टक नफल्मचे अस्त्तरीकरण करण्याबाबत कें द्र शासनाच्या सूचना आहेत.

सामूपहक शेततळ्याचे प्रकार

मॉडेल क्र. 1: 2 मी. खोदकाम व 3 मी.बाांधाची उांची (Half Dug out)

मॉडेल क्र.2: पूणवपणे खोदकाम करुन करावयाचे शेततळे (Fully Dugout)

मॉडेल क्र. 3: बोडी प्रकारचे सामूनहक शेततळे (Bodi Type)

सामूनहक शेततळ्यातील पाण्याचा उपयोग लाभाथींनी फळ नपकाांच्या कसचनाकनरता करणे अपेनक्षत आहे.

लाभाथी पनवडीचे पनकर्

सामुनहक शेततळ्याचा लाभ लहान शेतकरी, आनदवासी व मागासवगीय शेतक-याांना प्राधान्याने देणे अपेनक्षत आहे.

योजना राबनवताना अनुसूनचत जाती (16 टक्के), अनुसूनचत जमाती (8 टक्के), आनदवासी , मनहला (30 टक्के), लहान शेतकरी इत्यादींना प्राधान्याने ननयमाप्रमाणे लाभ देण्यात यावा.

लाभाथी सांयुक्त कुटुांबातील नसावते.ते वगेवगेळया कुटुांबातील असावते तसेच त्याांचे जमीनधारणेबाबतचे खातेउतारे स्त्वतांर असावते.

शेततळ्यातील पाणी वापरण्यासाठी अनधकानधक कायवक्षमता असलेल्या कसचन पध्दतीचा (नठबक, तुिार इत्यादी) वापर करणे बांधनकारक आहे.

जेवढे के्षर सध्या समूहामध्ये फळनपकाखालील असते, तेवढ्या के्षरासाठीच सामूनहक शेततळे देण्यात येईल.ज्या शेतक-याांनी 2005-06 नांतर फळबाग लागवड केलेली असेल, अशा लाभार्थ्याना प्राधान्य देण्यात येईल.

लाभाथी समूहाकडे फळबाग लागवड असणे आवश्यक आहे. भनवष्यात होणा-या फळबाग लागवडीचा नवचार करण्यात येऊ नये.

सामुनहक शेततळ्याचा वापर दोन अथवा अनधक लाभार्थ्यांनी करावा.

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सामुनहक शेततळ्याचे नठकाण फळनपकाच्या लाभके्षराच्या नजीक असाव,े त्यामुळे तलावातील पाणी कमीत कमी कष्टाांत व खचामध्ये सांपूणव फळबाग के्षरात देता येईल.

शेततळयातील पाणीवापराबद्यल तसेच शेततळ्याच्या जनमनीबद्यल लाभार्थ्यांमध्ये आपसामध्ये सामांजस्त्याचा करार प्रपर-7 नुसार करावा. शेततळ्याचा वापर अपेनक्षत पध्दतीने करण्यात येईल, असा शेतक-याांनी शासनाकडे प्रपर-8 नुसार करार करावा.

या लेखामध्ये अनुिान पवतपरत करण्याची पध्ित खालील प्रमाणे पिली आहे

>पपहला टप्पा: मातीकाम

मातीकाम पूणव झाल्यावर 8 नदवसाांच्या आत मापनपुच्स्त्तका नोंदणीसह नजल्हा अधीक्षक कृिी अनधकारी कायालयात अनुदान नवतनरत करण्यासाठी पाठनवणे आवश्यक आहे. खोदकामाचे अनुदान नवतरण करताना खोदकामाच्या मांजूर रकमेच्या 80 टक्के अनुदान नवतनरत कराव.े

िुसरा टप्पा: काटेरी तारेचे कुां पण करणे

काटेरी तारेचे कुां पण पुणव झाल्यावर 8 नदवसाच्या आत मापनपुच्स्त्तका नोंदणीसह नजल्हा अधीक्षक कृिी अनधकारी कायवलयात अनुदान नवतनरत करण्यासाठी पाठनवणे आवश्यक आहे. काटेरी तारेच्या कुां पणासाठी अनुदान नवतरण करताना कुां पणासाठी देय असलेली पूणव रक्कम लाभाथीला देण्यात यावी.

पतसरा टप्पा: नफल्म अस्त्तरीकरण करणे

नफल्म अस्त्तरीकरण पूणव झाल्यावर 8 नदवसाच्या आत मापनपुच्स्त्तकेत नोंद घेऊन या बाबीसाठी मांजुर असणारे पूणव अनुदान (100 टक्के) नवतरण करण्यात याव.े

चौथा टप्पा : शेततळयात पाणी भरल्यानांतर

शेततळयामध्ये पाणी भरल्यावर खोदकामाचे उववनरत 20 टक्के देय अनुदान नवतनरत करण्यात येते.

वरील सवव टप्प्याांतगवत देय अनुदान शेतकरी समूहाच्या सामूनहक बँक खात्यावर जमा केली जाते एम.एन. आर. ई.जी.एस. अांतगवत खोदलेल्या शेततलावास नफल्टरेशन युननट बसनवणे लाभार्थ्यांना बांधनकारक आहे.

पूणतपणे खोिाई करावयाच्या सामूपहक शेततळ्याचा तपशील (Fully Dugout)

खालील चौकटीत नदलेल्या आकारमानाच्या एम.आर.ई.जी.एस. अांतगवत खोदलेल्या शेततळ्याांना आकारमानाच्या देय असलेल्या रकमेबाबत प्लॅच्स्त्टक नफल्म अनुदान देय राहील.

बाांधासनहत व बाांधनवरनहत 10,000 घनमीटर (प्रपर -5 अ),8000घन मीटर (प्रपर -5 ब), 6000 घनमीटर (प्रपर -5क) 5000घनमीटर (प्रपर 5 ड), 4000 घनमीटर (प्रपर 5इ) 3000 घनमीटर

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( प्रपर-5 ई ),2000 घनमीटर (प्रपर -5 फ ),घनमीटर साठवण क्षमतेच्या शेततळ्याच्या खोदाईसाठी नैसर्षगक सखलतेचा नवचार करुन शेततळ्याची खोली 1 ते 3 मीटरपयंत गृनहत धरलेली आहे.

सामुनहक शेततळ्यासाठी वाहून जाणारे पाणी जमा करण्यासाठी इनलेट, जादाचे पाणी वाहून जाण्यासाठी आऊटलेट कराव.े

या प्रकाराच्या सामूनहक शेततळ्यामध्ये वाहून जाणारे पाणी साठनवणे अपेनक्षत असल्यामुळे वाहून येणा-या पाण्यातील गाळ शेततळ्यामध्ये जाऊ नये म्हणून नफल्टरेशन टँक तयार करणे आवश्यक आहे. नफल्टरेशन टँक तयार करण्याकनरता 2x2x2 मी.आकाराचा खड्डा करुन त्यामधून पाणी वाहून जाण्याची सोय करावी. जेणेकरुन पाण्यातील गाळ त्या खड्ड्ड्यामध्ये बसून राहील व गाळणी केलेले पाणी शेततळ्यामध्ये जाईल. त्यामुळे अस्त्तरीकरण केलेल्या प्लॅच्स्त्टक शीटवर गाळ साचणार नाही.

अशा प्रकारच्या नफल्टरेशन टँकमध्ये वरच्या थरात 50 ते 100 नमनलमीटर जाडीची खडी, मधल्या थरात 5 ते 10 नमनलमीटर जाडीची बारीक खडी आनण सवात खालच्या थरामध्ये 2 ते 4 नमनलमीटर जाडीची वाळू वापरणे आवश्यक आहे. या नफल्टरेशन टँकसाठी सुमारे रुपये 10,000 खचव अपेनक्षत आहे.

यानशवाय पाणी गाळण्यासाठी शेतक-याने दुसरी व्यवस्त्था केली असल्यास हरकत नाही. तथापी वाहून येणा-या पाण्यातील गाळ सामूनहक शेततळ्यात जाणार नाही याची दक्षता घ्यावी अशा प्रकारच्या शेततळयामध्ये बाांधासनहत व बाांधानवरनहत अशा दोन्हीही प्रकारच्या सामूनहक शेततळ्याचे अांदाजपरक नदललेे आहे.

वाहून जाणारे पाणी साठवणूक करुन पूणवपणे खोदाई केलेल्या सामूनहक शेततळ्यामध्ये पाण्याची उांची 3.10 मीटर ठेवण्यात यावी.

अनधक मानहतीसाठी सांपकाचा पत्ता खालील प्रमाणे नदला आहे.

1) महाराष्र राज्य फलोत्पादन आनण औिधी वनस्त्पती मांडळ, साखर सांकुल, नशवाजीनगर, पुणे 411005

-020 25534860, 25513228

e-mail :[email protected]

2) सांचालक फलोत्पादन, कृिी आयुक्तालय, पुणे -020- 25538095, 25537565

e-mail -agridhrt @mah.nic.in

II ससचनाला नाही पयाय II पाणी अडवा हाच उपाय II


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