Alarm-Net Wireless Sensor Networks for Assisted-Living

and Residential Monitoring

University of Virginia Department of Computer Science

Real-Time Resident Monitoring and Front EndsA General User Interface, on a base station, permits users access to the resident medical and personal information. A PDA displays key information, such as accelerometer data, patient pulse-rate, and environmental temperature.

www.cs.virginia.edu/wsn/medical/

John A. Stankovic, Sang Son, Kamin Whitehouse

Research TopicsWireless Sensor Networks Infrastructure. Heterogeneous power management depending on the life habits of the resident, topology, routing, network arbitration, aggregation, caching.Robust Routing. Support for fl exible developmentDynamic privacy. The system monitors and collects patient data, subject to privacy policies, depending on the current behavioral status of the resident, and detected anomalies.Security. Lightweight security mechanisms are being developed for routing, denial of service, and other attacks. Data association. To know who is doing what in a system where biometric identifi cation is not always accessible & where multiple persons may be present at the same time.Data fusion. Back-end software programs to analyze autonomy, behavior and health status of the resident.

Long-term Resident MonitoringAt the back-end database, a medical application monitors the Circadian Activity Rhythms (CAR) to extract activity patterns and detect behavioral anomalies.

PeopleResearch Staff: Leo Selavo, Gilles VironeStudents: Anthony Wood, Qiuhua Cao, Shan Lin, Zhimin He, Yafeng Wu, Radu Stoleru

CollaboratorsUVA Medical School MARC lab, Harvard, Johns Hopkins, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

AlarmNet is a residential body and wireless sensor network (WSN) for smart healthcare that will open up new opportunities for resident health monitoring in assisted or independent living facilities. This brochure describes our vision, architecture, objectives, and advantages of the system.

Multi-Sensor Data Aquisition

ArchitectureQuality of life• Well-being, Autonomy, Comfort• Cognition, Nutrition, Hygiene AidsResident Health Remote Monitoring• Real-time, Alarms • Long-term for longitudinal studies Climate Monitoring• Environmental control• Pollution detectionSecurity & Privacy• Protects integrity of data• Keeps data private

Advantages

a Aquisitiona Aquisition

Indoor temperature and luminosity sensors

Pulse-oximeter and heart rate sensor

Motion Sensors located in each room track the location of the resident.

Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Sensor

EKG SensorEKG Sensor

Harvard University

Medical Automation Research Center

Bed sensor. Based on an air bladder strip, it records bed movements, breathing and heart rate.

Wireless Sensor Network Architectural Components

Wearable SeeMote with LCD.

Frequency analyzer app Backbone. The backbone connects traditional systems, such as PDAs, PCs, and in-network databases, to the emplaced sensor network. Nodes possess signifi cant storage and computation

An LCD mote, used for wearable applications, enables sensor readings, reminders and queries, and can accept simple inputs from the wearer.

In-network and Back-end Databases. One or more nodes connected to the backbone are dedicated in-network databases for real-time processing and temporary caching. Back-end databases are located at the control center for long-term archiving, monitoring and data mining for longitudinal studies.

A body network, embedded in a jacket, records human activities such as walking, eating and stillness using three 2-axis accelerometers. It also incorporates a GPS to track outdoor location.

Emplaced Sensor Network. Sensor devices deployed in the assisted living environment (rooms, hallways, units, furniture) are connected to a more resourceful backbone. Sensors communicate wirelessly using multi-hop routing and may use either wired or battery power. Flexible (re)deployment is supported.

capability, for query processing privacy, security, and location services.