Winda 69100070

Needs analysis

Testing

Curriculum design

Four fundamental decisions in making tests :1.Proficiency2.Placement3.Achievement4.Diagnostic

- To measure general knowldege, overall language ability

- can be used to compare regional branches of a particular language program

- are not designed to measure specific types of language teaching and learning

- Is necessary to determine exit and entrance standards for a curriculumExample : TOEFL test, TOEIC test, IELTS test

Are designed to group students of similar ability levels in the same class

Example : placement test

AchievementAchievement• Are designed to directly linked to the program goals and objectives - the information gained can be used in reexamining the needs analysis, in selecting materials, teaching strategies and in evaluating program effectiveness-Example : monthly test

To obtain detailed information about students’ strength and weakness.

Are administered at the beginning or in the middle of course

Example : Arithmetic test about addition and

subtraction

Norm-Referenced

measure general language abilities or proficiencies

Spread students out along proficiencies

Normal distribution

A few long subtests

Students have no idea what types of questions to expect

Criterion-Referenced

Measure specific points based on course objectives

Asses material known by student

Students can all score 100 if they know the material

Short, each testing one objective

Students know exactly what to expect on test

Table 4.2 Matching tests to decision purposes (page 118)

Adopt : tests are adopted from other language programs or taken straight from the current textbookDevelop : develop test that suits with the program Adapt : if preexisting test that works fairly well, but not perfectly can be adapted to the specific testing needs of a particular program.

Table 4.3 Test Evaluation Checklist

Table 4.4 A Checklist for successful Testing

Testing in English Language Institute

Procedures to ensure that students are working at the level that most benefit all parties concerned :1. Initial screening procedure s (TOEFL 500-599)2. Placement procedures - discrete-point (it tests the discrete bits and pieces of language) - integrative (integrate and use variety of different language skills)3. First-week assessment procedures4. Criterion-referenced diagnostic and Achievement Procedures

Incorrect decisions can cost a student a great deal in the form of extra tuition paid or unnecessary time spent.

Why do we need to make the correct test?