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wind.notebook 1 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM The three types of heat transfer are: Radiation which is heat transfer by electromagnetic waves Conduction which is heat transfer by contact from warm to cool areas Convection which is heat transfer by the movement of air or a fluid Wind Sep 109:23 PM Wind is the movement of air from high pressure to areas of low pressure. A convection cell is a large, circular pattern of air. There are convection cells that are almost the size of the Earth! When warm air rises, it creates a low pressure (space). Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. This creates wind!

Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

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Page 1: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

wind.notebook

1

September 25, 2014

Sep 10­9:23 PM

The three types of heat transfer are:     Radiation ­ which is heat transfer by electromagnetic waves     Conduction ­ which is heat transfer by contact from warm to cool areas     Convection ­ which is heat transfer by the movement of air or a fluid

Wind

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Wind is the movement of air from high pressure to areas of low pressure.

A convection cell is a large, circular pattern of air.  There are convection cells that are almost the size of the Earth!

When warm air rises, it creates a low pressure (space).  Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.  This creates wind! 

Page 2: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

wind.notebook

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September 25, 2014

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Winds are affected by the Coriolis Effect.  This is the curving of winds because of Earth’s rotation.  In the Northern Hemisphere, this makes winds that are going south curve to the west.  Winds that are going north curve to the east.  This creates three smaller convection cells in each hemisphere. nasa.gov:  Coriolis Effect

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Global Winds

Tropical Easterlies (Trade Winds): This is the belt extending as far as 30° north and south latitude of the Inter­tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). These are warm, steady breezes that blow almost continuously. 

Doldrums: This is the very low pressure area along the equator where prevailing winds are calmest. This low pressure area is caused by the constant heating of the sun. This belt extends to about 5° north and south of the equator and is where the trade winds coming from the south and the north meet.

Page 3: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

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September 25, 2014

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Horse Latitudes: The horse latitudes are located at about 30 degrees north and south of the equator, between the trade winds and prevailing westerlies.  This is an area of high pressure with calm winds, sunny skies and little or no precipitation.

Prevailing Westerlies: This is the belt extending from 30° to 60° latitude from the ITCZ. In the Northern Hemisphere, these are responsible for much of the weather movements across the US and Canada.

Polar Easterlies: This belt covers from 60° latitudes to the north and south poles.

Global Winds

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Global Winds

Winds are named for where they blow from.  The prevailing westerlies blow from the west.  A north wind blows from the north.  A south wind blows from the south, and so on. In the United States the prevailing westerlies move our weather. This means most of our weather comes from the west.

Page 4: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

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September 25, 2014

Sep 10­9:23 PM

Our weather is also affected by the jet stream.  The jet stream is a narrow band of high speed winds that blow in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere.  They can blow up to 400 km/h!  The jet stream makes it possible for planes flying from the west to fly faster than they do when they fly from the east.  The jet stream also moves storms across the U.S.

Winds patterns can be as big as the Earth, or can be smaller, like the winds we see at the beach.  Winds can cover either big (global) or small (local) spaces.

Sep 10­9:23 PM

A sea breeze happens during the day.  Land heats up more quickly than water, so warm air rises over the land and creates a low pressure.  Cooler air moves in from over the water, creating wind from over the sea.

Local Winds

Sea Breeze

Page 5: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

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September 25, 2014

Sep 10­9:23 PM

A land breeze happens during the night.  Land cools more quickly than water, so  warm air rises over the water and creates a low pressure.  Cooler air moves in from over the land, creating wind from over the land.

Land Breeze

Sep 11­2:23 PM

When the valley floor warms during the day, warm air rises up the slopes of surrounding mountains and hills to create a  valley breeze. 

Valley Breeze

Page 6: Wind - PBworksseventhscience.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/29918014/wind.pdf · wind.notebook 5 September 25, 2014 Sep 109:23 PM A land breeze happens during the night. Land cools more

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September 25, 2014

Sep 15­4:33 PM

At night, denser cool air slides down the slopes to settle in the valley, producing a mountain breeze.

Mountain Breeze