Slide 1

Slide 2

Why is it important to plan ahead for a hunting trip? Increase chance of finding and taking game Extends time of the total experience Avoids frustrations Not having proper equipment Wasted time from getting lost Possible injury

Slide 3

What factors should you consider when planning a hunting trip? Size of hunting party plan according to number of people. Physical condition Endurance and strength will be needed Know you imitations and condition in advance Emergencies be prepared with firt aid kit and CPR training Schedule & Routes Always leave someone with your location & return time Plan destination & route in advance

Slide 4

Equipment Use firearms and archery equipment in advance. It will help you discover potential problems and practice marksmanship skills. Pack lightly If you know you will need it take it but if you think you will need it leave it at home Learn to use a compass or GPS and to interpret maps Seek information about the species you are hunting

Slide 5

When is it appropriate to begin planning a hunt? Begin during current season and continue year round. Scouting - observe behavior, habits and feeding patterns. Become familiar with territory and terrain. Steps to scouting: Obtain maps of the area. Use a compass. Look for deer signs: bedding areas, droppings, trails, tracks, sheds, scrapes and rubs depending on time of year. Record observations

Slide 6

When to Scout Winter scouting easy to locate trails, tracks, droppings, bedding areas and possibly rubs and sheds. Spring scouting last falls rutting scrapes and rubs may still be found as well as trails, tracks and droppings. Summer scouting watch for feeding in open areas. Strategy planning done in advance

Slide 7

What items should be featured on a checklist for planning a large wildlife mammal hunt? Select an area to hunt Get permission well in advance Use a map and GPS or compass. Shelter or lodging Hunting cabin repairs. Local lodging reserve well in advance. Food Plan out the menu to avoid shortages. 4,000-6,000 calories per day needed because of increased physical activity.

Slide 8

Equipment List GPS/CompassMapFlashlight First aid kitWhistleCamera Candles/matchesBinocularsToilet paper Various ropesUrine bottleWater bottle ScentsSeat cushionWatch Firearm/BowAmmunition/ArrowsLicense/tag Field dressing equipmentKnapsackGPS/Compass

Slide 9

Firearm/archery equipment Firearms Selection based on Personal preference and shooting ability Type of hunting, caliber and range needed Cost of gun, ammunition, extra equipment Challenge a particular gun offers Preferred action

Slide 10

Factors to consider when purchasing a firearm Fit important for accuracy Scopes a variety of sights available: open, peep, 4-plex, post, dot, crosshair Weights lighter guns are easier to carry but heavier guns kick less. Actions need for quick second shot and accuracy factor

Slide 11

Four types of firearms used for hunting Rifle Shotgun Muzzle loader Handgun (rarely used)

Slide 12

Rifles Thicker, shorter barrel, rifling on inside of barrel, used for hunting large game animals. 5 types of action: Pump Bolt Single Shot Lever Semi-automatic

Slide 13

Pump rifle Fires rapidy Heavier to carry Most moving parts

Slide 14

Bolt rifle Most popular repeater A variety of calibers, weights and barrel lengths

Slide 15

Single shot rifle Easiest to handle Sturdy, reliable and accurate.

Slide 16

Lever action rifle Quick follow-up shots Good for areas with heavy cover.

Slide 17

Semi-automatic rifle Fires rapidly Recoil minimal Fires every time trigger is pulled Gas operated

Slide 18

Shotgun Longer barrel, typically used for upland game birds and waterfowl, shoots lead or steel pellets and slugs, typically a smooth barrel, suggest adding a rifled barrel to increase accuracy for hunting large game. 6 Actions Pump, single barrel repeater Semi-automatic, single barrel repeater Bolt single barrel repeater Break single barrel, single shot Break, side by side, double barrel Break, over and under, double barrel

Slide 19

Types of actions

Slide 20

Pump shotgun Single barrel repeater Must pump fore end to eject shells and fire again Holds up to 5 shells

Slide 21

Slide 22

Semi-Automatic shotgun Holds up to 5 shells Ejects shells automatically and is ready to fire again

Slide 23

Bolt action shotgun Ejects shell with bolt movement

Slide 24

Single shot shotgun Often used for young hunters as their first gun

Slide 25

Double barrel shotgun Two barrels side by side

Slide 26

Over and under shotgun Two barrels with the barrels arranged vertically

Slide 27

Video Shotgun types 101 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSUIFJzIX5s

Slide 28

Muzzleloaders Not as common Use black power Only one shot at a time Reload is slow process Used primarily for large game mammals

Slide 29

Muzzleloaders are available in three common designs. Historic replicas close or exact copies of antiques Most flintlock muzzleloaders and many Civil War vintage guns are in this category. Replica hunter modern adjustable sights can be easily mounted with scopes usually possess internal improvements of trigger and lock design are often fitted with synthetic stocks have rifling designs better suited to modern projectiles.

Slide 30

Muzzleloader types In-Line places modern rifle configurations into a muzzle loading package. an in-line can look just like any modern rifle. Most popular for hunting

Slide 31

Ammunition works in the following ways: The trigger releases the hammer. The hammer drives a firing pin into the primer area. The primer explodes which sets fire to the powder. The fire causes very high pressure. The gas pressure pushes the bullet or shot out of the firearm barrel.

Slide 32

Ammunition Accuracy, energy and trajectory that a bullet delivers inside the animal is critical Accuracy important for bullet placement. Energy function of a bullets velocity, weight, construction, and amount of penetration in animal. Trajectory affects accuracy starting at 100 yards.

Slide 33

Rifle ammunition has 4 parts Case Primer Powder Bullet Rifle Shell

Slide 34

TYPES OF CARTRIDGES Federal has two types of rifle ammunition: Centerfire: Has a separately made primer placed in the center of the head of the case. Centerfire cartridges are available in numerous calibers with different bullet weights, designs and velocities. Rimfire: Has a priming mixture placed around the inside of the case rim where the firing pin strikes. Rimfire calibers include the.22 LR,.17 HMR and the.22 WMR, and are used for target shooting and small game hunting. The primary difference between these two is the location of the priming mixture which ignites the powder-and how much powder propels the bullet.

Slide 35

Shotgun ammunition has 4 parts Case Primer Powder Bullet Shotgun shell

Slide 36

Types of Shotgun Ammunition Federal loads six different gauges of shotshells: 10, 12, 16, 20, 28 and 410. Their lengths and shot charges vary from the 212 inch12 oz. 410 to the 312 inch214 oz. 10 gauge. They are loaded with lead, steel and HEAVYWEIGHT shot, as well as slugs and buckshot. Lead Shot: Pellets and buckshot are formed by pouring melted lead through a sieve or swaged (formed in a die). Traditional wads for lead shot are molded from flexible, low-density polyethylene plastic and have a cushion section on the bottom. The cushion helps reduce the number of deformed pellets and recoil.

Slide 37

Steel Shot: Made by cutting steel wire into short lengths which are formed and ground. Premium shot is coated with a rust inhibitor. Wads for steel shot are molded from high- density polyethylene. They have thick sidewalls to prevent the pellets from contacting the shotgun bore surface. Steel shot ammunition requires large charges of special slow- burning powders to give the large shot column a gentler start but a faster exit from the bore. FLITESTOPPER Shot: Available in all-steel pellets for waterfowl and upland birds, and nickel-plated lead pellets for upland birds. Features a ring to cut on impact and better edge to edge patterns. HEAVYWEIGHT Shot: Pellets are made of tungsten-alloy. The FLITECONTROL wad protects the bore from hard pellets. Heavyweight shot is 35% denser than lead. This shot can be used in a steel safe barrel.

Slide 38

Sabot style slugs: Feature a lead or copper bullet enclosed in a polyethylene sleeve that grips the rifling to provide spin and increased accuracy. For rifled barrels only. Rifled or "Foster" slugs: Have helix ribbing to enhance stability through the bore. It has a hollow point that is designed for maximum expansion. The rifled slug is recommended for smooth bore shotgun barrels. There are similarities and differences in the component parts and construction of a shotshell. The head and primer are similar in all shells. The tube and base wad are either paper or plastic. The shot wad design and powder vary with the type of shotshell. Some of these loads have a granulated plastic buffer which prevents pellet deformation and produces tight, uniform patterns.

Slide 39

Shotgun Shells How Its Made Take a virtual tour of our plant to learn how Federal 12-gauge plastic Target shotshells are made!

Slide 40

Federal makes a variety of shotshells for every shotgunning pursuit. They all start as plastic pellets and our example here goes from pellet to pallet without being touched by a human hand. WELCOME TO THE FEDERAL PREMIUM PLANT

Slide 41

Did You Know Brown for 10-gauge Red (or black) for 12-gauge Purple for 16-gauge Yellow for 20-gauge Red for 28-gauge and.410 Federal was the first company to color-code our shotshells for safety and identification. We make the color variations by mixing colored pellets in with the white ones.

Slide 42

Step 1 Plastic pellets are melted down into a plastic tube

Slide 43

Step 2 We heat, stretch and cool the tube until it forms the hull. The process is called extruding. The machine that does this is called the Riefenhausernamed after the German engineer who built the first model.

Slide 44

Step 3 Hulls are cut to length as it comes off the Riefenhauser. They then move along to the next stage in the process.

Slide 45

Step 4 The case head is stamped out of sheets of metal. Brass for our Premium Gold Medal, and steel for our lower cost target loads. With a series of strikes of the stamp we have a fully- formed case head that has a flash-hole for the primer to spark in and even the markings on the rim

Slide 46

Step 5- Gold Medal Our Premium Gold Medal hulls are one piecewith an integral base.

Slide 47

Step 5 Top Gun Our lower cost target loads use a paper base wad to seat the primer in. Here the wads are rolled and inserted in the hulls.

Slide 48

Step 6 The hulls move to the primer insert and heading machine where it gets its primer and a case head

Slide 49

Step 7 Still untouched by human hands, the shell moves on to the loader where it gets its powder charge, shot wad and pellets.

Slide 50

Step 8 It's then crimped, labeled and ready for the packing line.

Slide 51

Step 9 Each shell is inspected by a skilled employee. The shells are then boxed, weighed and cased up for shipping to your local sporting goods store.

Slide 52

Step 10 The packaging process is completely automated and uses quality control systems to make sure each shotshell coming off the line is ready for your shell bag.

Slide 53

FINISHED PRODUCT Next stop, your local sporting goods store!

Slide 54

Other accessories Case Cleaning equipment Rest Scopes

Slide 55

Archery - Selection based on ability, accuracy,personal preference and cost Three types of bows are used for hunting large game mammals. Compound pulley and cam system, shoots arrows faster than other systems. Long Bows the original bow, uses long limbs to store and release energy. Recurve Bow limbs are shorter and have double flexed limb that store energy Arrows and other accessories such as: quiver, sights, bow stabilizer, cleaning equipment, etc., are other costs to consider

Slide 56

Compound Bow Similar to the medieval bows which we are all familiar with, the basic concept is that energy is stored in the limbs when the string is drawn and transferred into the arrow when it is released. This energy transfer provides the arrow with a propulsion, losing about 15-30% of that energy along the way. These means of firing an arrow are much more efficient than recurve bows because of their structurally rigid design and limbs. It it noted that energy is not in any way stored in the cams. it is only a means to transferring the energy. This is very similar to the way in which a drive shaft works in a car.

Slide 57

Step by Step Guide to Compound Bows http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2RCCG9RU DM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2RCCG9RU DM

Slide 58

Long Bows Traditional bows are favored by a wide variety of shooters, especially those who shoot for personal satisfaction and are not too interested in competition, though there are tournaments specifically for them. These bows are also popular in hunting, field archery

Slide 59

Recurve Bow The distinguishing feature of a recurve is the reverse curves at the ends; from the handle, the bow limbs curve gracefully toward the archer, then curve away at the ends. These reverse curves "re-curve," giving the bow its name. The recurve design produces a faster and more powerful shot than a traditional bow of comparable draw weight.

Slide 60

Clothing Outerwear and inner layers Warmth important for staying comfortable and minimize shaking. Quietness important to limit noise that is unnatural in the animals habitat. Color the visible portion of cap and outer clothing above the waist, excluding sleeves and gloves must be blaze orange. Camouflage blaze orange pattern is allowable as long as each square foot has at least 50 percent orange. Dryness staying dry is critical for remaining comfortable. Wool is the most common choice of fabric for warmth, quietness and dryness. Footwear Warmth, dryness and quietness important. Crepe or rubber soles allow you to feel the ground as you walk. Caps and gloves/mittens Warmth and dryness are the most important factors. Always include an extra pair of gloves/mittens just in case.

Slide 61

Stand hunting Most successful during early morning and late day. Hunter must wait patiently for an extended period of time above ground until the animal comes in range. Scouting the area for a good stand location is critical. Four elements for successful stand hunting are: Proper timing, good conditions, good stand location, patience and comfort.

Slide 62

Types of stands Elevated strap-on stands Self-climbing stands Permanent tree stands Ladder stands Tripod stands Ground stands or blinds

Slide 63

Still hunting Relies on knowledge of the territory and skill of maneuvering quietly and slowly without being heard, smelled or seen by the animal. Preferred time to still-hunt is early mornings up to mid-day. Important to walk into the wind, remain near cover, stay out of direct sunlight. Spend at least ten times longer being still.

Slide 64

Still hunting involves stopping for long periods to scan and listen for game

Slide 65

Driving Used to push wildlife out of cover. Idea is for a group of hunters or drivers to walk through an area and push the deer into fleeing towards a waiting hunter(s)(Poster). Posters are placed at strategic positions where drive is headed

Slide 66

Driving The success of the drive depends on good organization and being familiar with the terrain It is critical that everyone involved is aware of the position of drivers and posters.

Slide 67

Using Ground Blinds Makeshift or temporary Located to conceal hunter Downwind Away from the sun

Slide 68

Using Elevated Stands May be tree stands or stand alone stands Falling is a safety concern Note the safety strap to prevent falls

Slide 69

Stalking Difference between still hunting and stalking is animals location is known. The idea is to sneak up very slowly and quietly within close shooting range. Important to blend into topography or cover. Requires total focus because you must remember to keep downwind, stat quiet, stay alert, and remain patient

Slide 70

Stalking involves following tracks to lead you to the types of game you are hunting

Slide 71

Posting Involves sitting or standing in one spot Location may offer a vantage point or spot near animal tracks Posting is effective when you know game is traveling each day

Slide 72

What are various reasons for observing large wildlife mammals? Research population management habitat management Photography/Art personal enjoyment career and income Hiking/Camping personal enjoyment monitor the environment