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Whole-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Small-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Instructional Software 20
Minutes
Modeled and Independent
Reading 20 Minutes
Whole-Group Wrap-Up 10 Minutes
Day 1 Intro Life as a Journey (EL 877); Odyssey Intro (878-885)
Reading #1 (RJ) Begin Epic "Tell the Story"; Map 888
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Check Test: Questions and Answers Elements 884
Day 2 Intro Continued (878-885); Reading # 2 "Calypso" Summary
Reading #3 "Lotus Eaters"; Handout #1 (RJ) Figurative Lang & Imagery
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 3 Writing Workshop: Intro Essay, Brainstorm goals, review outlines, share model
Outline for Body Paragraph #1
Outline for Body Paragraph #2
Outline for Body Paragraph #3
Day 4 Reading #4 (RJ) "The Cyclops"
Reading #4 "The Cyclops
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 5 Reading #5 (RJ) "The Cyclops Continued"
Finish Reading #5 "The Cyclops Continued"
Read 180 READ Record 2 Annotations
Whole-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Small-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Instructional Software 20
Minutes
Modeled and Independent
Reading 20 Minutes
Whole-Group Wrap-Up 10 Minutes
Day 6 Introduce Handout #2 (RJ) Cyclops Sequencing Worksheet
Continue Handout #2; Review Paragraphs
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 7 Reading #6 (RJ) "Sirens; Scylla & Charybdis"
Reading #6 "Sirens; Scylla & Charybdis"
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 8 WW Narration Handout #4 (RJ) Brainstorm temptations Sirens as example
Write Tempation paragraph
Type Essays READ Input Reading Log
Day 9 Reading #6 (RJ) "Sirens; Scylla & Charybdis"
Reading #6 (RJ) "Sirens; Scylla & Charybdis"
Type Essays READ Input Reading Log
Day 10 Watch Movie Selections
Review Essays Read 180 READ Record 2 Annotations
Whole-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Small-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Instructional Software 20
Minutes
Modeled and Independent
Reading 20 Minutes
Whole-Group Wrap-Up 10 Minutes
Day 11 Reading #7 (RJ) "The Test of the Great Bow"
Reading #7 (RJ) "The Test of the Great Bow"
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 12 Reading #7 (RJ) "The Test of the Great Bow"
Reading #7 (RJ) "The Test of the Great Bow"
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 13 WW Review Exposition Paragraph on difficulties faced once goal is achieved
Essay Revising and Conferencing
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 14 Whole-Group Instruction 20 Minutes
Continue Reading #8 (RJ) "Death at the Palace"
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 15 Reading #9 (RJ) "Odysseus & Penelope"
Handout #3 (RJ) Symbol Worksheet
Read 180 READ Record 2 Annotations
Whole-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Small-Group Instruction 20
Minutes
Instructional Software 20
Minutes
Modeled and Independent
Reading 20 Minutes
Whole-Group Wrap-Up 10 Minutes
Day 16 Reading #10 (RJ) "Welcome a Religious Duty"
Reading #10 (RJ) "Welcome a Religious Duty"
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 17 Reading #10 (RJ) "Ithaca" Poem
Reading #10 (RJ) "Ithaca" Poem
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 18 Writers' Workshop Writing an Intro Follow Outline
Writing a Conclusion Follow Outline
Read 180 READ Input Reading Log
Day 19 Finish Movie Selections
Finish Rbook Journal or Work on Essays
Type Essays READ Input Reading Log
Day 20 Odyssey Test Finish Rbook Journal or Work on Essays
Type Essays READ Record 2 Annotations
TheOdysseyCLAStandardsReading1.0WORDANALYSIS,FLUENCY,ANDSYSTEMATICVOCABULARYDEVELOPMENT1.3IdentifyGreek,Roman,andNorsemythologyandusetheknowledgetounderstandtheoriginandmeaningofnewwords(e.g.,thewordnarcissisticdrawnfromthemythofNarcissusandEcho).2.0ReadingComprehension(FocusonInformationalMaterials)2.5Extendideaspresentedinprimaryorsecondarysourcesthroughoriginalanalysis,evaluation,andelaboration.3.0LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.2Compareandcontrastthepresentationofasimilarthemeortopicacrossgenrestoexplainhowtheselectionofgenreshapesthethemeortopic.3.3Analyzeinteractionsbetweenmainandsubordinatecharactersinaliterarytext(e.g.,internalandexternalconflicts,motivations,relationships,influences)andexplainthewaythoseinteractionsaffecttheplot.3.6Analyzeandtraceanauthor’sdevelopmentoftimeandsequence,includingtheuseofcomplexliterarydevices(e.g.,foreshadowing,flashbacks).3.7Recognizeandunderstandthesignificanceofvariousliterarydevices,includingfigurativelanguage,imagery,allegory,andsymbolism,andexplaintheirappeal.LiteraryCriticism3.12Analyzethewayinwhichaworkofliteratureisrelatedtothethemesandissuesofitshistoricalperiod.(Historicalapproach)WritingApplications2.1Writebiographicalorautobiographicalnarrativesorshortstories:
a.Relateasequenceofeventsandcommunicatethesignificanceoftheeventstotheaudience.b.Locatescenesandincidentsinspecificplaces.c.Describewithconcretesensorydetailsthesights,sounds,andsmellsofasceneandthespecificactions,movements,gestures,andfeelingsofthecharacters;useinteriormonologuetodepictthecharacters’feelings.d.Pacethepresentationofactionstoaccommodatechangesintimeandmood.e.Makeeffectiveuseofdescriptionsofappearance,images,shiftingperspectives,andsensorydetails.
2.2Writeresponsestoliterature: a.Demonstrateacomprehensivegraspofthesignificantideasofliteraryworks.
b.Supportimportantideasandviewpointsthroughaccurateanddetailedreferencestothetextortootherworks.c.Demonstrateawarenessoftheauthor’suseofstylisticdevicesandanappreciationoftheeffectscreated.d.Identifyandassesstheimpactofperceivedambiguities,nuances,andcomplexitieswithinthetext.
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
BigIdea:WhatdoesHomerwanttheMusetohelphimwith?__________________________________________________________________
!ReactDoyouthinkpreviewsofastoryormoviespoilitfortheaudience?Whyorwhynot?
StudentObjecEves:‐‐Totracesequen/aldevelopment‐‐Tounderstandhowcharacters'mo/va/onsaffectplot‐‐Torecognizefigura/velanguageandimagery‐‐Toanalyzehowhistoricalissuesinfluenceliterature
(Book1ofTheOdyssey)TELLTHESTORY
Homeropenswithaninvoca5on,orprayer,askingtheMusetohelphimsinghistale.No5cehowthesingergiveshislistenershintsabouthowhisstoryistoend.
Singinme,Muse,andthroughmetellthestoryofthatmanskilledinallwaysofcontending,thewanderer,harriedforyearsonend,aNerheplunderedthestrongholdontheproudheightofTroy.
Hesawthetownlandsandlearnedthemindsofmanydistantmen,andweatheredmanybiQernightsanddaysinhisdeepheartatsea,whilehefoughtonlytosavehislife,tobringhisshipmateshome.Butnotbywillnorvalorcouldhesavethem,fortheirownrecklessnessdestroyedthemall‐‐childrenandfools,theykilledandfeastedonthecaQleofLordHellos,theSun,andhewhomovesalldaythroughheaventookfromtheireyesthedawnoftheirreturn.
Reading1:TheOdyssey
DidyouKnow?Muses:TheGreeksbelievedthattherewerenineMuses,daughtersofZeus,thechiefgod.TheMusesinspiredpeopletoproducemusic,poetry,dance,andallotherarts.
Themodernwords'museum,''music,'and'amuse'allhavetheiroriginswiththeMuses.
Canyouthinkofanotherwordwithrela/ontotheMuses?(Hint:youvisitthisplacetoseeartwork)__________________
1
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
LiteraryElements
1.UnderlinethereasonwhyOdysseus'mendonotsurvivethejourneyhome.
Foreshadowinggivinghintsaboutthefuture.
2.Writethreeexamplesofforeshadowing.1.__________________
2.__________________
3.__________________
3.Circle:True/orFalse
Odysseus'troublesstoponcehegetshome.
Oftheseadventures,Muse,daughterofZeus,tellusinour/me,liNthegreatsongagain.BeginwhenalltherestwholeNbehindthemheadlongdeathinbaQleoratseahadlongagoreturned,whilehealones/llhungeredforhomeandwife.HerladyshipCalypsoclungtohiminhersea‐hollowedcaves—anymph,immortalandmostbeau/ful,whocravedhimforherown.
Andwhenlongyearsandseasonswheelingbroughtaroundthatpointof/meordainedforhimtomakehispassagehomeward,trialsanddangers,evenso,aQendedhimeveninIthaca,nearthoseheloved.Yetallthegodshadpi/edLordOdysseus,allbutPoseidon,ragingcoldandroughagainstthebraveking/llhecameashoreatlastonhisownland....
WordstoKnow!Contending(v)‐‐compe/ng;arguingPlundered(v)‐‐takenduringwarValor(adj)‐‐braveryNymph(n)‐‐afemalenaturespiritwhowouldliveintrees
2
CLAStandard:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.2
PARTONE:THEWANDERINGS
SummaryofCALYPSO,THESWEETNYMPH
Thefirstbooksoftheepic(Books1‐4)tellaboutOdysseus'son,Telemachus.TelemachushasbeensearchingtheMediterraneanworldforhisfather,whohasneverreturnedfromtheten‐yearTrojanWar.(Today,OdysseuswouldbelistedasmissinginacFon.)
WhenwefirstmeetOdysseus,inBook5oftheepic,heisaprisonerofthebeauFfulgoddessCalypso.Theoldsoldierisindespair:Hehasspenttenyears(sevenofthemasCalypso'snotenFrelyunwillingcapFve)tryingtogethome.
ThegoddessAthenahassupportedandhelpedOdysseusonhislongjourney.Nowshebegsherfather,Zeus,tohelpherfavorite,andZeusagrees.HesendsthemessengergodHermestoCalypso'sislandtoorderOdysseusreleased.ItisimportanttorememberthatalthoughCalypsoisnotdescribedasevil,herseducFvecharms‐‐evenherpromisesofimmortalityforOdysseus‐‐threatentokeeptheheroawayfromhiswife,Penelope.
HermestellsCalypsothatshemustgiveupOdysseusforever.
CalypsopromisesOdysseusaraQandprovisionstohelphimhomewardwithoutharm‐providedthegodswishit...OdysseusandCalypsosaygoodbye.
SoOdysseusbuildstheraQandsetssail.ButtheseagodPoseidonisbynomeansreadytoallowaneasypassageoverhiswaterydomain.HeraisesastormanddestroystheraQ.ItisonlywiththehelpofAthenaandaseanymphthatOdysseusarrives,brokenandbaSered,ontheislandofScheria.'Therehehideshimselfinapileofleavesandfallsintoadeepsleep.(book5)
BigIdea:Whatinternal(ontheinside)andexternal(ontheoutside)conflictsdoesOdysseusface?_____________________________________________________________________
!ReactCantoomuchofagoodthingbecomeaproblem?Explain.
WordstoKnow!Provisions‐‐(n)foodandsuppliesDomain‐‐(n)theareaoflandcontrolledbyonepersonEpicGenre‐‐alongstoryaboutaherothatisusuallywriFeninpoetry
Reading2:TheOdyssey
4
CLAStandard:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
BigIdea:WhathappenedtothemenwhoatetheLotus?________________________________________________
"Forge:ngYourHomeland"
Thesedays,whatdopeopledototrytoforgettheirtroubles?
1.______________________
2.______________________
3.______________________
StudentObjec:ves:‐‐Totracesequencialdevelopment‐‐Tounderstandhowcharacters'moEvaEonsaffectplot‐‐TorecognizefiguraEvelanguageandimagery‐‐Toanalyzehowhistoricalissuesinfluenceliterature
(FromBook9)THELOTUSEATERS
"UponthetenthwecametothecoastlineoftheLotusEaters,wholiveuponthatflower.Welandedtheretotakeonwater.Allships'companiesmusteredalongsideforthemiddaymeal.ThenIsentouttwopickedmenandarunnertolearnwhatraceofmenthatlandsustained.Theyfellin,soonenough,withLotusEaters,whoshowednowilltodousharm,onlyofferingthesweetLotustoourfriends‐butthosewhoatethishoneyedplant,‐‐theLotus,nevercaredtoreport,nortoreturn:theylongedtostayforever,browsingonthatnaEvebloom,forgeZuloftheirhomeland.Idrovethem,allthreewailing,totheships,Eedthemdownundertheirrowingbenches,andcalledtherest:'Allhandsaboard;come,clearthebeachandnoonetastetheLotus,oryouloseyourhopeofhome,'Filingintotheirplacesbytherowlocks.myoarsmendippedtheirlongoarsinthesurf,andwemovedoutagainonourseafaring..."
Reading3:TheOdyssey
5
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
BigIdea:Whatistheselec0onmainlyabout?__________________________________________________________________
!ReactIsitstrangethattheCyclopstreatstheewessowellandthevisitorssocruelly?Whyorwhynot?
(FromBook9)
THECYCLOPSInhisnextadventureOdysseusdescribeshisencounterwiththeCyclopsnamedPolyphemus,Poseidon'sone‐eyedmonsterson.Polyphemusmaywellrepresentthebruteforcesthatanyheromustovercomebeforehecanreachhome.NowOdysseusmustrelyonthespecialintelligenceassociatedwithhisname.OdysseusisthecleverestoftheancientGreekheroesbecausehisdivineguardianisthegoddessofwisdom,Athena.ItisOdysseus'famedcuriositythatleadshimtotheCyclops'scaveandthatmakeshiminsistonwaiEngforthebarbaricgiant.OdysseusissEllspeakingtothecourtofKingAlcinous.
"WelitafIre,burntanoffering,andtooksomecheesetoeat;thensatinsilencearoundtheembers,waiEng.WhenhecamehehadaloadofdryboughsonhisshouldertostokehisfIreatsupperEme.Hedumpeditwithagreatcrashintothathollowcave,andweallscaLeredfasttothefarwall.
Thenoverthebroadcavernfloorheusheredtheeweshemeanttomilk.HeleOhisramsandhe‐goatsintheyardoutside,andswunghighoverheadaslabofsolidrocktoclosethecave.Twodozenfour‐wheeledwagons,withheavingwagonteams,couldnothavesErredthetonnageofthatrockfromwherehewedgeditoverthedoorsill.NexthetookhisseatandmilkedhisbleaEngewes.ApracEcedjobhemadeofit,givingeachewehersuckling;thickenedhismilk,then,intocurdsandwhey,sievedoutthecurdstodripinwithybaskets,andpouredthewheytostandinbowlscoolingunElhedrankitforhissupper.
Whenallthesechoresweredone,hepokedthefIre,heapingonbrushwood.Intheglarehesawus.
'Strangers,'hesaid,'whoareyou?Andwherefrom?Whatbringsyouherebyseaways‐afairtraffic?Orareyouwanderingrogues,whocastyourliveslikedice,andravageotherfolkbysea?'
Wefeltapressureonourhearts,indreadofthatdeeprumbleandthatmightyman.ButallthesameIspokeupinreply:
Reading4:TheOdyssey
11
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
butCyclopswentonfillinguphisbellywithmanfleshandgreatgulpsofwhey,thenlaydownlikeamastamonghissheep.MyheartbeathighnowatthechanceofacEon,anddrawingthesharpswordfrommyhipIwentalonghisflanktostabhimwherethemidriffholdstheliver.Ihadtouchedthespotwhensuddenfearstayedme:ifIkilledhimweperishedthereaswell,forwecouldnevermovehisponderousdoorwayslabaside.SowewereleOtogroanandwaitformorning.
WhentheyoungDawnwithfingerEpsofroselituptheworld,theCyclopsbuiltafireandmilkedhishandsomeewes,allindueorder,pu[ngthesucklingstothemothers.Then,hischoresbeingalldispatched,hecaughtanotherbraceofmentomakehisbreakfast,andwhiskedawayhisgreatdoorslabtolethissheepgothrough‐buthe,behind,resetthestoneasonewouldcapaquiver.TherewasadinofwhistlingastheCyclopsroundedhisflocktohigherground,thensEllness.AndnowIponderedhowtohurthimworst,ifbutAthenagrantedwhatIprayedfor.HerearethemeansIthoughtwouldservemyturn:
aclub,orstaff,laytherealongthefold—anolivetree,felledgreenandleOtoseasonforCyclops'hand.Anditwaslikeamastaluggeroftwentyoars,broadinthebeam‐‐adeep‐seagoingcraO‐mightcarry:solong,sobigaround,itseemed.NowIchoppedoutasix‐footsecEonofthispoleandsetitdownbeforemymen,whoscrapedit;andwhentheyhaditsmooth,Ihewedagaintomakeastakewithpointedend.Iheldthisinthefire'sheartandturnedit,tougheningit,thenhidit,wellbackinthecavern,underoneofthedungpilesinprofusionthere.NowcametheEmetotossforit:whoventuredalongwithme?WhosehandcouldbeartothrustandgrindthatspikeinCyclops'seye,whenmildsleephadmasteredhim?Asluckwouldhaveit,themenIwouldhavechosenwonthetoss‐‐fourstrongmen,andImadefiveascaptain.
!ReactDoyouthinkOdysseusshouldhavekilledtheCyclopswhenhehadthechance?Whyorwhynot?
Odysseusshould/shouldnothavekilledtheCyclopswhenhehadthechancebecause_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
***NoEce***Theresponsesentenceisacompletesentence!
13
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Now,bythegods,Idrovemybighandspikedeepintheembers,charringitagain,andcheeredmymenalongwithbaLletalktokeeptheircourageup:noqui[ngnow.Thepikeofolive,greenthoughithadbeen,reddenedandglowedasifabouttocatch.Idrewitfromthecoalsandmyfourfellowsgavemeahand,luggingitneartheCyclopsasmorethannaturalforcenervedthem;straightforwardtheysprinted,liOedit,andrammeditdeepinhiscratereye,andIleanedonitturningitasashipwrightturnsadrillinplanking,havingmenbelowtoswingthetwo‐handledstrapthatspinsitinthegroove.Sowithourbrandweboredthatgreateyesocketwhilebloodranoutaroundthered‐hotbar.Eyelidandlashwereseared;thepiercedballhissedbroiling,andtherootspopped.
Inasmithy'oneseesawhite‐hotaxheadoranadze"plungedandwrunginacoldtub,screechingsteam—thewaytheymakesoOironhaleandhard‐‐
justsothateyeballhissedaroundthespike.TheCyclopsbellowedandtherockroaredroundhim,andwefellbackinfear.Clawinghisfacehetuggedthebloodyspikeoutofhiseye,threwitaway,andhiswildhandswentgroping;thenhesetupahowlforCyclopeswholivedincavesonwindypeaksnearby.Someheardhim;andtheycamebydiverswaystoclumparoundoutsideandcall:
'Whatailsyou,Polyphemus?Whydoyoucrysosoreinthestarrynight?Youwillnotletussleep.Surenoman'sdrivingoffyourflock?Nomanhastrickedyou,ruinedyou?'
Ac0onVerbs:
PutastarnexttothreeacEonverbsthathelpwithvividdescripEons.
!ReactChooseoneofthefollowingwordstodescribeOdysseus.Thengiveoneexampletoproveyourpoint.‐‐Smart‐‐Arrogant‐‐Selfish‐‐Responsible
Odysseusprovesheis_________________whenhe__________________________________________________________________________________________
15
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
LiteraryElements
1.UnderlinethesentencethatdescribestheCyclopsstrength.
2.CirclethedescripEvepassagethatmakesgooduseofimageryandsimiles.
3.SimilesOdysseus'companionsarecomparedtosquirming_________.
TheCyclopscruncheslikeamountain________.
'WearefromTroy,Achaeans,blownoffcoursebyshiOinggalesontheGreatSouthSea;homewardbound,buttakingroutesandwaysuncommon;sothewillofZeuswouldhaveit.WeservedunderAgamemnon,sonofAtreus‐‐thewholeworldknowswhatcityhelaidwaste,whatarmieshedestroyed.Itwasourlucktocomehere;herewestand,beholdenforyourhelp,oranygiOsyougive‐‐ascustomistohonorstrangers.Wewouldentreatyou,greatSir,haveacareforthegods'courtesy;Zeuswillavengetheunoffendingguest.'
Heansweredthis
fromhisbrutechest,unmoved: 'Youareaninnyorelseyoucomefromtheotherendofnowhere,tellingme,mindthegods!WeCyclopescarenotawhistleforyourthunderingZeusorallthegodsinbliss;wehavemoreforcebyfar.IwouldnotletyougoforfearofZeus‐‐youoryourfriends‐‐unlessIhadawhimto.Tellme,wherewasit,now,youleOyourship‐‐aroundthepoint,ordowntheshore,Iwonder?'
Hethoughthe'dfindout,butIsawthroughthis,andansweredwithareadylie:
'Myship?PoseidonLord,whosetstheearthatremble,brokeitupontherocksatyourland'send.Awindfromseawardservedhim,droveusthere.Wearesurvivors,thesegoodmenandI.'
Neitherreplynorpitycamefromhim,butinonestrideheclutchedatmycompanionsandcaughttwoinhishandslikesquirmingpuppiestobeattheirbrainsout,spaLeringthefloor.Thenhedismemberedthemandmadehismeal,gapingandcrunchinglikeamountainlion—everything:innards,flesh,andmarrowbones.Wecriedaloud,liOingourhandstoZeus,powerless,lookingonatthis,appalled;
WordstoKnow!Boughs‐‐(n)treebranchesGales‐‐(n)strongwindsWhim‐‐(n)asuddenfeelingthatyouwouldliketodosomething,especiallywhenthereisnoimportantreasonforitMarrow‐‐(n)thesoOsubstanceinthehallowcenterofbones
12
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Ateveningcametheshepherdwithhisflock,hiswoollyflock.Theramsaswell,thisEme,enteredthecave:bysomesheepherdingwhim‐‐oragod'sbidding‐‐nonewereleOoutside.HeheOedhisgreatboulderintoplaceandsathimdowntomilkthebleaEngewesinproperorder,putthelambstosuck,andswiOlyranthroughallhiseveningchores.Thenhecaughttwomoremenandfeastedonthem.Mymomentwasathand,andIwentforwardholdinganivybowlofmydarkdrink,lookingup,saying:
'Cyclops,trysomewine.Here'sliquortowashdownyourscrapsofmen.Tasteit,andseethekindofdrinkwecarriedunderourplanks.Imeantitforanofferingifyouwouldhelpushome.Butyouaremad,unbearable,abloodymonster!AOerthis,willanyothertravelercometoseeyou?’
Heseizedanddrainedthebowl,anditwentdownsofieryandsmoothhecalledformore:
'Givemeanother,thankyoukindly.Tellme,howareyoucalled?I'llmakeagiOwillpleaseyou.EvenCyclopesknowthewinegrapesgrowoutofgrasslandandloaminheaven'srain,buthere'sabitofnectarandambrosia!'
ThreebowlsIbroughthim,andhepouredthemdown.Isawthefuddleandflushcomeoverhim,thenIsangoutincordialtones:
'Cyclops,youaskmyhonorablename?RememberthegiOyoupromisedme,andIshalltellyou.MynameisNobody:mother,father,andfriends,everyonecallsmeNobody.'
Andhesaid:'Nobody'smymeat,then,aOerIeathisfriends.Otherscomefirst.There'sanoblegiO,now.'Evenashespoke,hereeledandtumbledbackward,hisgreatheadlollingtooneside;andsleeptookhimlikeanycreature.Drunk,hiccupping,hedribbledstreamsofliquorandbitsofmen.
ComprehensionFocus
SequenceofEventsSequenceistheorderinwhicheventshappen.Tofindthesequenceofevents:
→Trytoremembertheorderinwhicheventstakeplace.
→LookforEmes,dates,andsignalwordssuchasfirst,then,earlier,now,andfinally.
→Whenyouknowtheorder,checkitagain.Makesureitmakessense.
Foreshadowing
WhydoesHomersaythatalltheramscameinsidethecaveperhapsby"agod'sbidding"?Whatcouldthismeanforthemen'sfuture?
Circlethreesignalwordsthatindicatethesequenceofevents.
WordstoKnow!whey‐‐(n)thewateryliquidthatisleOaOerthesolidparthasbeenremovedfromsourmilk,whenmakingcheeseponderous‐‐(adj)bigandheavydispatched‐‐(v)finishedprofusion‐‐(n)alargesupplyambrosia‐‐(n)foodeatenbythegods 14
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
OutofthecavethemammothPolyphemusroaredinanswer:'Nobody,Nobody'strickedme.Nobody'sruinedme!'
Tothisroughshouttheymadeasagereply:
‘Ahwell,ifnobodyhasplayedyoufoulThereinyourlonelybed,wearenouseinpainGivenbygreatZeus.Letitbeyourfather,PoseidonLord,towhomyoupray.’
Sosayingtheytrailedaway.AndIwasfilledwithlaughtertoseehowlikeacharmthenamedeceivedthem.NowCyclops,wheezingasthepaincameonhimfumbledtowrenchawaythegreatdoorstoneandsquaLedinthebreachwitharmsthrownwideforanysillybeastormanwhobolted—hopingsomehowImightbesuchafool.ButIkeptthinkinghowtowinthegame:deathsattherehuge;howcouldweslipaway?Idrewonallmywits,andranthroughtacEcs,reasoningasamanwillfordearlife,unElatrickcame‐anditpleasedmewell.TheCyclops'sramswerehandsome,fat,withheavyfleeces,adarkviolet.
ThreeabreastIEedthemsilentlytogether,twiningcordsofwillowfromtheogre'sbed;thenslungamanundereachmiddleonetoridetheresafely,shieldedleOandright.Sothreesheepcouldconveyeachman.Itookthewoolietram,thechoicestoftheflock,andhungmyselfunderhiskinkybelly,pulledupEght,withfingerstwisteddeepinsheepskinringletsforanirongrip.So,breathinghard,wewaitedunElmorning.
'Sweetcousinram,whylagbehindtherestinthenightcave?Youneverlingerso,butgrazebeforethemall,andgoafartocropsweetgrass,andtakeyourstatelywayleadinalongthestreams,unElateveningyouruntobethefirstoneinthefold.Why,now,sofarbehind?CanyoubegrievingoveryourMaster'seye?Thecarrionrogueandhisaccurstcompanionsburntitoutwhenhehadconqueredallmywitswithwine.Nobodywillgetoutalive,Iswear.
ConflictWritethreereasonswhytheCyclopsispunishedsoharshly.1._____________________
2._____________________
3._____________________
AHistoricalLook
Lookattheconflictsyouwroteabove.WhatthreethingsdoyouthinktheancientGreeksvalued?1.Hospi______________
2.Respectfortheg_______
3.Communi_______
ImageryUnderlineoneexampleofvisualimagery(sight)
andoneexampleofauditoryimagery(hearing).
16
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Characteriza*onChoosetwowordsthatdescribeOdysseusinthissecAon.a)angry c)pridefulb)jealous d)fearful
!React
Inyouropinion,wasitagoodideaforOdysseustoyelloutandteasetheCyclops?Whyorwhynot?
THECYCLOPScon*nued...toridetheresafely,shieldedleGandright.Sothreesheepcouldconveyeachman.Itookthewoolliestram,thechoicestoftheflock,andhungmyselfunderhiskinkybelly,pulledupAght,withfingerstwisteddeepinsheepskinringletsforanirongrip.So,breathinghard,wewaitedunAlmorning.
WhenDawnspreadoutherfingerApsofrosetheramsbegantosAr,movingforpasture,andpealsofbleaAngechoedroundthepenswheredamswithuddersfullcalledforamilking.Blinded,andsickwithpainfromhisheadwound,themasterstrokedeachram,thenletitpass,butmymenridingonthepectoralfleecethegiant'sblindhandsblunderingneverfound.Lastofthemallmyram,theleader,came,weightedbywoolandmewithmymeditaAons.TheCyclopspaSedhim,andthenhesaid:
'Sweetcousinram,whylagbehindtherestinthenightcave?Youneverlingerso,butgrazebeforethemall,andgoafartocropsweetgrass,andtakeyourstatelywayleadingalongthestreams,unAlateveningyouruntobethefirstoneinthefold.Why,now,sofarbehind?CanyoubegrievingoveryourMaster'seye?Thatcarrionrogueandhisaccurstcompanionsburntitoutwhenhehadconqueredallmywitswithwine.Nohbdywillnotgetoutalive,Iswear.
Oh,hadyoubrainandvoicetotellwherehemaybenow,dodgingallmyfury!Bashedbythishandandbashedonthisrockwallhisbrainswouldstrewthefloor,andIshouldhaverestfromtheoutrageNohbdyworkeduponme.’
Hesentusintotheopen,then.Closeby,Idroppedandrolledclearoftheram'sbelly,goingthiswayandthattounAethemen.Withmanyglancesback,weroundeduphisfat,sAff‐leggedsheeptotakeaboard,anddrovethemdowntowherethegoodshiplay.Wesaw,aswecamenear,ourfellows'facesshining;thenwesawthemturntogrieftallyingthosewhohadnotfledfromdeath.
Reading5:TheOdyssey
17
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Atthishegaveamightysobandrumbled:
'Nowcomestheweirduponme,spokenofold.Awizard,grandandwondrous,livedhere‐‐Telemus,asonofEurymus;greatlengthofdayshehadinwizardryamongtheCyclopes,andthesethingsheforetoldforAmetocome:
mygreateyelost,andatOdysseus'hands.AlwaysIhadinmindsomegiant,armedingiantforce,wouldcomeagainstmehere.Butthis,butyou‐‐small,piAful,andtwiggy‐‐youputmedownwithwine,youblindedme.ComebackOdysseus,andI'lltreatyouwell,prayingthegodofearthquaketobefriendyou—hissonIam,forhebyhisavowalfatheredme,and,ifhewill,hemayhealmeofthisblackwound‐heandnootherofallthehappygodsormortalmen.'
FewwordsIshoutedinreplytohim:'IfIcouldtakeyourlifeIwouldandtakeyourAmeaway,andhurlyoudowntohell!Thegodofearthquakecouldnothealyouthere!'
Atthishestretchedhishandsoutinhisdarknesstowardtheskyofstars,andprayedPoseidon:'0hearme,lord,bluegirdleroftheislands,ifIamthineindeed,andthouartfather:grantthatOdysseus,raiderofciAes,neverseehishome:Laertes'son,Imean,whokepthishallonIthaca.ShoulddesAnyintendthatheshallseehisroofagainamonghisfamilyinhisfatherland,farbethatday,anddarktheyearsbetween.Lethimloseallcompanions,andreturnunderstrangesailtobiSerdaysathome.'..."
VerbalIronyiswhenacharactersaysonethingbutmeansanother.
Staroneexampleofverbalirony.
!ReactWhodoyouthinkisthemostprideful,OdysseusorPolyphemus?Why?
19
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Characteriza*onPutastarnexttoastanzathatshowsOdysseus'pride.
ExternalConflicts
1.Writetwoexternalconflictsthatoccurinthesetwopages.a._____________________
______________________
b._____________________
______________________
Ihushedthem,...andinalowvoicetoldthem:'Loadthisherd;movefast,andputtheship'sheadtowardthebreakers:Theyallpitchedinatloading,thenembarkedandstrucktheiroarsintothesea.Farout,asfaroffshoreasshoutedwordswouldcarry,Isentafewbacktotheadversary:
'0Cyclops!Wouldyoufeastonmycompanions?Puny,amI,inaCaveman'shands?HowdoyoulikethebeaAngthatwegaveyou,youdamnedcannibal?Eaterofguestsunderyourroof!Zeusandthegodshavepaidyou!'
TheblindthinginhisdoubledfurybrokeahilltopinhishandsandheaveditaGerus.Aheadofourblackprowitstruckandsankwhelmedinaspuminggeyser,agiantwavethatwashedtheshipsternforemostbacktoshore.Igotthelongestboathookoutandstoodfendingusoff,withfuriousnodstoalltoputtheirbacksintoaracingstroke‐‐row,roworperish.Sothelongoarsbentkickingthefoamsternward,makingheadunAlwedrewaway,andtwiceasfar.
NowwhenIcuppedmyhandsIheardthecrewinlowvoicesprotesAng:‘Whybaitthebeastagain?Lethimalone!ThatAdalwavehemadeonthefirstthrowallbutbeachedus.'
'Allbutstoveusin!'
'GivehimourbearingwithyourtrumpeAng,he'llgettherangeandloboaboulder.' 'AyeHe'llsmashourAmbersandourheadstogether!'Iwouldnotheedtheminmygloryingspirit,butletmyangerflareandyelled: 'Cyclops,ifevermortalmaninquirehowyouwereputtoshameandblinded,tellhimOdysseus,raiderofciAes,tookyoureye:Laertes'son,whosehome'sonIthaca!'
MakeaPredic*onWhatmighthappenasaresultofOdysseusrevealinghisrealname?
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
18
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
BigIdea:WhatdoesCircewarnOdysseusabout?__________________________________________________________________
!ReactOdyssyeusandhiscrewmustfacetheSirens,Scylla,Charibdys,[email protected]?Why?
Wordstoknow!Harpies‐‐(n)monsterswhoarehalfbirdandhalfwomanandaregreedyforvicJmswhelp's‐‐(n)puppy'sserried‐‐(adj)crowdedtogether;denselypackedperilous‐‐(adj)dangerous
StudentObjecJves:‐‐Totracesequencialdevelopment‐‐Tounderstandhowcharacters'mo8va8onsaffectplot‐‐Torecognizefigura8velanguageandimagery‐‐Toanalyzehowhistoricalissuesinfluenceliterature
(FromBook10)
THESIRENS;SCYLLAANDCHARYBDIS
OdysseusandhismenreturntoCirce'sisland,whereCircewarnshimoftheperilsthatawaithim.ThefollowingpassageistoldbyOdysseus,s<llspeakingatAlcinous’court.Heisquo<ngCirce.
"'Listenwithcaretothis,now,andagodwillarmyourmind.Squareinyourship'spathareSirens,cryingBeautytobewitchmencoas8ngby;woetotheinnocentwhohearsthatsound!Hewillnotseehisladynorhischildreninjoy,crowdingabouthim,homefromsea;theSirenswillsinghismindawayontheirsweetmeadowlolling.TherearebonesofdeadmenroXnginapilebesidethemandflayedskinsshrivelaroundthespot.
Steerwide;keepwelltoseaward;plugyouroarsmen'searswithbeeswaxkneadedsoZ;noneoftherestshouldhearthatsong.
Butifyouwishtolisten,letthemen8eyouinthelugger,handandfoot,backtothemast,lashedtothemast,soyoumayhearthoseHarpiesthrillingvoices;shoutasyouwill,beggingtobeun8ed,yourcrewmustonlytwistmorelinearoundyouandkeeptheirstrokeup,8llthesingersfade....'''
Reading6:TheOdyssey
21
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Thelthacanssetoff.OdysseusdoesnottellhismenofCirce'slastprophecy‐thathewillbetheonlysurvivoroftheirlongjourney.S<llspeakingtoAlcinous'court,Odysseuscon<nueshistale.
"Thecrewbeingnowsilentbeforeme,Iaddressedthem,soreatheart:'Dearfriends,morethanoneman,ortwo,shouldknowthosethingsCirceforesawforusandsharedwithme,soletmetellherforecast:thenwediewithoureyesopen,ifwearegoingtodie,orknowwhatdeathwebaffleifwecan.Sirensweavingahaun8ngsongovertheseawearetoshun,shesaid,andtheirgreenshoreallsweetwithclover;yetsheurgedthatIaloneshouldlistentotheirsong.'Therefore
youareto8emeup,8ghtasasplint,erectalongthemast,lashedtothemast,andifIshoutandbegtobeun8ed,takemoreturnsoftheropetomuffleme.”
Iratherdweltonthispartoftheforecast,whileourgoodshipmade8me,boundoutwarddownthewindforthestrangeislandofSirens.Thenallatoncethewindfell,andacalmcameoverallthesea,asthoughsomepowerlulledtheswell.
Thecrew,wereontheirfeetbriskly,tofurlthesail,andstowit;then,eachinplace,theypoisedthesmoothoarbladesandsentthewhitefoamscuddingby.Icarvedamassivecakeofbeeswaxintobitsandrolledtheminmyhandsun8ltheysoZened‐‐
nolongtask,foraburningheatcamedownfromHelios,lordofhighnoon.GoingforwardIcarriedwaxalongtheline,andlaiditthickontheirears.They8edmeup,theplumbamidships,backtothemast,lashedtothemast,andtookthemselvesagaintorowing.Soonaswecamesmartlywithinhailingdistance,thetwoSirens,no8ngourfastshipofftheirpoint,madeready,theysang....
AcJveReading:
PutastarwhereOdysseususesapastexampletogivethecrewhopeforthefuture.
!ReactDoyouagreewithOdysseus'decisiontonottellhiscrewmembersthattheywilldieandneverseetheirhomelandagain?Whyorwhynot?
22
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
NowIsaybyhookorcrookthisperiltooshallbesomethingthatweremember.Headsup,lads!WemustobeytheordersasIgivethem.GettheoarshaZsinyourhands,andliebackhardonyourbenches;hitthesebreakingseas.Zeushelpuspullawaybeforewefounder.
Youatthe8ller,listen,andtakeinallthatIsay‐‐theruddersareyourduty;keepheroutofthecombersandthesmoke;steerforthatheadland;watchthedriZorwefetchupinthesmother,andyoudrownus.'
Thatwasall,anditbroughtthemroundtoac8on.ButasIsentthemontowardScylla,Itoldthemnothing,astheycoulddonothing.Theywouldhavedroppedtheiroarsagain,inpanic,torollforcoverunderthedecking.Circe'sbiddingagainstarms‐hadslippedmymind,soI8edonmycuirassandtookuptwoheavyspears,thenmademywayalongtotheforedeck—thinkingtoseeherfirstfromthere,
themonsterofthegrayrock,harboringtomentformyfriends.Istrainedmyeyesuponthatcliffsideveiledincloud,butnowherecouldIcatchsightofher.
Andallthis8me,Intravial,sobbing,gainingonthecurrent,werowedintothestrait‐‐ScyllatoportandonourstarboardbeamCharybdis,diregorgeofthesaltsea8de.Byheaven!whenshevomited,alltheseawaslikeacaldronseethingoverintensefire,whenthemixturesuddenlyheavesandrises.
Theshotspumesoaredtothelandsideheights,andfelllikerain.
Similes:
Putastarnexttotwostanzasthatuseasimile.
Nowfillintheblanks:a.Charybdisvomitedlikea_____________.
b.ThewaterfromCharybdisfelllike_____________.
!ReactIfthecrewwereallgoingtodieanyways,whatisOdysseus'mo8va8onforhavingthemcon8nueonthisjourney?Inyouropinion,isagoodreasontokeeptheirfatesasecret?
23
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Characters/SeUng
1.UnderlinethereasonwhyOdysseusputswaxinhismen'sears.
2.WritewhydoesCircetellOdysseustohavehismen8ehimtothemast.___________________________________
3.InordertohaveHomer'saudienceimagineamonstertheyhaveneverscene,hecomparesScyllatothreeanimals.Filllintheblanks.
Sycllahasthecryofa__________,thelegsofan_________________thenecksof_________________andthe__________ofananimallikeashark
‐
Thenextperilliesbetweentwoheadlands.Circecon<nuesherwarning.
“'...ThatisthedenofScylla,wheresheyaps,abominably,anewbornwhelp’scry,thoughsheishugeandmonstrous.Godorman,noonecouldlookonherinjoy.Herlegs‐andtherearetwelve‐‐likegreattentacles,unjointed,anduponherserpentnecksarebornesixheadslikenightmaresofferocity,withtripleserriedrowsoffananddeepgulletsofblackdeath.Halfherlength,sheswaysherheadsinair,outsideherhorridcleZ,hun8ngtheseaaroundthatpromontoryfordolphins,dogfish,orwhatbiggergamethunderingAmphitritefeedsinthousands.Andnoship'scompanycanclaimtohavepassedherwithoutlossandgrief;shetakes,fromeveryship,onemanforeverygullet.
Theoppositepointseemsmoreatongueoflandyou'dtouchwithagoodbowshot,atthenarrows.Agreatwildfig,ashaggymassofleaves,growsonit,andCharybdisbelowtoswallowdownthedarksea8de.Three8mesfromdawntoduskshespewsitupandsucksitdownagainthree8mes,awhirlingmaelstrom;ifyoucomeuponherthenthegodwhomakesearthtremblecouldnotsaveyou.No,hugthecliffofScylla,takeyourshipthroughonaracingstroke.Bekertomournsixmenthanlosethemall,andtheship,too....
ThenyouwillcoastThrinakia,theislandwhereHelios'scaklegraze,fineherds,andflocksofgoodlysheep.Theherdsandflocksareseven,withfiZybeastsineach.Nolambsaredropped,orcalves,andthesefatcakleneverdie....
NOWgivethosekineawideberth,keepyourthoughtsintentuponyourcourseforhome,andhardseafaringbringsyoualltoIthaca.Butifyouraidthebeeves,Iseedestruc8onforshipandcrew...:"
24
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Thelovelyvoicesinardorappealingoverthewatermademecravetolisten,andItriedtosay'Un8eme!'tothecrew,jerkingmybrows;buttheybentsteadytotheoars.ThenPerimedesgottohisfeet,heandEurylochus,andpassedmorelineabout,toholdmes8ll.Soallrowedon,un8ltheSirensdroppedunderthesearim,andtheirsingingdwindledaway.
MyfaithfulcompanyRestedontheiroarsnow,peelingoffthewaxthatIhadlaidthickontheirears;Thensetmefree
ButscarcelyhadthatislandfadedinblueairwhenIsawsmokeandwhitewater,withsoundofwavesintumult—asoundthemenheard,anditterrifiedthem.
Oarsflewfromtheirhands;thebladeswentknockingwildalongside8lltheshiplostway,withnooarbladestodriveherthroughthewater.Well,Iwalkedupanddownfrombowtostern,tryingtoputheartintothem,standingovereveryoarsman,sayinggently,
'Friends,haveweneverbeenindangerbeforethis?Morefearsome,isitnow,thanwhentheCyclopspennedusinhiscave?Whatpowerhehad!DidInotkeepmynerve,andusemywitstofindawayoutforus?
ComprehensionFocus
SequenceofEventsSequenceistheorderinwhicheventshappen.Tofindthesequenceofevents:
→Trytoremembertheorderinwhicheventstakeplace.
→Lookfor8mes,dates,andsignalwordssuchasfirst,then,earlier,now,andfinally.
→Whenyouknowtheorder,checkitagain.Makesureitmakessense.
IronyDramaJcironyiswhentheaudienceknowssomethingthatacharacterdoesnot.
1.Underlineoneexampleofdrama8cirony.
Circlethreesignalwordsthatindicatethesequenceofevents.
OdysseusandtheSirens(c.490B.C.)
Labelthefollowingboa8ngtermsonthepicturetotheleZ:‐mast‐sail‐oar‐bow‐stern‐decking
25
CLA Standard: Literary Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Butwhensheswallowedtheseawaterdownwesawthefunnelofthemaelstrom,heardtherockbellowingallaround,anddarksandragedonthebokomfarbelow.Mymenallblanchedagainstthegloom,oureyeswerefixeduponthatyawningmouthinfearofbeingdevoured.
ThenScyllamadeherstrike,whiskingsixofmybestmenfromtheship.IhappenedtoglanceaZatshipandoarsmenandcaughtsightoftheirarmsandlegs,danglinghighoverhead.Voicescamedowntomeinanguish,callingmynameforthelast8me.
Amansurf‐cas8ngonapointofrockformassormackerel,whippinghislongrodtodropthesinkerandthebaitfarout,willhookafishandripitfromthesurfacetodanglewrigglingthroughtheair;sothesewerebornealoZinspasmstowardthecliff.
Sheatethemastheyshriekedthere,inherden,Inthediregrapple:reachings8llforme‐anddeathlypityranmethroughatthatsight‐‐fartheworstIeversufferedques8ngthepassesofthestrangesea.
Werowedon.TheRockswerenowbehind;Charybdis,too,andScylladroppedastern.
Thenwewerecoas8ngthenobleislandofthegod,wheregrazedthosecaklewithwidebrows,andbounteousflocks,ofHelios,lordofnoon,whorideshighheaven.
Fromtheblackship,fars8llatsea,Iheardthelowingofthecaklewindinghomeandsheepblea8ng;andheard,too,inmyheartthewordsofblindTeiresiasofThebesandCirceofAeaea:bothforbademetheislandoftheworld'sdelight,theSun...(fromBook12)
CircleLinkingWordsCircletwolinkingwordsorphrasesthatindicatesequence.
FiguraJveLanguage
PersonificaJonisgivinglivingquali8estosomethingnonl‐iving.
AppealingtotheancientGreeks'senseofadventure,Homerdescribesordinaryelementsofnatureasextraordinarymonsters.
Scyllaisreallya__________.
Charybdisisreallya_______________________.
ImageryUnderlinefiveac8onverbsthatgivelivingquali8estonon‐livingthings.
26
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
BigIdea:HowwillPenelopedeterminewhodeservestobeherhusband?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
!ReactDoyouagreewithPenelope'sdecisiontoremarry?Whyorwhynot?
Wordstoknow!proposes(v)‐‐makesaformalsugges@onfeat(n)‐‐somethingthatrequiresgreatskillhalted(v)‐‐stoppedrasping(adj)‐‐anunpleasantroughnoisevaunt(n)‐‐boast
StudentObjecCves:‐‐Totracesequen@aldevelopment‐‐Tounderstandhowcharacters'mo@va@onsaffectplot‐‐Torecognizefigura@velanguageandimagery‐‐Toanalyzehowhistoricalissuesinfluenceliterature
(FromBook21)
THETESTOFTHEGREATBOW
InBook21,Penelope,likemanyunwillingprincessesofmyth,fairytale,andlegend,proposesanimpossibletaskforthosewhowishtomarryher.Bysodoing,shecausesthebloodyeventsthatleadtotherestora@onofherhusband.ThetestinvolvesstringingOdysseus'hugebow,animpossiblefeatforanyoneexceptOdysseushimself.OdysseushadleXhisbowhomeinIthacatwentyyearsearlier.
Nowthequeenreachedthestoreroomdoorandhalted.Herewasanoakensill,cutlongagoandsandedcleanandbeddedtrue.Foursquarethedoorjambsandtheshiningdoorsweresetbythecarefulbuilder.Penelopeun@edthestraparoundthecurvinghandle,pushedherhookintotheslit,aimedattheboltsinside,andshotthemback.Thencamearaspingsoundasthosebrightdoorsthekeyhadsprunggaveway‐‐abellowlikeabull'svauntinameadow‐‐followedbyherlightfooZallenteringovertheplankfloor.Herb‐scentedrobeslaythereinchests,butthelady'smilk‐whitearmswentuptoliXthebowdownfromapeginitsownpolishedbowcase.
Reading7:TheOdyssey
29
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Manyofthesuitorsboldlytrythebow;butnotamancanevenbenditenoughtostringit.TwomenhadmeanwhileleXthehall:swineherdandcowherd,incompanionship,onedowncastastheother.ButOdysseusfollowedthemoutdoors,outsidethecourt,andcomingupsaidgently:"You,herdsman,andyou,too,swineherd,Icouldsayathingtoyou,orshouldIkeepitdark?No,no;speak,hearttellsme.WouldyoubemenenoughtostandbyOdysseusifhecameback?Supposehedroppedoutofaclearsky,asIdid?Supposesomegodshouldbringhim?Wouldyoubeararmsforhim,orforthesuitors?"
Thecowherdsaid:"Ah,letthemastercome!FatherZeus,grantouroldwish!SomecourierGuidehimback!ThenjudgewhatstuffisinmeAndhowImanagearms!"LikewiseEumaeusfelltoprayingallheavenforhisreturn,SothatOdysseus,sureatleastofthese,toldthem:
"Iamathome,forIamhe.IboreadversiCes,[email protected],aloneamongmypeople,longedformycoming.PrayersIneverheardexceptyourownthatImightcomeagain.
SonowwhatisinstoreforyouI'lltellyou:IfZeusbringsdownthesuitorsbymyhandIpromisemarriagestoboth,andcacle,andhousesbuiltnearmine.Andyoushallbebrothers‐in‐armsofmyTelemachus.Here,letmeshowyousomethingelse,asignthatIamhe,thatyoucantrustme,look:thisoldscarfromthetuskwoundthatIgotboarhun@ngonParnassus‐‐..."
ShiXinghisragshebaredthelonggash.Bothmenlooked,andknewandthrewtheirarmsaroundtheoldsoldier,weeping,kissinghisheadandshoulders.Heaswell
AcCveReading:PutastarwhereOdysseusrewardsloyalty.
!ReactDoyouexpectpeopletobehavethesamewayinfrontofyouastheydobehindyourback?Whyorwhynot?
WordstoKnow:bore(v)‐‐pasttenseof"bear"‐‐tobravelyacceptabadsituaConboar(n)‐‐awildpig
Whataretwootherhomonymsfor"bore"?31
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
AndOdysseustookhis@me,turningthebow,tappingit,everyinch,forboringsthattermitesmighthavemadewhilethemasteroftheweaponwasabroad.Thesuitorswerenowwatchinghim,andsomejestedamongthemselves:
"Abowlover!" “Dealerinoldbows!”
“Maybehehasonelikeitathome!""Orhasanitchtomakeoneforhimself."
"Seehowhehandlesit,theslyoldbuzzard!"
Andonedisdainfulsuitoraddedthis:"Mayhisfortunegrowaninchforeveryinchhebendsit!"
Butthemanskilledinallwaysofcontending,sa@sfiedbythegreatbow'slookandheX,likeamusician,likeaharper,whenwithquiethanduponhisinstrumenthedrawsbetweenhisthumbandforefingerasweetnewstringuponapeg,soeffortlesslyOdysseusinonemo@onstrungthebow.
Thenslidhisrighthanddownthecordandpluckedit,sothetautgutvibra@nghummedandsangaswallow'snote.
Inthehushedhallitsmotethesuitorsandalltheirfaceschanged.ThenZeusthunderedoverhead,oneloudcrackforasign.AndOdysseuslaughedwithinhimthatthesonofcrooked‐mindedCronushadflungthatomendown.Hepickedonereadyarrowfromhistablewhereitlaybare:
Similes:Putastarnexttothetwostanzasthatuseasimile.
Nowfillintheblanks:a.Odysseusstrungthebowlikea_________playsa_____________.b.Thestringvibratedandsoundedlikea_________.
!ReactIfyouwerethesuitors,howwouldyoufeelatthispointinthestory?Why?Iwould___________________because______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________**NOTICEthecompletesentence33
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
Characters/SeSng
1.Underlinevisual(sight),auditory(sound),andolfactory(smell)imagery.
2.WritetwopossiblereasonswhyPenelopeproposedthisfeat.a.__________________
b.__________________
3.Thisstorytakesplacealmost3,000yearsagoinGreece.Giventheselng(@meandplace)ofthisepic,whywouldPenelopehavetoremarryifshedidnotwantto?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‐
NowPenelopesankdown,holdingtheweapononherknees,anddrewherhusband'sgreatbowout,andsobbedandbitherlipandletthesalttearsflow.Thenbackshewenttofacethecrowdedhalltremendousbowinhand,andonhershoulderhungthequiverspikedwithcoughingdeath.Behind,hermaidsboreabasketfullofaxheads,bronzeandironimplementsforthemaster'sgame.Thusinherbeautysheapproachedthesuitors,andnearapillarofthesolidroofshepaused,hershiningveilacrosshercheeks,hermaidsoneitherhandands@ll,thenspoketothebanqueters:
"Mylords,hearme:suitorsindeed,yourecommendedthishousetofeastanddrinkin,dayandnight,myhusbandbeinglonggone,longoutofmind.Youfoundnojus@fica@onforyourselves‐noneexceptyourlusttomarryme.Standup,then:wenowdeclareacontestforthatprize.HereismylordOdysseus'[email protected]‐helvesockets,twelveinline?Ijoinmylifewithhis,andleavethisplace,myhome,myrichandbeau@fulbridalhouse,forevertoberemembered,thoughIdreamitonly."...
Wordstoknow!quiver(n)‐‐alongcaseforarrowsimplement(n)‐‐atoolsuitor(n)‐‐amanwhowantstomarryacertainwomanjusCficaCon(n)‐‐agoodreasonfordoingsomething
30
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
tookeachman'sheadandhandstokiss,thensaid‐‐tocutitshort,elsetheymightweep@lldark‐‐"Breakoff,nomoreofthis.Anyoneatthedoorcouldseeandtellthem.DriXbackin,butseparatelyatintervalsaXerme.
Nowlistentoyourorders:whenthe@mecomes,thosegentlemen,toaman,willbedeadagainstgivingmeboworquiver.Defythem.Eumaeus,bringthebowandputitinmyhandsthereatthedoor.Tellthewomentolocktheirowndoor@ght.Tellthemifsomeonehearstheshockofarmsorgroansofmen,inhallorcourt,notonemustshowherface,[email protected],runtotheoutergateandlockit.Throwthecrossbarandlashit."...
NowOdysseus,s@llinhisbeggar'sclothes,askstotrythebow.Thesuitorsrefusetoallowamerebeggartotrywheretheyhavefailed,butPenelopeinsiststhatthestrangerbegivenhischance.Thesuspenseisverygreat‐‐bythisact,Penelopehasacceptedherhusbandasasuitor.
Eumaeus,theswineherd,handsOdysseusthebowandtellsthenursetore@rewithPenelopeandthemaidstothefamilychambers(theharem)andtoboltthedoors.OdysseushadearliertoldTelemachustoremovethesuitors'weaponsfromthegreatball.
ComprehensionFocus
SequenceofEventsSequenceistheorderinwhicheventshappen.Tofindthesequenceofevents:
→Trytoremembertheorderinwhicheventstakeplace.
→Lookfor@mes,dates,andsignalwordssuchasfirst,then,earlier,now,andfinally.
→Whenyouknowtheorder,checkitagain.Makesureitmakessense.
1 3
IronyDramaCcironyiswhentheaudienceknowssomethingthatacharacterdoesnot.
1.Underlineoneexampleofdrama@cirony.
2
4 5 6
OdysseussharesastepbystepplantoprepareforbaXle.Fillinthischarttooutlinethesequenceofevents.
SequenceofEvents
32
CLA Standard: Literature Response and Analysis 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.12
therestwerewai@ngs@llinthequiverfortheyoungmen'sturntocome.Heknockedit,letitrestacrossthehandgrip,anddrewthestringandgroovedbucofthearrow,aimingfromwherehesatuponthestool.
Nowflashedarrowfromtwangingbowcleanasawhistlethrougheverysocketring,andgrazednotone,tothudwithheavybrazenheadbeyond.
ThenquietlyOdysseussaid:"Telemachus,thestrangeryouwelcomedinyourhallhasnotdisgracedyou.Ididnotmiss,neitherdidItakealldaystringingthebow.Myhandandeyearesound,notsocontemp@bleastheyoungmensay.Thehourhascometocooktheirlordships’mucon—Supperbydaylight.Otheramusementslater;withsongandharpingthatadornafeast.”
Hedroppedhiseyesandnodded,andtheprinceTelemachus,truesonofOdysseus,Beltedhisswordon,clappedhandtohisspear;AndwithaclinkandglicerofkeenbronzeStoodbyhischair;intheforefrontnearhisfather.
CircleLinkingWordsCircletwolinkingwordsthatindicatesequence.
WordstoKnow:buzzard(n)‐‐typeoflargebirdthateatsdeadanimalsdisdainful(adj)‐‐showingdisrespectbecauseyouthinksomeoneorsomethingisnotimportantcontending(v)‐‐compeCngomen(n)‐‐signthatsomethingwillhappeninthefuture
34
CLAStandard:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.2,3.3,3.7
BigIdea:WhyisOdysseussoangry?_____________________________________________________________________________________
!ReactComparetheexpositoryparagraphatthetopofthepagetothepoetrybelow.WhichismoreexciAngtoyou?Why?
Wordstoknow!tramp(n)‐‐someonewithoutahomerevelry(n)‐‐merrymaking;fesFvityrunnels(n)‐‐streams
SynonymsOnesynonymfor"tramp"is"vagabond."Canyouthinkoftwomoresynonyms?Writethembelow:a._________________ b.____________________
(FromBook22)
DEATHATTHEPALACE
Theclimaxofthestoryishere,inBook22.OdysseusisreadytoreclaimhisrighQulkingdom.ButfirsthemustdealwithmorethanahundredyoungandhosAlesuitors.ThefirstoneheturnstoisAnFnous.Allthroughthestory,AnFnoushasbeenthemeanestofthesuitorsandtheirringleader.HehitOdysseuswithastoolwhentheheroappearedinthehallasabegger;andheridiculedthedisguisedkingbycallinghimablearyvagabond,apest,andatramp.
Nowshruggingoffhisragsthewiliestfighteroftheislandsleaptandstoodonthebroaddoorsill,hisownbowinhishand.Hepouredoutathisfeetarainofarrowsfromthequiverandspoketothecrowd:"Somuchforthat.Yourclean‐cutgameisover.Nowwatchmehitatargetthatnomanhashitbefore,ifIcanmakethisshot.Helpme,Apollo."
HedrewtohisfistthecruelheadofanarrowforAnFnousjustastheyoungmanleanedtoliZhisbeauFfuldrinkingcup,embossed,two‐handled,golden:thecupwasinhisfingers,thewinewasevenathislips,anddidhedreamofdeath?Howcouldhe?Inthatrevelryamidhisthrongoffriendswhowouldimagineasinglefoe‐‐thoughastrongfoeindeed‐‐coulddaretobringdeath'spainonhimanddarknessonhiseyes?
Odysseus'arrowhithimunderthechinandpuncheduptothefeathersthroughhisthroat.
Backwardanddownhewent,le\ngthewinecupfallfromhisshockedhand.Likepipeshisnostrilsje]edcrimsonrunnels,ariverofmortalred,andonelastkickupsethistableknockingthebreadandmeattosoakindustyblood.
Reading8:TheOdyssey
Exp
osit
ory
Par
agra
ph
P
oetr
y
35
CLAStandard:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.2,3.3,3.7
Odysseusgloweredunderhisblackbrows"Notforthewholetreasureofyourfathersallyouenjoy,lands,flocks,oranygoldputupbyothers,wouldIholdmyhand.TherewillbekillingFllthescoreispaid.Youforcedyourselvesuponthishouse.Fightyourwayoutorrunforit,ifyouthinkyou'llescapedeath.Idoubtonemanofyouskinsby."
Telemachusjoinshisfatherinthefight.Theyarehelpedbytheswineherdandcowherd.Nowthesuitors,trappedinthehallwithoutweapons,arestruckrightandleZbyarrows,andmanyofthemliedyingonthefloor.
Atthismomentthatunmanningthundercloud,theaegis,Athena'sshield,tookformaloZinthegreathall.Andthesuitorsmadwithfearathergreatsignstampededlikestungca]lebyariverwhenthedreadshimmeringgadflystrikesinsummer,inthefloweringseason,inthelong‐drawndays.AZerthemthea]ackerswheeled,asterribleasfalconsfromeyriesinthemountainsveeringoveranddiving,downwithtalonswideunsheathedonflightsofbirds,whocowerdowntheskyinchutesandburstsalongthe,valley‐‐itbutthepouncingfalconsgriptheirprey,nofranFcwingavailsandfarmerslovetowatchthosebeakedhunters.Sothesenowfelluponthesuitorsinthathall,turning,turningtostrikeandstrikeagain,,whiletornmenmoanedatdeath,andbloodransmokingoverthewholefloor....
AcAveReading:Starthesimiles.Thesuitorsarebeingcomparedto_____________and_____________.Why?
!ReactDoyouagreewithOydessus'formofjusFce?Wouldthatworkintoday'ssociety?Whyorwhynot?
FiguraFveLanguage
1.Whoisstampedinglikestungca]le?______________________
2.Whoiswheelingasterribleasfalcons,divingdownwithtalonstogriptheirprey?______________________
37
CLAStandard:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.2,3.3,3.7
Imagery
1.Underlinetwoexamplesofvisual(sight)imagery.
MoAve
2.WritetworeasonswhyOdysseuskillsthesuitors.a.______________
b._____________
Comprehension
3.WhydoesOdysseuschoosetoshootAnFnousintheneck?_____________________________________________because__________________________________________________________
‐
Nowastheycranedtoseetheirchampionwherehelaythesuitorsjostledinuproardownthehall,everyoneonhisfeet.Wildlytheyturnedandscannedthewallsinthelongroomforarms;butnotashield,notagoodashenspearwasthereforamantotakeandthrow.
AlltheycoulddowasyellinoutrageatOdysseus:"Foul!toshootataman!”“Thatwasyourlastshot!""Yourownthroatwillbeslitforthis!""Ourfinestladisdown!”“YoukilledthebestonIthaca!""Buzzardswilltearyoureyesout!"
Fortheyimaginedastheywished‐thatitwasawildshot,anunintendedkilling‐‐fools,nottocomprehendtheywerealreadyinthegripofdeath.
ButglaringunderhisbrowsOdysseusanswered:"Youyellowdogs,youthoughtI'dnevermakeithomefromthelandofTroy.Youtookmyhousetoplunder,twistedmymaidstoserveyourbeds.YoudaredbidformywifewhileIwassFllalive.Contemptwasallyouhadforthegodswhorulewideheaven,contemptforwhatmensayofyouhereaZer.Yourlasthourhascome.Youdieinblood."
Astheyalltookthisin,sicklygreenfearpulledattheirentrails,andtheireyesflickeredlookingforsomehatchorhideawayfromdeath.Eurymachusalonecouldspeak.Hesaid:
"IfyouareOdysseusofIthacacomeback,allthatyousaythesemenhavedoneistrue.RashacFons,manyhere,moreinthecountryside.Butherehelies,themanwhocausedthemall.AnFnouswastheringleader,hewhippedusontodothesethings.Hecaredlessforamarriagethanforthepower[Cronus]hasdeniedhimaskingofIthaca.Forthathetriedtotrapyoursonandwouldhavekilledhim.HeisdeadnowandhashisporFon.Spareyourownpeople.Asforourselves,we'llmakeresFtuFonofwineandmeatconsumed,andadd,eachone,aFtheoftwentyoxenwithgiZsofbronzeandgoldtowarmyourheart.Meanwhilewecannotblameyouforyouranger.
Wordstoknow!Jostled(v)‐‐pushedaroundespeciallyinacrowdEntrails(n)‐‐guts
PersuasiveTechniques
HowdoesEurymachustrytopersuadeOdysseusnottotakerevenge?
36
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
BigIdea:HowdoesPenelopetestOdysseus?__________________________________________________________________
!ReactDoyouthinkTelemachushasarighttogetmadathismother?Whyorwhynot? Wordstoknow!
wily(adj)‐‐goodatgeBngwhatyouwantbybeingclevershuns(v)‐‐avoidssomeoneorsomethingflint(n)‐‐ahardblackorgreystone
(FromBook23)ODYSSEUSANDPENELOPE
EurycleiarunstoPenelopetoannouncethereturnofOdysseusandthedefeatofthesuitors.Thefaithfulwife—theperfectmateforthewilyOdysseus—suspectsatrickfromthegodsanddecidestotestthisstrangerwhoclaimstobeherhusband.
Crossingthedoorsillshesatdownatonceinfirelightagainstthenearestwall,acrosstheroomfromthelordOdysseus.
Thereleaningagainstapillar,satthemanandneverliNeduphiseyes,butonlywaitedforwhathiswifewouldsaywhenshehadseenhim.Andshe,foralongPme,satdeathlysPllinwonderment‐‐forsomePmesasshegazedshefoundhim‐‐yes,clearly‐‐likeherhusband,butsomePmesbloodandragswereallshesaw.
Telemachus'svoicecametoherears:
"Mother,cruelmother,doyoufeelnothing,drawingyourselfapartthiswayfromFather?WillyounotsitwithhimandtalkandquesPonhim?Whatotherwomancouldremainsocold?Whoshunsherlord,andhecomebacktoherfromwarsandwandering,aNertwentyyears?Yourheartishardasflintandneverchanges!"
Penelopeanswered:"Iamstunned,child.Icannotspeaktohim.IcannotquesPonhim.Icannotkeepmyeyesuponhisface.IfreallyheisOdysseus,trulyhome,beyondalldoubtwetwoshallknoweachotherbe\erthanyouoranyone.Therearesecretsignsweknow,wetwo."
Reading9:TheOdyssey
39
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Makeuphisbedforhim,Eurycleia.Placeitoutsidethebedchambermylordbuiltwithhisownhands.Pilethebigbedwithfleeces,rugs,andsheetsofpurestlinen."
Withthisshetriedhimtothebreakingpoint,andheturnedonherinaflash,raging:"Woman,byheavenyou'vestungmenow!Whodaredtomovemybed?Nobuilderhadtheskillforthat‐‐unlessagodcamedowntoturnthetrick.Nomortalinhisbestdayscouldbudgeitwithacrowbar.Thereisourpactandpledge,oursecretsign,builtintothatbed—myhandiworkandnooneelse's!
Anoldtrunkofolivegrewlikeapillaronthebuildingplot,andIlaidoutourbedroomroundthattree,linedupthestonewalls,builtthewallsandroof,gaveitadoorwayandsmooth‐fiBngdoors.ThenIloppedoffthesilveryleavesandbranches,hewedandshapedthestumpfromtherootsupintoabedpost,drilledit,letitserveasmodelfortherest,Iplanedthemall,inlaidthemallwithsilver,gold,andivory,andstretchedabedbetween‐‐apliantwebofoxhidethongsdyedcrimson.
There'soursign!Iknownomore.Couldsomeoneelse'shandhavesawnthattrunkanddraggedtheframeaway?"
Theirsecret!assheheardittold,herkneesgrewtremulousandweak,herheartfailedher.Witheyesbrimmingtearssherantohim,throwingherarmsaroundhisneck,andkissedhim,murmuring:"Donotrageatme,Odysseus!NooneevermatchedyourcauPon!Thinkwhatdifficultythegodsgave:theydenieduslifetogetherinourprimeandfloweringyears,keptusfromcrossingintoagetogether.
AcKveReading:PutastarnexttotheproofPenelopeprovidesthatshehasremainedfaithfultoOydsseus.
!ReactDoyouthinkitwaswiseofPenelopetotesttoseeifthebeggarwasreallyOdysseus?Whyorwhynot?
____________________________________________________________________
WordstoKnow:linen(n)‐‐typeofclothusedfortablecloths,napkins,orsheetspledge(n)‐‐seriouspromisethongs(n)‐‐longthinpieceofleather
41
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Character/SeWng
1.Underlineoneexampleofinternalconflictandoneexampleofexternalconflict.Labelthem.
2.WriteonepossiblereasonwhyPenelopedoesnotimmediatelybelievethebeggarisreallyOdysseus.__________________________________________________________________
AHIstoricalLook3.AccordingthetheancientGreeks,Athenawasthegoddessofwisdom,war,andpeace.HowdoesshehelpOdysseusinthisscene?_______________________________________________________________________________
AsmilecamenowtothelipsofthepaPenthero,Odysseus,whoturnedtoTelemachusandsaid:"Peace:letyourmothertestmeatherleisure.Beforelongshewillseeandknowmebest.Theseta\ers‐‐dirt‐‐allthatI'mcakedwithnow‐‐makeherlookhardatmeanddoubtmesPll...."
GreatheartedOdysseus,homeatlast,wasbeingbathednowbyEurynomeandrubbedwithgoldenoil,andclothedagaininafreshtunicandacloak.Athenalenthimbeauty,headtofoot.Shemadehimtaller,andmassive,too,withcrispinghairincurlslikepetalsofwildhyacinthbutallred‐golden.ThinkofgoldinfusedonsilverbyacraNsman,whosefamedartHephaestustaughthim,orAthena:onewhoseworkmovestodelight:justsoshelavishedbeautyoverOdysseus'headandshoulders.Hesattheninthesamechairbythepillar,facinghissilentwife,andsaid:
"StrangewomantheimmortalsofOlympusmadeyouhard,harderthanany.Whoelseintheworldwouldkeepaloofasyoudofromherhusbandifhereturnedtoherfromyearsoftrouble,castonhisownlandinthetwenPethyear?
Nurse,makeupabedformetosleepon.Herheartisironinherbreast."
PenelopespoketoOdysseusnow.Shesaid:"Strangemanifmanyouare...Thisisnoprideonmypartnorscornforyou‐‐notevenwonder,merely.Iknowsowellhowyou‐‐howhe‐‐appearedboardingtheshipforTroy.Butallthesame...
Wordstoknow!leisure(n)‐‐Kmewhenyoucanrelaxinfused(v)‐‐filledwithsomethinglavished(v)‐‐generouslygavealot
40
CLAStandards:LiteraryResponseandAnalysis3.3,3.6,3.7,and3.12
Forgiveme,don'tbeangry.Icouldnotwelcomeyouwithloveonsight!Iarmedmyselflongagoagainstthefraudsofmen,impostorswhomightcome‐‐andallthosemanywhoseunderhandedwaysbringevilon!...Buthereandnow,whatsigncouldbesoclearasthisofourownbed?
Noothermanhaseverlaideyesonitonlymyownslave,Actoris,thatmyfathersentwithmeasagiN—shekeptourdoor.YoumakemysPffheartknowthatIamyours.”
NowfromhisbreastintohiseyestheacheOflongingmounted,andheweptatlast,Hisdearwife,clearandfaithful,inhisarms,longedforAsthesun‐warmedearthislongedforbyaswimmerspentinroughwaterwherehisshipwentdownunderPoseidon’sblows,galewindsandtonsofsea.Fewmencankeepalivethroughabigsurftocrawl,clo\edwithbrine,onkindlybeachesinjoy,injoy,knowingtheabyssbehind:Andsoshetoorejoiced,hergazeuponherhusband,Herwhitearmsroundhimpressed,asthoughforever....
ComprehensionFocus
SequenceofEventsSequenceistheorderinwhicheventshappen.Tofindthesequenceofevents:
→Trytoremembertheorderinwhicheventstakeplace.
→LookforPmes,dates,andsignalwordssuchasfirst,then,earlier,now,andfinally.
→Whenyouknowtheorder,checkitagain.Makesureitmakessense.
1 3
SymbolismWhycan'tPenelopeandOdysseus'bemoved?_______________________________________________________________Whatdoestheirbedsymbolize?_______________________________________________________________
2
4 5 6
SummarizethissecKonaboutPenelopeandOdysseususinglinkingwordstoshowsequenKalorder.
SequenceofEvents
42
CLA Standards: Literary Response and Analysis 3.2, 3.5, 3.7
BigIdea:Greekswereexpectedtobehos_____________totheirguests.
!React
Inyouropinion,whichofthethreebreachesofhospitalityistheworst?Why?
StudentObjec>ves:‐‐Tocompareandcontrastthepresenta<onofasimilarthemeacrossgenres‐‐Toexplainhowselec<onofgenreshapesthethemeortopic‐‐Torecognizefigura<velanguageandimagery
EssayonHospitality
Welcome:AReligiousDuty
Today'svisitorstoGreeceareoDenstruckbythegeneroushospitalityofthepeople.Anancienttradi<onliesbehindthetraveler'swelcomeinGreeceanditisatradi<onthatwasfundamentallyreligiousbeforeitbecameapartofsocialcustom.
Zeus,thekingofthegods,demandedthatstrangersbetreatedgraciously.
Hostshadareligiousdutytowelcomestrangers,andguestshadaresponsibilitytorespecthosts.The<ghtinterconnec<onsandmutualrespectinthishost‐guestrela<onshiparereflectedinthefactthatthewordxenos(ze'nas)inancientGreekcanmeanboth"host"and"guest."Therela<onshipisoDensymbolizedintheOdysseybythepresenta<onofgiDs.Alcinous,thekingofthePhaeacians,forexample,givesOdysseusamagicallyswiDshiptogethimhome.
Whathappenswhenthehost‐guestrela<onshipisabusedorotherwisebreaksdown?InHomer'sepicsongsoftheTrojanWar,theIliadandtheOdyssey,thishappensatleastthree<mes.Thefirstoccasioncausedthewaritself:Paris,princeofTroy,ranoffwiththebeau<fulHelenfromSpartawhilehewastheguestofHelen'shusband,Menelaus.FortheGreeks,thisinsulttoxenia(hospitality)wasatleastasseriousasHelen'sunfaithfulness,anditmeantthatZeuswould,intheend,allowtheGreekstotriumphinthelongwar.
Reading10:TheOdyssey
45
CLA Standards: Literary Response and Analysis 3.2, 3.5, 3.7
Ithacac.P.Cavafy
translatedfromGreekbyEdmundKeeleyandPhilipSherrard
WhenyousetoutforIthaca,praythatyourroad'salongone,fullofadventure,fullofdiscovery.Laistrygonians,Cyclops,5angryPoseidon‐don'tbescaredofthem:youwon'tfindthingslikethatonyourwayaslongasyourthoughtsareexalted,aslongasarareexcitements<rsyourspiritandyourbody.10Laistrygonians,Cyclops,wildPoseidon‐youwon'tencounterthemunlessyoubringthemalonginsideyou,unlessyoursoulraisesthemupinfrontofyou.
Praythatyourroad'salongone.15Maytherebemanyasummermorningwhen‐fullofgra<tude,fullofjoy‐youcomeintoharborsseenforthefirst<me;mayyoustopatPhoeniciantradingcentersandbuyfinethings,20mother‐of‐pearlandcoral,amberandebony,sensualperfumesofeverykind,asmanysensualperfumesasyoucan;mayyouvisitnumerousEgyp<anci<estofillyourselfwithlearningfromthewise.
25KeepIthacaalwaysinmind.Arrivingthereiswhatyou'redes<nedfor.Butdon'thurrythejourneyatall.Beaerifitgoesonforyearssoyou'reoldbythe<meyoureachtheisland,30wealthywithallyou'vegainedontheway,notexpec<ngIthacatomakeyourich.Ithacagaveyouthemarvelousjourney.Withoutheryouwouldn'thavesetout.Shehasn'tanythingelsetogive.
35Andifyoufindherpoor,Ithacawon'thavefooledyou.Wiseasyou'llhavebecome,andsoexperienced,you'llhaveunderstoodbythenwhatanIthacameans.
!ReactDoyouagreewithOdysseus'decisiontonottellhiscrewmembersthattheywilldieandneverseetheirhomelandagain?Whyorwhynot?
MainIdea:Whatistheimportantpartaboutagoal?______________________________________
47
CLA Standards: Literary Response and Analysis 3.2, 3.5, 3.7
LiteraryElements
Symbolism
1.Accordingtotheessay,howistherela<onshipbetweenguestsandhostssymbolized?Therela<onshipbetweenguestsandhostsissymbolizedbythe_________________
____________________
____________________
Thesecondexampleofviolatedhospitalityhasitshumorousandironicside.IntheOdyssey,theCyclopsismonstrousnotonlybecauseofhishugesizeandbru<shappearance.Heissetapartfromcivilizedbeingspreciselybecauseofhisbarbaricoutlookonxenia.WhenOdysseusbegstheCyclopsforhospitalityandwarnsthatZeuswillavengeaninjuredguest,theCyclopsrepliesthatheandhiskind"carenotawhistlefor...Zeus"(line265).Withdarkhumor,theCyclopsusesthewordxeineion(Greekfor"guest‐giD")whenhetellsOdysseusthathewillhavetheprivilegeofbeingeatenlast(lines362‐363).Thepoe<cjus<ceoftheCyclops'sblindingwouldnotbelostonHomer'sGreekaudience.
Thefinalexampleofabreachinthelawofhospitalityunderliestheen<replotstructureoftheOdyssey:BackinIthaca,thesuitorsyearaDeryearabusethehospitalityofOdysseus‐anabsent"host"‐andthreatentotakeawayhiswife.ThebloodyvengeancethatOdysseustakesonthesesuitorsshouldbeunderstoodinthecontextoftheiroutrageousviola<onofreligiouslaw.Thesuitorshaveturnedhospitalityintoacrudemockery.PerhapsitisnotaccidentalthatjustbeforethebaaleOdysseusinvokesthehost‐guestrela<onshipwhenhequietlygiveshisson,Telemachus,thesignaltofight(lines1208‐1209):
'Telemachus,thestranger[xeinosJyouwelcomedinyourhallhasnotdisgracedyou."
WordstoKnow!Fundamentally‐‐(adv)mostimportantlyMutual‐‐(adj)sharedbytwoormorepeopleBreach‐‐(n)anactofbreakingthelaw
Genre
Anessayisashortpieceofnonfic>onthatexaminesasinglesubjectfromalimitedpointofview.
Howdoesanessaycomparetoanepicpoem?Listthreedifferencesandonesimilarity.
Differences:1._____________________________________________2._____________________________________________3._____________________________________________
Similarity:1.______________________________________________
Underlinetheclaim/topicsentenceofeachparagraph.No<cethatit
‐‐tellswhatthewhole paragraphwillbe
about and‐‐makesapointthatwill havetobeproved
46
CLA Standards: Literary Response and Analysis 3.2, 3.5, 3.7
Symbolism
Asymbolisaperson,place,orthingthatexistsliterallyinthestoryandhasagreatermeaningaswell.
Whatdoeachofthefollowingsymbolize?
Ithaca:_______________
Cyclops:______________
Perfumes:____________
theJourney:_____________
Genre
Poetryisatypeofrhythmic,compressedlanguagethatusesfiguresofspeechandimagerytoappealtothereader'semo>onsandimagina>on.
Howdoesashortpoemcomparetoanepicpoem?Listtwodifferencesandonesimilarity.
Differences:1.__________________________________________________________________2._________________________________
Similarity:1.__________________________________________________________________
Whatdoes"youwon'tencounterthemunlessyoubringthemalonginsideyou"mean?_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Canyougiveanexample?
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________ 48