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Who is Coming to College? 2012 CIRP Freshman Survey Results. Lunch with Lawlor Chicago, IL February 9, 2013 John H. Pryor Director, Cooperative Institutional Research Program Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA. Higher Education Research Institute. We believe in - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Who is Coming to College? 2012 CIRP Freshman Survey Results
Lunch with LawlorChicago, IL
February 9, 2013
John H. PryorDirector, Cooperative Institutional Research Program
Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA
Higher Education Research Institute
We believe inthe transformative power of higher education
CIRP Freshman Survey
• Comprehensive survey of incoming first-time full-time college students at four-year institutions
• Beginning of longitudinal research program that continues with the YFCY, DLE, and CSS
• 47th year and over 15 million students total
Social Media
@john_h_pryor
Hey Barack…this CIRP data is insightful! #highered #aacu13
CIRP Freshman Survey 2012
• Administered at – 389 four-year institutions– 236,937 students
• “Norms” – 283 four-year institutions– 192,912 students– Weighted to 1.5 million
entering four-year institutions
CIRP Conceptual Framework• Student experience is comprehensive, multifaceted and
inter-related, not focused on one or two issues
• Look at cognitive and affective domains
• Collect data that is:– Behavioral (what students do, i.e., study, interact, etc)– Psychological (attitudes, values, self-concept)– Environmental (campus climate, residence type)
Astin’s I-E-O Model
INPUT
CIRP Freshman Survey(previous academic performance,
financial concerns, expectations, degree aspirations,
self-concept in high school, race, sex)
ENVIRONMENT
YFCY/DLE/CSS(e.g., residence, interactions
with peers and faculty, curricularand co-curricular experiences)
OUTCOME
YFCY/DLE/CSS(gains in college, satisfaction with
college, retention, post-college plans)
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
2010 201250%
55%
60%
65%
70%
Reasons to go to College(% Indicating “Very Important”)
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 To be able to get a better job
To be able to make more money
To gain a general education and appreciation of ideas
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Most important objective:Being well off financially
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Being very well off fi-nancially
Developing a meaningful philosophy of life
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Most important objective:Being well off financially
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Being very well off fi-nancially
Raising a fam-ily
Developing a meaningful philosophy of life
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Increased Importance of Financial Reasons(% Indicating “Very Important”)
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
I was offered financial assistanceThe cost of attending this collegeCould not afford first choiceNot offered aid by first choice
% o
f Stu
dent
s
The First Choice Gap
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
64.160.7 60.7 60.5
57.9 59.3
80.6 77.8 79.2 78.976.0 76.7
Attending First choice Accepted First Choice
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Time to Degree• New in 2012
• “How many years do you expect it will take you to graduate from this college?”
• Importance in college choice:– “The percentage of students who graduate from
this college”
Time to Degree• Only 8.6% believe they will take 5 years
– National figure is 15.8%
• 2.7% believe they will take 6 years– National figure is 4.5%
5yr Degree and Prospective Major
19.1% Engineering14.0% English
Public Private
College 11.3% 4.3%
University 7.8% 15.0%
Time to Degree“The percentage of students that
graduate from this college”
was “very important” to only
30.4%
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Support for Same-Sex Marriage(% Indicating “Agree Strongly” or “Agree Somewhat”)
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Support for Same-Sex Marriage(% Indicating “Agree Strongly” or “Agree Somewhat”)
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Liberal Middle of the Road Conservative
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Liberal/Far Left Middle of the Road Conservative/Far Right0
10
20
30
40
50
60
30.3
44.2
25.526.4
48.0
25.6
37.4
42.5
20.0
32.3
47.0
20.7
Men 2008Men 2012Women 2008Women 2012
% o
f Stu
dent
sPolitical Orientation in 2008 and 2012, by Sex
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
70.3
58.2
39.5
20.1
62.7 61.1
41.9
23.0
2008
2012
% o
f Stu
dent
sSupport for Social and Political Views, by Year
(% Indicating “Agree Strongly” or “Agree Somewhat”)
Liberal/Far Left Middle of the Road Conservative/Far Right0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
73.7
59.9
41.0
82.4
66.4
38.1
2008 2012
% o
f Stu
dent
sWealthy Should Pay More Taxes
(% Indicating “Agree Strongly” or “Agree Somewhat”)
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Updated Majors• Reflect contemporary majors
– Biology (from 8 to 12)– Engineering (from 8-13)– Business (from 8 – 12)
• No large changes between categories
• Business continues to be the largest (14.4%)– 14.1% Health professions– 12.6% Biological sciences– 10.4% Engineering
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
New for 2012
19.3% Pre-med
6.3% Pre-law
Pre-Med Pre-LawBiological & Life Sciences 43.7 2.7
Health Professions 31.7 1.5
Social Science 5.7 12.7
Undecided 4.3 6.7
Engineering 3.7 2.4
Physical Science 3.7 0.7Other (Agriculture, Education, English, Fine Arts, Math/Computer Scienced, Library Science, Other Non-technical)
3.6 9.0
Business 1.7 18.1
Arts & Humanities 0.9 5.0
History or Political Science 0.4 26.6
Justice and Security 0.4 14.6
Academic Major Intentions among Pre-Med and Pre-Law Students
HBCU Differences
• Historically Black Colleges and Universities enroll the largest percentage of both
– Pre-med22.9% vs 19.3%
– Pre-law• 10.5% vs 6.3%
Occupational Connections
• Pre-med– 35.7% Physicians– 11.7%Nurses– 2.1% Research Scientists
Occupational Connections
• Pre-law– 46.8% Attorney– 11.3%Business– 6.8% Law enforcement– 5.1% Government
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
New for 2012
Historically asked how many years of a subject (English, Math, Music, etc)recommended years in Nation at Risk
Research on math level indicates a connection with retention
Pre-calculus/Trigonometry Calculus AP Probability & Statistics AP Calculus0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
63.5
12.6
7.4 8.6
74.2
20.0
10.7
18.7
78.6
28.1
12.4
22.2
85.0
33.8
18.3
37.2
91.2
47.3
23.3
48.9
HBCUs
Public 4-Year Colleges
Private 4-Year Colleges
Public Universities
Private Universities
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Type of High School Math Courses Completed
Pre-calculus/Trigonometry Calculus AP Calculus AP Probability & Statistics0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
80.3
28.9 28.3
15.1
85.3
35.7 37.6
16.7
Not Pre-MedPre-Med
% o
f Stu
dent
sType of High School Math Courses Completed,
by Pre-Med Intention
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Slight Rise in Selected Habits of Mind(% Indicating “Frequently” or “Occasionally”)
2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ask questions in class
Accept mistakes as part of the learning process
Revise your papers to improve your writing
Evaluate the quality or re-liability of information you received
Look up scientific re-search articles and resources
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Trend of “Felt Overwhelmed by All I Had to Do”(% Indicating “Frequently”)
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Felt Overwhelmed by All I had To Do(% Indicating “Frequently”)
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Women Men
% o
f Stu
dent
s
High Emotional Health High Social Self-Concept High Academic Self-Concept0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
67.4
34.429.0
40.2
23.420.5
Not at all OverwhelmedFrequently Overwhelmed
% o
f Stu
dent
sImpact of Feeling Overwhelmed
Impact of Economics
Expectations and Reality of Time to Graduation
Support of Same-Sex Marriage
Political Views and Orientation between 2008 and 2012
Revised Majors in 2012
Pre-Med or Pre-Law Track
Differences in Math Preparation
Specific Habits of Mind on the Rise
Feeling Overwhelmed as High School Seniors
Where Students Reside
Living Plans for Fall
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
College residence
With parents or relatives
Other private home, apartment, room
% o
f Stu
dent
s
Students Living with Family
• Important factor in college choice – Cost (57.3% vs 40.1%)– Live near home (49.0% vs 13.7%)
• Financing college– Using loans (48.7% vs 62.3%)– Not using any family resources (21.1% vs 12.7%)
Students Living with Family
• “Very good” chance of transfer– 10.0% vs 5.2%
• Need extra time to complete degree – 7.9% vs 5.4%
Conclusions
• Economic impact intensifies– All time highs
• At the same time, few see time to degree as important as it should be
• Students identify more with “middle of the road” politically, yet hold liberal views
• More students entering having felt overwhelmed
