What’s the MATTER , part I

Matter:

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Matter is made up of building blocks:atom – smallest unit of an element.element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

FYI (good bonus questions!!!)

90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements:

Oxygen 49.2%Silicon 25.7 %Aluminum 7.5%Iron 4.7%Calcium 3.4%

States of Matter

Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible

Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite

shape (assumes the shape of the container)

Particles are loosely packed (can flow) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible

Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible

Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and

neon signs

Energy Amounts in States of Matter

Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate

Liquid- more energy, they move freely Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move

extremely fast

States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of Matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Energy

Names of Phase Changes

Solid to Liquid= Melting Liquid to Gas = Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid= Freezing Solid to Gas = Sublimation Gas to Solid = Deposition

Properties of Matter

2 Types:

Extensive – depend on the amount of the sample

Examples = volumemasslengthweight

Properties of Matter (cont.) Intensive – does not depend on the

amount of the sample Examples = density

melting pointboiling pointmalleabilityductilitycolorodor