What Makes a Civilization?

Means of subsistence(example: farming)

Government(laws, decision makers, etc.)

Written language/records

Job Specialization

Social Classes(upper-class, middle-class, lower-class)

Economics(trading, bartering, monetary exchanges)

Education/Technology

Religion

The FRAME

Key Topic

is about . . .

Details

Main Idea

• Mesopotamian Civ: Tigris and Euphrates• Egypt: Nile• India: Indus and Ganges• China: Huang He

Details

Main Idea

• Hereditary rulers: people are born into royalty - Dynasties of kings and pharaohs• Rigid class system -Determined at birth

Details

Main Idea

• Written law codes: 10 Commandments, Hammurabi’s Code• Centralized Government: Based on Religious authority• First states (city-states, kingdoms, empires)

Details

Main Idea

• Metal tools and weapons• Agricultural surplus: better tools, irrigation, slavery• Trade along rives and seas• Development of first cities

Cradles of Civilization

Where were the earliest civilizations located and what characteristics do they all share

Early Civilizations

3500-500 B.CE

Social Patterns

Political Patterns

Economic Patterns

1) Where were the earliest civilizations located?

2) Why did early civilizations form around river valleys?

Geography of India

Indus River

GangesMohenjo-Daro

Harappa

Hindu Kush Mtns.

Himalaya Mtns.

The FRAME RoutineKey Topic

Main idea

is about…

Essential details

Main idea Main idea Main idea

Essential details Essential details Essential details

Indian Civilization

Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live?

Beginning of Indian Civilization

Began in the Indus Valley

Spread to the Ganges River

Spread without interruption b/c of location

Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Aryan Migration

Migrated to India and dominated

Created the Caste System

The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do

Mauryan Empire

Greatest Ruler= Emperor Asoka

Unified the people of India

Spread Buddhism

Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads

Gupta Empire

Golden Age of Indian Culture

Contributions include: math (concept of zero), medical advances (setting bones), astronomy (concept of a round earth), new textiles, and literature

1) The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________.2) The Aryans are best remembered in India for-3) The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________.4) Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

The FRAME RoutineKey Topic

is about…

Beliefs

- Belief in many forms of one god Not really monotheistic or polytheistic

- Karma: thoughts and actions result in future consequences

“What goes around. Comes around”- Reincarnation: rebirth is based upon karma

Sacred texts=

How did Hinduism spread?

Hinduism

1) Vedas

2) Upanishads

Along major trade routes

How Hinduism influenced Indian society

The FRAME RoutineKey Topic

is about…Buddhism

The beliefs of Buddhism and how it spread

BELIEFS=

Buddhism was founded by:

How did Buddhism spread?

-Founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama (500-400 B.C.E)- Also known as the Buddha

-Four Noble Truths: 1) Life is suffering 2) Suffering is caused by desire 3) End suffering; end desire 4) To end desire follow the Eightfold Path

Asoka’s missionaries and their writings spread Buddhism from India to China