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What can R&D do for sustainability?February, 17 2009
Nicole Dewandre Head of Unit RTD-I-2
“Sustainable development” DG Research
http://ec.europa.eu/research/sd/
The Regeneration Institute
Cardiff University
Structure
1. Opportunities1.1. Sustainable development in the EU context1.2. FP7
2. Challenges2.1. FP7 implementation2.2. European Research Area
3. SD as a challenge for science and society3.1. Science and civil society3.2. Science and policy
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Main milestones since 20011. Opportunities
------------------1.1. SD in the
EU context1.2. FP7
------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
• May/June 2001: First Sustainable Development Strategy• February 2002: Towards a global partnership (WSSD)• June 2002: Integrated impact assessment• February 2005: Sustainable development indicators • March 2006: Green paper on energy• June 2006: Renewed EU SDS • January 2007: Energy package• March 2007: Spring Council “3 x 20”• June 2007: Green Paper on adaptation to climate change• October 2007: Integrated Maritime Policy for the EU• November 2007: Strategic energy technology Plan• January 2008: Climate change package• June 2008: Action Plan on Sustainable Consumption and Production and Sustainable Industrial Policy • June 2008: Communication on greening the transport sector add copenhaguen + recovery package + maritime research
June 2006December
2007
SDS
R&D expectations
EU R&DPolicy (FP7)
SD references
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
EU renewed SDS• Commitment• Key Objectives• Policy guiding principles• Synergies between Lisbon and SDS• Better policy-making• 7 Key Objectives• Cross cutting policies• Financing and economic instruments• Communication and mobilisation• Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
• Definition: Brundlandt + “earth capacity” R&D
• Article 3 of the new EU Treaty• Persistance of unsustainable
trends R&D
• Main challenge: change – consumption and production
patterns– Non-integrated approach to
policy-making
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key ChallengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic instruments
Communication and mobilisation
Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Commitment
1.1. SD in the EU context
• The three pillars (environment, economic, social), with the need to « break the link between economic growth and environmental degradation » R&D
• Global perspective
CommitmentKey Objectives
Policy guiding principles
Synergies between Lisbon and SDS
Better policy-making7 Key Challenges
Cross-cutting policiesFinancing and
economic instrumentsCommunication and
mobilisationImplementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Key Objectives
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Fundamental rights• Intergenerational solidarity• Open and democratic society
– Involvment of citizens– Involvment of business and social
partners• Policy coherence, governance
(geographic )and integration (pillars) R&D
• Use best available knowledge R&D
• Precautionary principle R&D
• Polluters pay
CommitmentKey Objectives
Policy guiding principles
Synergies between Lisbon and SDS
Better policy-making7 Key Challenges
Cross-cutting policiesFinancing and
economic instrumentsCommunication and
mobilisationImplementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Policy guiding principles
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Complementarity R&D
• EU SDS: overall framework
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key ChallengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic instruments
Communication and mobilisation
Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Synergies between the EU SDS and the Lisbon strategy
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Better regulation• Integrated impact
assessment R&D
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-
making7 Key Challenges
Cross-cutting policiesFinancing and
economic instrumentsCommunication and
mobilisationImplementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Better policy-making
1.1. SD in the EU context
1. Climate change and clean energy
2. Sustainable transport3. Sustainable consumption and
production4. Conservation and mgt of natural
resources5. Public health6. Social inclusion, demography
and migration7. Global poverty and SD
challenges
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key challengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic instruments
Communication and mobilisation
Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Key challenges
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Education and training• Research and development
– §18 LT visionary concepts, science-policy interface, smart growth, interplay
– § 19 FP7+ETAP– § 20 Research on indicators– § 21 Universities, research
institutes, private enterprises
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key ChallengesCross-cutting
policiesFinancing and
economic instrumentsCommunication and
mobilisationImplementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Cross-cutting policies
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Getting prices right, smart growth, win-win opportunities R&D
• Shift taxation R&D
• Harmful subsidies• Coordination of financing
mechanisms (Life+, FP, CIP, Structual Funds)
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key challengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic
instrumentsCommunication and
mobilisationImplementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Financing and economicinstruments
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Concrete and realistic vision for the next 50 years R&D
• Communication at all levels (EU, MS, regional, local)
• Inclusive strategy (participatory methods, stakeholders involvement, social partners, csos)
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key challengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic instruments
Communication and mobilisation
Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Communication and mobilisation
1.1. SD in the EU context
• Progress reports: 2007, 2009, 2011.• Review of 2005 set of indicators, and
adoption of a limited set of indicators• National SDS focal points and
benchmarking of progress at national level
• Two-yearly review by the December European Council (starting 2007)
• EP, national parliaments, EESC, • National SDSs completed by June 07• National advisory councils to be set
up• Comprehensive review in 2011
CommitmentKey ObjectivesPolicy guiding
principlesSynergies between
Lisbon and SDSBetter policy-making
7 Key challengesCross-cutting policies
Financing and economic instruments
Communication and mobilisation
Implementation, monitoring and
follow-up
Implementation, monitoringand follow-up
1.1. SD in the EU context
R&D requests from the SDS
• Policy-relevant thematic contributions on key challenges: “Use best available knowledge”
• Monitoring tools: impact assessment tools and indicators
• New concepts – to “break the link between economic
growth and environmental degradation”
– To elaborate concrete and realistic visions over the next 50 years
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
SDS FP7Policy-
relevant thematic
contributions
Tools & methods
Concepts
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Contribution of SPs to SD
+
Ideas – Frontier Research
Capacities – Research Capacity
People – Marie Curie Actions
Cooperation – Collaborative research
EC direct actions – JRC non-nuclear research
Euratom direct actions – JRC nuclear research
Euratom indirect actions – nuclear fusion and fission research
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
“Ex ante” & “Ex post”
FP7 is tailored for SD• Annex 1:
• Objectives of the 10 themes
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Policy-relevant thematic contributions to key challenges1. Health2. Food, Agriculture and Fisheries,
and Biotechnology3. ICT4. Nano-sciences, Nano-technologies,
Materials and new Production Technologies
5. Energy6. Environment (including Climate
Change)7. Transport (including Aeronautics)8. Socio-economic Sciences and the
Humanities9. Space10. Security
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Themes (FP) vs Key challenges (SDS) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1.Health x x x
2.Food, agriculture and fisheries, and biotechnology
x x x x
3.Information and communication technologies
x
4.Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies
x x
5.Energy x x
6.Environment (incl. Climate change) x x x x
7.Transport (incl. Aeronautics) x x
8.Socio-economic sciences and the humanities
x x x x x x
9.Space x x x
10.Security x x
Thematic contribution tokey challenges
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
• Assessment tools– “The 10 themes also include
research needed to underpin the formulation, implementation and assessment…”
– Themes 1, 2, 6, 8, 10
• Indicators– Themes 6, 8.
Impact assessment and indicators
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
• “Ideas”• Future and emerging
technologies, novel ideas and radical new use in “Cooperation”.
Need for new concepts1. Opportunities
------------------1.1. SD in the EU
context1.2. FP7
------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
FP7 and SD: strong mirror effect
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Interim conclusion:
• Political will of the legislator robust and coherent
• Collective endeavour, involving the EU, MS and research community: need for networking at all levels.
• Challenge at the level of implementation: turn the potential into reality
1. Opportunities------------------
1.1. SD in the EU context
1.2. FP7------------------2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
How to optimise the contribution of FP7 to the EU SDS?
Coordination tool• “Framework Programme for
Sustainable Development” network
• Established in November 2006• Members: DG RTD directorates
involved in the implementation of FP7 together with DGs INFSO, TREN, ENTR and JRC
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
First resultsSD-related topics
SD-related projects
SD-related budget
2007 59% 49% 49%
2008 53% 36% 39%
2009 68%**
** excluding Transport
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
WP Review: First results1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Share SD-related topics per Theme
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Hea
lth
Foo
d
ICT
NM
P
Ene
rgy
Env
ironm
ent
Tra
nspo
rt
SS
H
Spa
ce
Sec
urity
Tot
al
Themes
Per
cen
tag
e
2009
2008
2007
WP Review: First results1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Share SD-related budget WPs 2007 and 2008
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Hea
lth
Foo
d
ICT
NM
P
Ene
rgy
Env
ironm
Tra
nspo
rt
SS
H
Spa
ce
Sec
urity
Tot
al
Themes
Per
cen
tag
e
2007
2008
Monitoring system
• To measure FP7 contribution to EU SDS
• Professionalisation of the current WP review
• Contract to be signed at the beginning of 2009
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Benefits of monitoring FP7’s contributions to EU-SDS
FP
SP
WP
Activities
Areas
Topics ProjectsProjects
ProjectsProjects
External factors
impacts on enviro.technol., markets, society, policy, etc.
EU-SDS
Key challenges,overall objectives
Operational objectives + targets
Actions
(a)
(a) Coherence mapping: Comparing FP/SP/WPs
(b1) Potential SDS goal attainment: Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
(b2) Project analysis: including project informations and linking them with EU-SDS
(c) Outcome assessment: Monitoring the most relevant projects
(b1)(b2)
(c)
2.1. FP7 implementation
(b1) Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
Shows SD-relevance of FP7 Identifies topics with high contribution of FP7 to EU-SDS objectives
2.1. FP7 implementation
(b1) Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
2.1. FP7 implementation
(b1) Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
Additional screening information allows quantitative analyses
2.1. FP7 implementation
(b1) Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
Quantitative analysis by activities
2.1. FP7 implementation
(b1) Crossreferencing WPs and EU-SDS
Quantitative analysis by time span of effects
2.1. FP7 implementation
• JTIs– “CLEAN SKY”– “Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
Initiative”– IMI
• Joint calls– Bio refineries (2,4,5 and 6, 2008)– Novel ICT solutions for Smart
Electricity Distribution Networks (3 and 5, 2008)
– Use, recycling and final treatment of nanotechnology-based products (4 and 6, 2008)
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area
------------------ 3. SD as a challenge
for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Cross-cutting approaches
Three questions
1. To what extent does SD call for changes in the way research is implemented?
2. To what extent does SD call for changes in the way research policies are elaborated?
3. How can the contribution of research to SD be measured?
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area------------------ 3.
SD as a challenge for science &
society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Small expert group
Chair: Prof. Luke Georghiou
Research implementation:Dr. Jennifer Cassingena HarperResearch policy:Prof. Stefan KuhlmannIndicators:Dr. Laurence Esterle
First background paper (mid-Jan 2009)
BP
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area------------------ 3.
SD as a challenge for science &
society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Methodology
BP
Experts
MS representatives
Web-based consultation
FR
Conference: Presentation and discussion
Mid-Jan. 09 Feb. - March 09 April - May 09
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area------------------ 3.
SD as a challenge for science &
society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Web-based consultation
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
------------------2.1. FP7
implementation2.2. European Research Area------------------ 3.
SD as a challenge for science &
society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Now open:
http://ec.europa.eu/yourvoice/ipm/forms/dispatch?form=RD4SD
Science for knowledge
• Enlightment• Academic freedom• Basic research
Scientists
Science for technology
• Industrial revolution• Growth/competitiveness• Applied research
Industry
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Science for knowledge -
Science for technology
Societal concerns may not flow automatically from these two
rationales.
Progress?Sustainability?Environment?
Energy?Food safety?
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Knowledge + Technology=
Societal relevance?
Role of third sector!
Patient groups, NGO, consumers associations, environmentalistsNot necessarily
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Role of third sector
Scientists
Industry
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Role of third sector
Scientists
IndustryThird sector Industry
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Scientists
knowledge development; new frontiers
Industrygrowth and competitiveness;market needs
Third sectorsocietal relevance of research(sustainability, safety, …)
Policy making
3.1. Science and civil society
Role of third sector
• « Guarantor » of societal relevance of research policy
• Throughout the policy cycle, from policy-making to project level, passing by work programmes.
• Comprehensive but progressive approach….Ongoing….
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Opening to the civil society
• Ideally pervasive, but…• New funding instrument
(Research for the benefit of specific groups – CSOs)
3.1. Ouverture – société civile
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
What can civil society
organisations bring to research • Identify gaps in knowledge
• Provide different visions and knowledge, complementary to research community and industry
• Reinforce societal dimension of research
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
BSG-CSO: a new funding scheme
CSOs define the questions in relation with their activities / concerns
RTD performers and CSOs set a partnership and combine their knowledge: RTD performers carry out the bulk of the
research CSO may carry out some research,
management, coordination, training, dissemination strategy …
Other participants possible if relevant for the project. In this case: policy-makers should form part of the consortium
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
BSG-CSO Minimum participation
Minimum participation: Three independent legal
entities established in three different MS or associated countries -of which :
One CSO
One RTD performer
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Calls 2007,2008, 2009Theme 6: Environment
• Engaging civil society in research on sustainable development
• Engaging civil society in research on Sustainable Development indicators
• Enhancing connectivity between research and policymaking in sustainable development
Theme 7: Transport
• Communication of Framework Programmes' results for transport research
• Raising Citizen Awareness of Research Results for Climate-friendly Transport Systems
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Calls 2007, 2008, 2009
Theme 8: Socio-economic sciences and Humanities
• Conflicts and peace
• Articulation of the Rule of Law and protection of Human Rights at national, European and international levels
• Democratic ownership and participation
• Independent media and democracy in Europe
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Brokerage
• EU SDS: key objectives - to bridge the gap between science, policy-making and implementation
• June 2007 meeting with MS: the « gap diagnosis »
• Bridging the gap: let’s go for it!
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Q
Policy
A
Science
Policy
Q
Q
A
Science
Q
Q
A
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
1
5
4
2
3
? Research reservoir
composition of the consortiumin-built evaluation
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
ENV 2008.4.2.3.2 Enhancing connectivity between research and policy-making in SD
First outcomes of the 2008 topic• 21 proposals were received • 16 proposals failed to pass the threshold
• 4 proposals are under negotiation the anthropogenic deterioration of water
ecosystems, in particular in coastal areas (CSA) the impacts of climate change on water
management (CP) Sanitation (CP) sustainable urban management (CSA)
• Total budget:5 million EUR
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society
------------------3.1. Science and
civil society3.2. Science and
policy------------------ 4.
Conclusion: avoid panaceas
Avoiding panaceas
• Holistic framework/Lack of integration as scapegoat
• Oppose long term and short term• « I have a nightmare »• Knowledge society? Yes, but not
at the expense of – Love : « Why is it so difficult to love
the world?» Hannah Arendt, and – Thought: « Think, we must » Virginia Woolf
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Conference
• “Sustainable development: a challenge for EU R&D”
• 26-28 May 2009, Brussels
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
http://ec.europa.eu/research/sd/conference/1. Opportunities
2. Challenges3. SD as a
challenge for science & society
4. Conclusion: avoid panaceas
SD Portal http://ec.europa.eu/research/sd/
1. Opportunities2. Challenges
3. SD as a challenge for
science & society4. Conclusion:
avoid panaceas
Thank you for your attention!